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Ex-Joegoslavië --- Ex-Yougoslavie --- Geschiedenis van de nieuwste tijden --- Guerres --- Histoire contemporaine --- Oorlogen --- Nationalism --- Yougoslavie --- XXe s., --- 1701 --- Yugoslavia --- Politics and government --- --XXe s., --- Nationalism - Yugoslavia --- XXe s., 1901-2000 --- Yugoslavia - Politics and government

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International relations. Foreign policy --- Russia --- China

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The authors consider the original strategy proposed by Sudakov for solving the Monge transportation problem with norm cost |cdot|_{D^*} min igg{ int |mathtt T(x) - x|_{D^*} dmu(x), mathtt T : mathbb{R}^d o mathbb{R}^d, u = mathtt T_# mu igg}, with mu, u probability measures in mathbb{R}^d and mu absolutely continuous w.r.t. mathcal{L}^d. The key idea in this approach is to decompose (via disintegration of measures) the Kantorovich optimal transportation problem into a family of transportation problems in Z_alphaimes mathbb{R}^d, where {Z_alpha}_{alphainmathfrak{A}} subset mathbb{R}^d are disjoint regions such that the construction of an optimal map mathtt T_alpha : Z_alpha o mathbb{R}^d is simpler than in the original problem, and then to obtain mathtt T by piecing together the maps mathtt T_alpha. When the norm |{cdot}|_{D^*} is strictly convex, the sets Z_alpha are a family of 1-dimensional segments determined by the Kantorovich potential called optimal rays, while the existence of the map mathtt T_alpha is straightforward provided one can show that the disintegration of mathcal L^d (and thus of mu) on such segments is absolutely continuous w.r.t. the 1-dimensional Hausdorff measure. When the norm |{cdot}|_{D^*} is not strictly convex, the main problems in this kind of approach are two: first, to identify a suitable family of regions {Z_alpha}_{alphainmathfrak{A}} on which the transport problem decomposes into simpler ones, and then to prove the existence of optimal maps. In this paper the authors show how these difficulties can be overcome, and that the original idea of Sudakov can be successfully implemented. The results yield a complete characterization of the Kantorovich optimal transportation problem, whose straightforward corollary is the solution of the Monge problem in each set Z_alpha and then in mathbb{R}^d. The strategy is sufficiently powerful to be applied to other optimal transportation problems.

Decomposition (Mathematics) --- Mathematical optimization.

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The partition of the Indian sub-continent, the collapse of the Soviet Union and erstwhile Yugoslavia, the reunification of Germany, the continuing feud between the two Koreas, the Irish peace process, the case of Israel/Palestine and the lingering division of Cyprus have together fuelled new thinking on the strategy and acts of partitioning countries, states, nations and continuities. They have also given rise to a huge body of literature. However, studies of partitions have usually focused on individual cases. This innovative volume uses a comparative analysis to fill the gap in partition studies and examines cross-cutting issues such as: Violence State formation and state building Regional politics Union and regional unification Peace policies Transitional strategies Geopolitics Historical experiences of de-colonization and transition Forms of violence and violent transition are worthy of analysis in their own right; the impact of various forms of violence on current politics, such as ethnological and territorial conflicts or religious pogroms, is not confined to a locality that witnesses the partition of polity - its impact is global. And as there is a strong link between partition, local violence and globalisation, there is a real need for a cutting-edge comparative framework that goes beyond area-centric readings but is gender sensitive, and sums up the experiences and implications of partition. This book will of great interest to historians, political scientists, philosophers, policy-makers, international relations experts and peace building institutions and practitioners, and political scientists.

Geopolitics. --- International relations. --- Partition, Territorial. --- Political violence.

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