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This open access book considers the water, energy, food (WEF) nexus in the Pacific region. The region comprises seventeen sovereign countries and seven territories spread across the Pacific Ocean, a blue expanse that covers a fifth of the world’s surface area but contains only 0.5% of the population—or 44.5 million people. The uniqueness of the Pacific and the need for a Pasifika-led approach to sustainability across environmental, societal and economical spheres requires this blue continent to be considered in a separate volume under the ‘Water Security in a New World’ series. This Pacific volume is focussed on water, energy and food security in Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) and the challenges produced by the impacts of anthropogenic climate change and human population pressures. The diversity of culture, traditional knowledge and ways of life across the Pacific are united by similar geographies and opportunities to apply a ‘Pacific specific’ WEF nexus approach; a coordinated approach to manage water, energy and food that is centred on active decision making across the three sectors to increase the security of each. Importantly, a WEF nexus approach builds on national and international efforts to date in the Pacific which include Integrated Water Resource Management, Ridge to Reef, Source to Sea, UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, Integrated Coastal Zone Management and other similar approaches. In this book, contributions by authors from governments, regional bodies, multilateral agencies, and academia describe water security and its intersectionality with both the energy and food sectors, highlighting the significance of both land and marine food systems and connectivity between water and energy in a Pacific-focussed context. It is demonstrated that these systems cannot be separated from the challenges associated with healthy environments and functioning ecological services, transport, and waste that are unique to this vast archipelagic region. To achieve meaningful change, it is essential that solutions are cognizant of the world’s colonial past and the global inequalities that persist today. The path forward for water and food systems is one that is Pasifika-led and builds on traditional knowledge and local capacity. National energy demands must consider the future with solutions comprising both WEF-integrated approaches and new energy technologies to hasten the transition away from fossil fuels. Globally, major greenhouse gas emitters both past and present need to step up for the environmental and economic benefit of all by rapidly reducing greenhouse gas emissions and supporting Pasifika leadership on highly ambitious net zero goals. This book is a highly recommended source of information and inspiration for policy makers, decision makers, research communities and practitioners dealing with any aspect of water, energy, or food security in the Pacific.

Water. --- Hydrology. --- Food security. --- Power resources. --- Human geography. --- Natural disasters. --- Social sciences. --- Food Security. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics. --- Human Geography. --- Natural Hazards. --- Society.

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This book investigates the need for a more open and interdisciplinary dialogue on the nexus of food, water and energy security in the Arab region. It argues that achieving sustainable economic development is irretrievably tied to the security of the water–energy–food nexus, which is in turn essential for bringing about sustained peace. Further, it discusses various approaches to achieving these lofty objectives, and offers the following take-away messages: The Arab region is currently under considerable water stress, and the situation will continue to get worse with a number of global changes – most notably those related to climate and regional water distribution. Viable solutions are available in the Arab region and can be implemented through innovative policies, judicious use of new technologies, and stimulating public opinion. Integration across water, energy, and food sectors is obviously needed but achieving it in practice is extremely challenging. There are some gaps in the scientific understanding but at the same time there is a wealth of data and synthesized information that can guide decision-making.

Social stratification --- Chemistry --- Relation between energy and economics --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Food science and technology --- energiebeheer (technologie) --- energiemanagement (economie) --- energiebeleid --- voedingschemie --- energie-economie --- waterbehandeling --- chemie --- waterverontreiniging --- sociale ongelijkheid --- duurzame ontwikkeling

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This book investigates the need for a more open and interdisciplinary dialogue on the nexus of food, water and energy security in the Arab region. It argues that achieving sustainable economic development is irretrievably tied to the security of the water–energy–food nexus, which is in turn essential for bringing about sustained peace. Further, it discusses various approaches to achieving these lofty objectives, and offers the following take-away messages: The Arab region is currently under considerable water stress, and the situation will continue to get worse with a number of global changes – most notably those related to climate and regional water distribution. Viable solutions are available in the Arab region and can be implemented through innovative policies, judicious use of new technologies, and stimulating public opinion. Integration across water, energy, and food sectors is obviously needed but achieving it in practice is extremely challenging. There are some gaps in the scientific understanding but at the same time there is a wealth of data and synthesized information that can guide decision-making.

Energy policy. --- Energy and state. --- Chemistry. --- Social structure. --- Social inequality. --- Environmental health. --- Environmental management. --- Water-supply. --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Social Structure, Social Inequality. --- Water and Health. --- Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management. --- Water Industry/Water Technologies. --- Equality.

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This is the fourth volume of the sabkha ecosystem series in Tasks for Vegetation Science. More than ten years have passed since the publication of the first volume, dealing with the Arabian Peninsula and adjacent countries. Volume two provided information on West and Central Asia, volume three on Africa and Southern Europe, where a lack of scientific capacity in this specialized field of saline dry lands was noticed. This is why volume three was comparatively thin. For the current volume however, we had almost thirty contributions, highlighting the importance of halophyte research and development, with a view to establishing pilot-farms, for food production, biofuel, analyzing atmospheric carbon sequestration, and also as places for ex situ halophyte biodiversity conservation. Two more volumes are planned, one on the sabkha ecosystems of the Americas and another one on Asia-Pacific, to conclude the global geographical coverage.

Salt marsh ecology --- Coastal ecology --- Data processing. --- Salt marshes --- Saltmarsh ecology --- Tidal marsh ecology --- Tide marsh ecology --- Tidemarsh ecology --- Marsh ecology --- Seashore ecology --- Ecology --- Environmental sciences. --- Life sciences. --- Sustainable development. --- Environment, general. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Energy, general. --- Education, general. --- Sustainable Development. --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Environmental science --- Environmental aspects --- Environment. --- Energy. --- Education. --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Education --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology

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This book is part of the Sabkha Ecosystems series. The series is designed to provide information on sabkha ecosystems of different regions. It will add to the collective knowledge available about saline ecosystems and also focuses on the African region where only limited information is currently available on.

Alkali lands -- Africa. --- Alkali lands -- Europe, Southern. --- Coastal ecology -- Africa. --- Coastal ecology -- Europe, Southern. --- Halophytes -- Ecology -- Africa. --- Halophytes -- Ecology -- Europe, Southern. --- Salt marsh ecology -- Africa. --- Salt marsh ecology -- Europe, Southern. --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Ecology --- Salt marsh ecology. --- Coastal ecology. --- Coast ecology --- Coastal zone ecology --- Coasts --- Salt marshes --- Saltmarsh ecology --- Tidal marsh ecology --- Tide marsh ecology --- Tidemarsh ecology --- Ecology --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Ecology. --- Biodiversity. --- Plant ecology. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Ecology. --- Terrestial Ecology. --- Plant Sciences. --- Coastal biology --- Sublittoral ecology --- Marsh ecology --- Seashore ecology --- Plants --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology . --- Floristic botany --- Floristic ecology