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Since 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) has launched numerous programs aimed at improving health conditions around the globe, ranging from efforts to eradicate smallpox to education programs about the health risks of smoking. In setting global health priorities and carrying out initiatives, the WHO bureaucracy has faced the challenge of reconciling the preferences of a small minority of wealthy nations, who fund the organization, with the demands of poorer member countries, who hold the majority of votes. In The World Health Organization between North and South, Nitsan Chorev shows how the WHO bureaucracy has succeeded not only in avoiding having its agenda co-opted by either coalition of member states but also in reaching a consensus that fit the bureaucracy's own principles and interests. Chorev assesses the response of the WHO bureaucracy to member-state pressure in two particularly contentious moments: when during the 1970's and early 1980's developing countries forcefully called for a more equal international economic order, and when in the 1990's the United States and other wealthy countries demanded international organizations adopt neoliberal economic reforms. In analyzing these two periods, Chorev demonstrates how strategic maneuvering made it possible for a vulnerable bureaucracy to preserve a relatively autonomous agenda, promote a consistent set of values, and protect its interests in the face of challenges from developing and developed countries alike.

Public health --- World health. --- Global health --- International health --- Medical geography --- International agencies --- Medical assistance --- Public health laws, International --- World health --- International cooperation. --- International cooperation --- World Health Organization. --- Wereldgezondheidsorganisatie --- World health organization

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Give and Take looks at local drug manufacturing in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, from the early 1980s to the present, to understand the impact of foreign aid on industrial development. While foreign aid has been attacked by critics as wasteful, counterproductive, or exploitative, Nitsan Chorev makes a clear case for the effectiveness of what she terms "developmental foreign aid."Against the backdrop of Africa's pursuit of economic self-sufficiency, the battle against AIDS and malaria, and bitter negotiations over affordable drugs, Chorev offers an important corrective to popular views on foreign aid and development. She shows that when foreign aid has provided markets, monitoring, and mentoring, it has supported the emergence and upgrading of local production. In instances where donors were willing to procure local drugs, they created new markets that gave local entrepreneurs an incentive to produce new types of drugs. In turn, when donors enforced exacting standards as a condition to access those markets, they gave these producers an incentive to improve quality standards. And where technical know-how was not readily available and donors provided mentoring, local producers received the guidance necessary for improving production processes.Without losing sight of domestic political-economic conditions, historical legacies, and foreign aid's own internal contradictions, Give and Take presents groundbreaking insights into the conditions under which foreign aid can be effective.

Pharmaceutical industry --- Economic assistance --- Africa, East --- Economic conditions.

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In one of the first volumes assessing the full two terms of the George W. Bush presidency, Wroe and Herbert have gathered the work of leading American and European scholars. In fifteen succinct and incisive chapters, authorities such as Jim Pfiffner, John Maltese, Graham Wilson and Alan Gitelson offer assessments of the Bush administration's successes and failures. Extensive attention is paid to Bush's foreign policy, including 'The War on Terror' but the focus is broadened to absorb not only the Bush Doctrine and its repercussions, but also his trade and homeland security policies. The presid

Bush, George W. --- Bush, George, --- Bush, Geo, --- Bush, Dzhordzh Uoker, --- Bush, Dzh. U. --- Bush, Dzh. --- Bush, --- Bushi, Qiaozhi W., --- Bush, Zhorzh, --- Arbusto, Jorge W., --- Bush, Xhorxh W., --- United States --- Politics and government --- Bush, George Walker, 1946 --- -United States --- 2001-2009 --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / General. --- -Bush, George W.