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This volume examines the political reality in the post-Arab Spring period from the standpoint of both the relevant literature and fresh perspectives on assessing the mediating political, religious, and economic factors affecting the region.

Middle East --- Arab countries --- Arab world --- Arabic countries --- Arabic-speaking states --- Islamic countries --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Printemps arabe, 2010 --- -Arab countries --- Etats arabes --- Conditions sociales --- Politique et gouvernement --- -Printemps arabe, 2010-2011. --- HISTORY --- Politics and government. --- Social conditions. --- Arabischer Frühling --- Politischer Wandel --- General. --- Since 2000 --- Systemtransformation --- Systemwandel --- Systemwechsel --- Politische Entwicklung --- Wandel --- Arabellion --- <> Rabīʿ al-ʿArabī --- الربيع العربي --- Protestbewegung --- Arabische Staaten --- 2011 --- -Arab Awakening, 2010 --- -General.

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During the 1950s, amid increased attention to the problems facing cities—such as racial disparities in housing, education, and economic conditions; tense community-police relations; and underrepresentation of minority groups—local governments developed an interest in “human relations.” In the wake of the shocking 1965 Watts uprising, a new authority was created: the Los Angeles City Human Relations Commission. Today, such commissions exist all over the United States, charged with addressing such tasks as fighting racial discrimination and improving fair housing access.Brian Calfano and Valerie Martinez-Ebers examine the history and current efforts of human relations commissions in promoting positive intergroup outcomes and enforcing antidiscrimination laws. Drawing on a wide range of theories and methods from political science, social psychology, and public administration, they assess policy approaches, successes, and failures in four cities. The book sheds light on the advantages and disadvantages of different commission types and considers the stresses and expectations placed on commission staff in carrying out difficult agendas in highly charged political contexts. Calfano and Martinez-Ebers suggest that the path to full inclusion is fraught with complications but that human rights commissions provide guidance as to how disparate groups can be brought together to forge a common purpose. The first book to examine these widely occurring yet understudied political bodies, Human Relations Commissions is relevant to a range of urban policy issues of interest to both academics and practitioners.

Social problems