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This book is a treatise on the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of thin liquid films at solid surfaces and, in particular, their rupture instabilities. For the quantitative study of these phenomena, polymer thin films haven proven to be an invaluable experimental model system. What is it that makes thin film instabilities special and interesting, warranting a whole book? There are several answers to this. Firstly, thin polymeric films have an important range of applications, and with the increase in the number of technologies available to produce and to study them, this range is likely to expand. An understanding of their instabilities is therefore of practical relevance for the design of such films. Secondly, thin liquid films are an interdisciplinary research topic. Interdisciplinary research is surely not an end to itself, but in this case it leads to a fairly heterogeneous community of theoretical and experimental physicists, engineers, physical chemists, mathematicians and others working on the topic. It justifies attempting to write a text which aims at a coherent, theoretical presentation of the field which researchers across their specialised communities might be interested in. And finally, thin liquid films are an interesting laboratory for a theorist to confront a well-established theory, hydrodynamics, with its limits. Liquids at surfaces take notice of the surface they are placed upon, and this is reflected in their dynamics. And the polymers, when confined to thin films, can imprint molecular properties on the film dynamics. The material in the book is arranged in two Parts. Part I covers the basics of wetting and dewetting phenomena, and is of interest to researchers working in the field also outside of polymeric systems. It can be read as a brief introduction into the theory of wetting phase transitions. Part II delves exclusively into polymeric thin films, their mathematical description, and the confrontation with experiment. The present book attempts to bridge between the ‘light’ and the ‘rigorous’, always with the ambition to enhance insight and understanding - and to not let go the elegance of the theory.
Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Physics. --- Polymers. --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Liquid films. --- Polymeric composites --- Fluid mechanics. --- Composite polymeric materials --- Polymer-matrix composites --- Films, Liquid --- Physical chemistry. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Materials --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Surfaces. --- Reinforced plastics --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Thin films --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Surface chemistry --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Polymers . --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Mathematics
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Mathematical physics --- Fluid mechanics --- Solid state physics --- Matter physics --- Physicochemistry --- Macromolecules --- Chemistry of complexes --- complexen (chemie) --- theoretische fysica --- materialen (technologie) --- fysica --- polymeren --- fysicochemie --- vloeistoffen
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This brief book introduces the Poisson-Boltzmann equation in three chapters that build upon one another, offering a systematic entry to advanced students and researchers. Chapter one formulates the equation and develops the linearized version of Debye-Hückel theory as well as exact solutions to the nonlinear equation in simple geometries and generalizations to higher-order equations. Chapter two introduces the statistical physics approach to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. It allows the treatment of fluctuation effects, treated in the loop expansion, and in a variational approach. First applications are treated in detail: the problem of the surface tension under the addition of salt, a classic problem discussed by Onsager and Samaras in the 1930s, which is developed in modern terms within the loop expansion, and the adsorption of a charged polymer on a like-charged surface within the variational approach. Chapter three finally discusses the extension of Poisson-Boltzmann theory to explicit solvent. This is done in two ways: on the phenomenological level of nonlocal electrostatics and with a statistical physics model that treats the solvent molecules as molecular dipoles. This model is then treated in the mean-field approximation and with the variational method introduced in Chapter two, rounding up the development of the mathematical approaches of Poisson-Boltzmann theory. After studying this book, a graduate student will be able to access the research literature on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation with a solid background. .
Differential equations --- Statistical physics --- Solid state physics --- Electrochemistry --- Surface chemistry --- differentiaalvergelijkingen --- statistiek --- fysica --- fysicochemie --- elektrochemie
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This book is a treatise on the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of thin liquid films at solid surfaces and, in particular, their rupture instabilities. For the quantitative study of these phenomena, polymer thin films haven proven to be an invaluable experimental model system. What is it that makes thin film instabilities special and interesting, warranting a whole book? There are several answers to this. Firstly, thin polymeric films have an important range of applications, and with the increase in the number of technologies available to produce and to study them, this range is likely to expand. An understanding of their instabilities is therefore of practical relevance for the design of such films. Secondly, thin liquid films are an interdisciplinary research topic. Interdisciplinary research is surely not an end to itself, but in this case it leads to a fairly heterogeneous community of theoretical and experimental physicists, engineers, physical chemists, mathematicians and others working on the topic. It justifies attempting to write a text which aims at a coherent, theoretical presentation of the field which researchers across their specialised communities might be interested in. And finally, thin liquid films are an interesting laboratory for a theorist to confront a well-established theory, hydrodynamics, with its limits. Liquids at surfaces take notice of the surface they are placed upon, and this is reflected in their dynamics. And the polymers, when confined to thin films, can imprint molecular properties on the film dynamics. The material in the book is arranged in two Parts. Part I covers the basics of wetting and dewetting phenomena, and is of interest to researchers working in the field also outside of polymeric systems. It can be read as a brief introduction into the theory of wetting phase transitions. Part II delves exclusively into polymeric thin films, their mathematical description, and the confrontation with experiment. The present book attempts to bridge between the light' and the rigorous', always with the ambition to enhance insight and understanding - and to not let go the elegance of the theory.
Mathematical physics --- Fluid mechanics --- Solid state physics --- Matter physics --- Physicochemistry --- Macromolecules --- Chemistry of complexes --- complexen (chemie) --- theoretische fysica --- materialen (technologie) --- fysica --- polymeren --- fysicochemie --- vloeistoffen --- Liquid films --- Surfaces. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B
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This brief book introduces the Poisson-Boltzmann equation in three chapters that build upon one another, offering a systematic entry to advanced students and researchers. Chapter one formulates the equation and develops the linearized version of Debye-Hückel theory as well as exact solutions to the nonlinear equation in simple geometries and generalizations to higher-order equations. Chapter two introduces the statistical physics approach to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. It allows the treatment of fluctuation effects, treated in the loop expansion, and in a variational approach. First applications are treated in detail: the problem of the surface tension under the addition of salt, a classic problem discussed by Onsager and Samaras in the 1930s, which is developed in modern terms within the loop expansion, and the adsorption of a charged polymer on a like-charged surface within the variational approach. Chapter three finally discusses the extension of Poisson-Boltzmann theory to explicit solvent. This is done in two ways: on the phenomenological level of nonlocal electrostatics and with a statistical physics model that treats the solvent molecules as molecular dipoles. This model is then treated in the mean-field approximation and with the variational method introduced in Chapter two, rounding up the development of the mathematical approaches of Poisson-Boltzmann theory. After studying this book, a graduate student will be able to access the research literature on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation with a solid background. .
Statistical Physics. --- Electrochemistry. --- Differential equations. --- Surfaces (Technology). --- Thin films. --- Differential Equations. --- Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Film. --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Materials --- Surface phenomena --- Friction --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Tribology --- 517.91 Differential equations --- Differential equations --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Physics --- Mathematical statistics --- Surfaces --- Statistical methods --- Equations. --- Poisson's equation. --- Differential equations, Elliptic --- Algebra --- Mathematics
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