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In this finely written study of demonology and Christian spirituality in fourth- and fifth-century Egypt, David Brakke examines how the conception of the monk as a holy and virtuous being was shaped by the combative encounter with demons. Drawing on biographies of exceptional monks, collections of monastic sayings and stories, letters from ascetic teachers to their disciples, sermons, and community rules, Brakke crafts a compelling picture of the embattled religious celibate.

Monastic and religious life --- Demonology --- Spiritual warfare --- History --- History of doctrines --- 271 "00/04" --- 235.2 --- Spiritual battle --- Warfare, Spiritual --- Spiritual life --- Demonology, Christian --- Demons --- Evil spirits --- Spirits --- Monastic life --- Spirituality (in religious orders, congregations, etc.) --- Monasticism and religious orders --- Vows --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--?"00/04" --- Kwade engelen. Demonen. Demonologie. Duivel. Satan. Lucifer. Asmodeus. Beëlzebub. Mephistoteles --- Christianity --- 235.2 Kwade engelen. Demonen. Demonologie. Duivel. Satan. Lucifer. Asmodeus. Beëlzebub. Mephistoteles --- Monastic and religious life - Egypt - History - Early church, ca. 30-600. --- Demonology - Egypt - History of doctrines - Early church, ca. 30-600. --- Spiritual warfare - Egypt - History - To 1500.

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La somme de David Brakke introduit le lecteur dans les débats les plus récents à propos du "gnosticisme" et de la diversité du premier christianisme. En reconnaissant que la catégorie "gnostique" est imparfaite et doit être reconsidérée, David Brakke plaide pour un rassemblement plus prudent des preuves sur le premier christianisme, connu comme école de pensée gnostique. Il met ainsi en évidence la manière dont le mythe et les rituels gnostiques se sont adressés à des questionnements humains élémentaires (notamment à propos de l'aliénation et du sens), répandant le message d'un Christ sauveur et permettant aux hommes de regagner leur connaissance de Dieu en tant que source ultime de l'être.Plutôt que de dépeindre les gnostiques comme des hérétiques ou comme les grands perdants de la lutte pour la définition du Christianisme, David Brakke soutient la thèse d'une participation active des gnostiques à la réinvention de la religion monothéiste. Si les autres chrétiens ont pu rejeter les idées gnostiques, ils les ont aussi et surtout adaptées et transformées.

Gnosticisme --- Christianisme --- Relations --- Christianisme. --- Gnosticisme. --- Church history --- Gnosticism --- 273.1 --- 273.1*11 --- 273.1 Gnosis. Gnosticisme --- Gnosis. Gnosticisme --- 273.1*11 Gnosis en christendom --- Gnosis en christendom --- Church history - Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600 --- Theology --- Christianity and other religions --- Église --- Théologie --- History --- Christianity --- Histoire

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Since its publication in 2006, The Gospel of Judas has generated remarkable interest and debate among scholars and general readers alike. In this noncanonical Coptic text from the second century CE, Jesus engages in a series of conversations with his disciples and with Judas, explaining the origin of the cosmos and its rulers, the existence of another holy race, and the coming end of the current world order. In this new translation and commentary, David Brakke addresses the major interpretive questions that have emerged since the text's discovery, exploring the ways that The Gospel of Judas sheds light on the origins and development of gnostic mythology, debates over the Eucharist and communal authority, and Christian appropriation of Jewish apocalyptic eschatology. The translation reflects new analyses of the work's genre and structure, and the commentary and notes provide thorough discussions of the text's grammar and numerous lacunae and ambiguities.

Apocryphal books (New Testament) --- 229 --- 229 Apocriefen. Pseudepigrafen. Deutero-canonieke boeken --- 229 Livres apocryphes. Pseudepigraphes. Livres deuterocanoniques --- Apocriefen. Pseudepigrafen. Deutero-canonieke boeken --- Livres apocryphes. Pseudepigraphes. Livres deuterocanoniques --- New Testament apocryphal books --- Gospel of Judas --- Bible. --- Gospel of Judas Iscariot --- Peuaggelion Nioudas --- Secret book of Judas of Kerioth --- Secret Gospel of Judas of Kerioth

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It is often assumed that early Christian asceticism drew its followers completely away from worldly concerns into the realm of pure spirituality. But the life and thought of Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria (AD 328-73), shows just how worldly—and deeply political—ascetic theology could be. David Brakke examines this important church leader's efforts to reconcile asceticism's compelling intensity with the more conventional needs of the families and everyday believers on whom the Church relied for support and stability. Brakke describes how Athanasius joined with other fourth century bishops to create a strongly unified Christian church in Egypt, bringing both the solitary monks of the desert and the female ascetics in the cities under church authority by organizing them into auxiliaries of the emerging local parishes. By carefully integrating ascetic values and practices into a comprehensive vision of the church as a heavenly commonwealth, Brakke argues, Athanasius unified a community of Christians practicing diverse versions of their faith and helped to establish the lines of administrative and pastoral authority that would be essential to the church's future success. This illuminating study of the turmoil of fourth century Christianity also includes the first English translations of many of Athanasius's ascetic and pastoral writings.

Asceticism --- History --- Athanasius,

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Religious studies --- Sociology of religion