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Il senatus consultum ultimum non esiste. O meglio, certamente una tale formulazione non compare nelle fonti. La nozione di senatus consultum ultimum è frutto di una costruzione più tarda, per certi versi di comodo, connessa a quella necessità di classificazione e sistemazione organica in cui gli studiosi comunemente tendono a trovare conforto. Le fonti contengono piuttosto testimonianze di alcune delibere assunte dal senato di Roma fra l'età graccana e gli inizi di quella triumvirale al fine di garantire il mantenimento dell'ordine e la difesa della res publica quando quest'ultima fosse stata percepita come minacciata da momenti di profonda crisi politica interna.Questo volume non ha l'ambizione di portare a conclusione l'articolato dibattito che è sorto nei secoli intorno a questo tema sviluppandosi fino alle elaborazioni contemporanee intorno allo stato di eccezione. Intende invece riconsiderarne alcuni profili, alla luce di un più serrato dialogo con le fonti relative ai senatus consulta emanati in difesa della res publica, mettendo in evidenza consonanze e divergenze di una documentazione in fin dei conti frammentaria.

Altertum --- Antike --- teologia politica --- Orientamenti interpretativi --- spätrepublikanisches Rom --- pubblica romano --- costituzioni democratiche --- Senatus consultum ultimum --- Stato di eccezione --- Diritto romano --- Storia romana --- Carl Schmitt --- Jean-Jacques Rousseau --- Hostis-Erklärung --- Rechtsgeschichte --- Römisches Recht --- Römische Geschichte --- Römische Republik

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Sénatus-consultes (droit romain) --- Législation --- Droit et littérature. --- Littérature latine --- Rome --- Histoire et critique. --- Sénatus-consultes (droit romain) --- Législation --- Droit et littérature. --- Littérature latine

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"Wie, zu welchem Zweck und in welchen Zusammenhängen beziehen sich die klassischen römischen Juristen in ihren Werken auf die Beschlüsse des römischen Senats? Welche Bedeutung kommt solchen Beschlüssen für die Entscheidungsfindung in den Werken der römischen Juristen zu? Ging es den Juristen nur um den eigentlichen Anwendungsbereich der Senatsbeschlüsse, waren sie womöglich darum bemüht, den vom Senat verfolgten Motiven auch darüber hinaus Rechnung zu tragen, oder suchten sie umgekehrt nach Möglichkeiten zur Einschränkung der Reichweite einzelner Beschlüsse? Und inwieweit sind juristische Quellen damit verlässliche Zeugen bei einer Zusammenstellung der römischen Senatsbeschlüsse? Diesen Fragen spüren die Autorinnen und Autoren zu verschiedenen Juristen vom augusteischen Zeitalter bis in die Zeit der Severer nach. Sie leisten damit wertvolle methodische Unterstützung zur Erstellung der Palingenesie der römischen Senatsbeschlüsse."--

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Lungo l'arco di mezzo secolo, e sino agli ultimi giorni di vita, Edoardo Volterra lavorò a una raccolta delle deliberazioni senatorie romane di cui vi fosse traccia nelle fonti, accumulando numerosi materiali. Di essi solo una minima parte fu adoperata per le voci Senatus consulta, apparse nel 1940 e nel 1969. L'archivio dell'École française de Rome custodisce tali preziosi materiali, e fra essi una raccolta - già allestita e ritenuta dallo studioso pronta per la stampa - dei senatus consulta noti per il periodo dal 753 a.C. al 396 a.C., come anche un repertorio di fonti schedate e impostate in ordine cronologico, sino al 312 d.C., talvolta con non trascurabili annotazioni a commento. Dopo una consultazione con gli eredi e con altri specialisti del settore è sembrato opportuno avviare la pubblicazione di tali materiali inediti. Si tratta infatti non già di un 'fossile' di un percorso di studio interrottosi per la morte dell'autore, ma di un legato scientifico di alto valore, che non solo permette di avere un quadro chiaro del tema, pur con la consapevolezza di essere di fronte a un lavoro in fieri , ma anche di comprendere il metodo di Edoardo Volterra e la percezione che lo studioso aveva delle fonti oggetto di questa sua indagine, oltre che, in molti casi, i convincimenti da lui maturati sulle singole deliberazioni o su problemi di natura generale.

Senatus consulta. --- Roman law --- Rome --- History --- Droit romain --- Sénatus-consultes (droit romain) --- Sources. --- Volterra, Edoardo --- Critique et interprétation. --- Critique et interprétation

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This book represents a first attempt to investigate the relations between Law and Agroecology. There is a need to adopt a transdisciplinary approach to multifunctional agriculture in order to integrate the agroecological paradigm in legal regulation. This does not require a super-law that hierarchically purports to incorporate and supplant the existing legal fields; rather, it calls for the creation of a trans-law that progressively works to coordinate interlegalities between different legal fields, respecting their autonomy but emphasizing their common historical roots in rus in the process. Rus, the rural phenomenon as a whole, reflects the plurality and interdependence of different complex systems based jointly on the land as a central point of reference. “Rural” is more than “agricultural”: if agriculture is understood traditionally as an activity aimed at exploiting the land for the production of material goods for use, consumption and private exchange, rurality marks the reintegration of agriculture into a broader sphere, one that is not only economic, but also social and cultural; not only material, but also ideal, relational, historical, and symbolic; and not only private, but also public. In approaching rus, the natural and social sciences first became specialized, multiplied, and compartmentalized in a plurality of first-order disciplines; later, they began a process of integration into Agroecology as a second-order, multi-perspective and shared research platform. Today, Agroecology is a transdiscipline that integrates other fields of knowledge into the concept of agroecosystems viewed as socio-ecological systems. However, the law seems to still be stuck in the first stage. Following a reductionist approach, law has deconstructed and shattered the universe of rus into countless, disjointed legal elementary particles, multiplying the planes of analysis and, in particular, keeping Agricultural Law and Environmental Law two separate fields.  .

Law. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law. --- Agricultural Economics. --- Agriculture. --- International Environmental Law. --- European Law. --- Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice. --- Environmental law. --- Farm economics. --- Droit --- Agriculture --- Environnement --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Agricultural ecology. --- Agricultural laws and legislation. --- Law, Agricultural --- Agroecology --- Law and legislation --- Ecology --- Private international law. --- Conflict of laws. --- International law. --- Comparative law. --- International environmental law. --- Environmental policy. --- Agricultural economics. --- Agriculture and state --- Permaculture --- Environmental aspects --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law . --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Agrarian question --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural production economics --- Production economics, Agricultural --- Environment law --- Environmental control --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- Environmental policy --- Law --- Sustainable development --- Economic aspects --- Law—Europe. --- International environmental law --- International law --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- Choice of law --- Conflict of laws --- Intermunicipal law --- International law, Private --- International private law --- Private international law --- Legal polycentricity --- Environment and state --- Environmental management --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- Civil law --- Government policy