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Water-related processes such as floods, debris floods, flash floods, and debris flows represent major geomorphic hazards in mountain areas of the world. Recent decades have seen human pressures on these regions increase, aggravating conflicts between natural hazards and infrastructure. Detailed knowledge on frequency and magnitude of past flood or debris-flow events on alluvial fans and cones remains scarce, although it is widely accepted that such knowledge is of crucial importance for the assessment of hazards, mitigation of risks, and land-use planning. Archival records on the occurrence of past events are often fragmentary or even completely missing. Modern methods of historical dating of past debris-flow and flood events such as dendrochronology, radiocarbon dating, lichenometry and many more can provide valuable insights into past process activity and thus add key detail to the historical record.   This book provides a detailed overview on methods used for the dating of past torrential activity on fans and cones and fosters the discussion on the impact of past and potential future climate change on torrential processes. The book has a clear focus on the practical applications of these methods, complemented by case studies. The limits of each dating method in case of excessive natural and human interventions on fans and cones are shown.

Cones. --- Hazards. --- Risk assessment. --- Hazard mitigation --- Flood forecasting --- Alluvial fans --- Geography --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Physical Geography --- Environmental Sciences --- Dating --- Hazard mitigation. --- Flood damage. --- Alluvial fans. --- Damage, Flood --- Disaster mitigation --- Hazards mitigation --- Mitigation, Hazard --- Natural hazard mitigation --- Natural hazards mitigation --- Environment. --- Natural disasters. --- Environmental sciences. --- Physical geography. --- Geomorphology. --- Civil engineering. --- Environment, general. --- Natural Hazards. --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Physical Geography. --- Civil Engineering. --- Landforms --- Emergency management --- Geology. --- Engineering --- Public works --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Environmental science --- Science --- Geomorphic geology --- Physiography --- Physical geography --- Natural calamities --- Disasters --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology

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The initial employment of tree rings in natural hazard studies was simply as a dating tool and rarely exploited other environmental information and records of damage contained within the tree. However, these unique, annually resolved, tree-ring records preserve valuable archives of past earth-surface processes on timescales of decades to centuries. As many of these processes are significant natural hazards, understanding their distribution, timing and controls provides valuable information that can assist in the prediction, mitigation and defence against these hazards and their effects on society. Tree Rings and Natural Hazards provides many illustrations of these themes, demonstrating the application of tree rings to studies of snow avalanches, rockfalls, landslides, floods, earthquakes, wildfires and several other processes. Several of the chapters are "classic studies", others represent recent applications using previously unpublished material. They illustrate the breadth and diverse applications of contemporary dendrogeomorphology and underline the growing potential to expand such studies, possibly leading to the establishment of a range of techniques and approaches that may become standard practice in the analysis of natural hazards in the future.

Geophysics --- Meteorology. Climatology --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Forestry --- Physical geography --- geologie --- bossen --- fysische geografie --- geomorfologie --- natuurrampen --- klimaatverandering