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This volume presents some of the research topics discussed at the 2014-2015 Annual Thematic Program Discrete Structures: Analysis and Applications at the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications during the Spring 2015 where geometric analysis, convex geometry and concentration phenomena were the focus. Leading experts have written surveys of research problems, making state of the art results more conveniently and widely available. The volume is organized into two parts. Part I contains those contributions that focus primarily on problems motivated by probability theory, while Part II contains those contributions that focus primarily on problems motivated by convex geometry and geometric analysis. This book will be of use to those who research convex geometry, geometric analysis and probability directly or apply such methods in other fields.

Convex domains. --- Probabilities. --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Convex regions --- Convexity --- Mathematics. --- Convex geometry. --- Discrete geometry. --- Convex and Discrete Geometry. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Calculus of variations --- Convex geometry --- Point set theory --- Discrete groups. --- Distribution (Probability theory. --- Distribution functions --- Frequency distribution --- Characteristic functions --- Probabilities --- Groups, Discrete --- Infinite groups --- Discrete mathematics --- Convex geometry . --- Geometry --- Combinatorial geometry

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Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Functional analysis --- Partial differential equations --- Mathematical analysis --- Numerical methods of optimisation --- differentiaalvergelijkingen --- analyse (wiskunde) --- differentiaal geometrie --- functies (wiskunde) --- kansrekening --- optimalisatie

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This volume collects the notes of the CIME course "Nonlinear PDE’s and applications" held in Cetraro (Italy) on June 23–28, 2008. It consists of four series of lectures, delivered by Stefano Bianchini (SISSA, Trieste), Eric A. Carlen (Rutgers University), Alexander Mielke (WIAS, Berlin), and Cédric Villani (Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon). They presented a broad overview of far-reaching findings and exciting new developments concerning, in particular, optimal transport theory, nonlinear evolution equations, functional inequalities, and differential geometry. A sampling of the main topics considered here includes optimal transport, Hamilton-Jacobi equations, Riemannian geometry, and their links with sharp geometric/functional inequalities, variational methods for studying nonlinear evolution equations and their scaling properties, and the metric/energetic theory of gradient flows and of rate-independent evolution problems. The book explores the fundamental connections between all of these topics and points to new research directions in contributions by leading experts in these fields.

Differential equations, Partial --- Differential equations, Nonlinear --- Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Calculus --- Applied Mathematics --- Mathematics. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Analysis (Mathematics). --- Functional analysis. --- Partial differential equations. --- Differential geometry. --- Calculus of variations. --- Analysis. --- Partial Differential Equations. --- Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization. --- Functional Analysis. --- Differential Geometry. --- Isoperimetrical problems --- Variations, Calculus of --- Maxima and minima --- Differential geometry --- Partial differential equations --- Functional calculus --- Calculus of variations --- Functional equations --- Integral equations --- 517.1 Mathematical analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Math --- Science --- Global analysis (Mathematics). --- Differential equations, partial. --- Mathematical optimization. --- Global differential geometry. --- Geometry, Differential --- Optimization (Mathematics) --- Optimization techniques --- Optimization theory --- Systems optimization --- Operations research --- Simulation methods --- System analysis --- Analysis, Global (Mathematics) --- Differential topology --- Functions of complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Nonlinear PDEs --- CIME