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The future command and control (C2) structure of the United States Air Force (USAF) forces must be designed to withstand and cope with attacks on U.S. capabilities and to effectively adapt to a rapidly changing battle space. A future conflict with Russia or China is likely to involve precision missile attacks on airfields, attacks on command nodes, cyberattacks, and degradations to communications systems. The implications are far reaching. They threaten the long-standing USAF principle and practice of highly centralized C2. Determining how to adapt effectively to major disruptions in communications and chains of command is, thus, a crucial consideration for the USAF going forward. To help the USAF envision how forces should be organized to prepare for such conditions, the authors identify the demands that the USAF's emerging agility concepts will place on expeditionary wings; develop alternative wing C2 constructs for expeditionary Mobility Air Force (MAF) forces — some potentially disaggregated — in forward areas under threat of missile attack; and provide a qualitative assessment of the alternative constructs.
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This report provides preliminary insights from a project to assess advanced air mobility (AAM) developments, the potential for AAM technologies to support military missions, and the implications of AAM commercial markets for U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) objectives. The authors found that, while there are opportunities for AAM capability to contribute to various U.S. Air Force (USAF) missions, the potential for DoD to constitute a small market share may challenge its ability to shape the technology for defense-specific capabilities. As it considers whether to acquire AAM platforms and how to do so, given the market's commercial orientation, DoD has many tools at its disposal, aside from its buying power, to support U.S. technological leadership and military adoption of AAM. Furthermore, while DoD has numerous mechanisms to facilitate early research and development activities, experimentation and acquisition mechanisms for emerging technologies are limited and hindered by numerous barriers. These preliminary findings indicate that, regardless of whether the U.S. military ultimately adopts AAM technologies, they may provide a useful case study for DoD as it explores ways to leverage commercially derived technologies.
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