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The theory of consequences is one of the most important developments of medieval logic and was an integral part of the logic curricula at universities. One of the most famous authors of school tracts in the 14th century was Richard Billingham who was well known for his Speculum puerorum, a famous and influential text in the 14th and 15th century. This book includes the critical editions of three copies of Billingham's tract De consequentiis and the edition of the Toledo commentary on this tract. Apart from these texts the book will consider some short school tracts of Billingham's contemporaries as well as the elaborated treatises on the consequences in Ockham's Summa logicae and Burleigh's De putitate artis logicae. The introduction gives information about the author, the historical context and the latest developments of research. The concept of consequences in the British tradition is discussed in the detailed commentary on Billingham's tract which follows the editions.Die Folgerungslehre ist eine der bedeutendsten Entwicklungen mittelalterlicher Logik und war integraler Bestandteil der Logik-Curricula an den Universitäten. Zu den bedeutendsten Autoren von Schultraktaten im 14. Jh. zählt Richard Billingham, Autor des Speculum puerorum, einem berühmten und einflußreichen Text über das Beweisen von Aussagen. Die vorliegende Arbeit enthält die kritischen Editionen dreier Kopien von Billinghams Traktat Über die Folgerungen (De consequentiis) und die Edition des Toledo-Kommentars zu diesem Traktat. Darüber hinaus werden in der Arbeit einige zeitgenössische Schultraktate sowie die ausgearbeiteten Abhandlungen zu den Folgerungen in Ockhams Summa logicae und Burleighs Traktat De puritate artis logicae berücksichtigt. Die Einleitung informiert über den historischen Kontext, den gegenwärtigen Forschungsstand sowie über den Autor und sein Werk. Den Editionen schließt sich ein ausführlicher Kommentar an, in dem der Folgerungsbegriff der Britischen Tradition diskutiert wird und der dem Leser weitere Hilfen zum Verständnis des Textes bietet.

Consequentia (Logic) --- Logic, Medieval --- Billingham, Richard, --- Billingham, Richard

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The impetus for this book came from the recent appearance of single specialty books pertaining to reoperative surgery on various organs in the pelvis, as well as from the recognition that several different disciplines are involved with the challenges of reoperative pelvic surgery. Surgeons often encounter challenging dilemmas involving organ systems that have historically been attended to by surgeonsrepresentingcloselyrelatedbut distinctspecialtyareas. Withincreasing sophisticationand knowledge about management of anatomically adjacent organs by the specialties of gynecologic oncology, gynecology, urology, and colon and rectal surgery, as well as the emergence of specialty training programs in urogynecology and pelvic floor disorders, we thought it appropriate and timely to create a textbook acknowledging this increasing knowledge and interspecialty collaboration. To this end,where appropriate, we haveincluded collaborative authors fromeach of the specialties, any ofwhommaybecalledupontoaddressaparticularanatomicarea. Itseemsinevitablethatsituations willariseinwhichthecollaborativeexpertiseofseveralseparatespecialtiesmayconvergetoprovide surgeons the benefit of the combined thought processes that would prove invaluable when such difficult problems are encountered. With this in mind, the editors, from the fields of gynecologic oncology, urology, and colon and rectal surgery, identified experts in theirown fields who could bestcontribute to the management of specific problem areas. For example, since reoperations for endometriosis may involve uterus, adnexae, ovaries, or the colorectum, the chapter concerning this condition has been coauthored by specialists in colorectal surgery and gynecologic oncology. We have been fortunate to find experts who have collaborated to bring available evidence-based medicine, best demonstrated practices, and personal experience to their contributions.

Pelvic Neoplasms -- surgery. --- Pelvis -- Reoperation. --- Pelvis -- surgery. --- Reoperation. --- Pelvic Neoplasms --- Reoperation --- Pelvis --- Neoplasms by Site --- Body Regions --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Anatomy --- Neoplasms --- Diseases --- Surgery - General and By Type --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Surgery. --- Pelvic cavity --- Pelvic region --- Medicine. --- Gynecology. --- Rectum --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Colorectal Surgery. --- General Surgery. --- Colon (Anatomy) --- Surgery, Primitive --- Medicine --- Gynaecology --- Generative organs, Female --- Rectum—Surgery . --- Gynecology .

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The impetus for this book came from the recent appearance of single specialty books pertaining to reoperative surgery on various organs in the pelvis, as well as from the recognition that several different disciplines are involved with the challenges of reoperative pelvic surgery. Surgeons often encounter challenging dilemmas involving organ systems that have historically been attended to by surgeonsrepresentingcloselyrelatedbut distinctspecialtyareas. Withincreasing sophisticationand knowledge about management of anatomically adjacent organs by the specialties of gynecologic oncology, gynecology, urology, and colon and rectal surgery, as well as the emergence of specialty training programs in urogynecology and pelvic floor disorders, we thought it appropriate and timely to create a textbook acknowledging this increasing knowledge and interspecialty collaboration. To this end,where appropriate, we haveincluded collaborative authors fromeach of the specialties, any ofwhommaybecalledupontoaddressaparticularanatomicarea. Itseemsinevitablethatsituations willariseinwhichthecollaborativeexpertiseofseveralseparatespecialtiesmayconvergetoprovide surgeons the benefit of the combined thought processes that would prove invaluable when such difficult problems are encountered. With this in mind, the editors, from the fields of gynecologic oncology, urology, and colon and rectal surgery, identified experts in theirown fields who could bestcontribute to the management of specific problem areas. For example, since reoperations for endometriosis may involve uterus, adnexae, ovaries, or the colorectum, the chapter concerning this condition has been coauthored by specialists in colorectal surgery and gynecologic oncology. We have been fortunate to find experts who have collaborated to bring available evidence-based medicine, best demonstrated practices, and personal experience to their contributions.

Surgery --- Gynaecology. Obstetrics --- chirurgie --- gynaecologie --- vroedkunde