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Entre partisans d'une morale religieuse et tenants d'une nation laïque, les États-Unis connaissent une profonde division culturelle et idéologique. Prônant la politique de la guerre culturelle, la droite chrétienne se targue d'un poids sans précédent dans la vie politique américaine. Le niveau élevé de la religion et du moralisme ont fait des États-Unis une exception parmi les nations occidentales avancées. Depuis 2000, la religion a joué un rôle décisif dans les élections. La réélection de Bush en 2004, point culminant des tentatives de la droite chrétienne pour influencer le cours de la politique américaine, en témoigne. La polarisation de la vie politique aux États-Unis n'est pas un mythe, même s'il faut nuancer les tableaux catastrophistes d'une Amérique déchirée en bastions rouges et bleus. En 2004, des tendances importantes ont modifié de façon significative la nature de la vie politique américaine. Le choix des électeurs ne s'est plus fait en fonction de questions politiques ou socio-économiques mais bien en fonction des valeurs. Être démocrate ou républicain est devenu affaire de choix culturel voire émotionnel autour de questions comme l'avortement, le mariage gay, le rôle de la famille ou la place de la religion dans la vie publique. À l'étude aussi, le fossé entre États-Unis et Europe. Si la guerre culturelle n'a cessé de le creuser, il n'est pas imputable à la seule réélection de Bush ou à des divergences d'intérêts géopolitiques. Cette incompréhension a des causes structurelles plus profondes comme les différences -fondamentales- en matière de valeurs culturelles et sociales. Quelque soit l'issue du scrutin de 2008, cette incompréhension mutuelle risque donc de perdurer.

Elections --- Etats-Unis --- United States --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- États-Unis --- --Elections --- Religion --- --Politique --- --United States --- Politics and government. --- Elections - United States --- Elections - Etats-Unis --- Politique --- United States - Politics and government. --- Etats-Unis - Politique et gouvernement --- Political culture --- Religion and politics

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Political systems --- Western Europe

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Conservatism. --- Right and left (Political science) --- Populism. --- Radicalism. --- Political parties. --- Right-wing extremists --- Conservatisme --- Droite et gauche (Science politique) --- Populisme --- Radicalisme --- Partis politiques --- Extrémistes de droite --- Conservatism --- Populism --- Radicalism --- Democracy --- Political parties --- Parties, Political --- Party systems, Political --- Political party systems --- Political science --- Divided government --- Intra-party disagreements (Political parties) --- Political conventions --- Self-government --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Extremism, Political --- Ideological extremism --- Political extremism --- Left (Political science) --- Left and right (Political science) --- Right (Political science) --- Conservativism --- Neo-conservatism --- New Right --- Sociology --- #A9906PO --- Extrémistes de droite

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Over the last three decades, numerous radical right populist parties (RRPP) have emerged, developed, and strengthened their electoral weight in Western Europe. Yet, while several RRPP have managed to formally participate in government coalitions (such as in Italy, Austria, and Switzerland) or to informally support minority governments (such as in Denmark, and in The Netherlands) and while other RRPP have become highly visible opposition forces (such as in France, and Germany), the influence exercised by RRPP remain underexplored. It is essential to focus on their policy influence because of their electoral strength but also because they are often perceived by journalists, citizens, policy-makers as well as by researchers as a threat to democracy. As a reaction, mainstream parties tend to adopt specific strategies - such as measures of militant democracy towards RRPP. The aim of this book is to contribute to theoretical and empirical research in political science by bringing together a variety of contributions about the influence of RRPP in terms of policies on their core issues. To that end, we ask under which circumstances these parties are able to do so in contemporary Western Europe. This book proposes to focus on the role played by party status. Are RRPP better able to leave their imprints when they are in power or support minority governments than when they hold opposition or outsider status in Western Europe?

#SBIB:321H81 --- #SBIB:324H43 --- Westerse politieke en sociale theorieën vanaf de 19e eeuw : nationalisme, corporatisme, fascisme, nationaal socialisme, rechtsextremisme, populisme --- Politieke structuren: politieke partijen --- Populism --- Policy sciences --- Right and left (Political science) --- Political sociology --- Political parties --- Western Europe --- Populisme. --- Techniques de décision en politique. --- Droite (science politique) --- Gauche (science politique) --- 89.61 political parties. --- 89.29 political ideologies: other. --- Policy sciences. --- Populism. --- Rechtspopulismus --- Rechtsradikale Partei --- Einflussnahme --- Einwanderungspolitik --- Europäische Integration. --- Europe. --- Westeuropa --- Western Europe. --- Populism - Europe --- Policy sciences - Europe --- Right and left (Political science) - Europe --- Techniques de décision en politique. --- Europäische Integration.

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While the COVID-19 pandemic overshadowed all else and would quickly have a lasting impact on our daily lives, other events related to the radical right in 2020 soon surfaced. From terrorist attacks in Germany and India to anti-mask protests across the U.S. and Europe, radical right violence escalated in the midst of circulating conspiracy theories and disinformation. The yearbook draws upon insightful analyses from an international network of scholars, policymakers, and practitioners who explore the dynamics and impact of the radical right. It explores a wide range of topics including reflections on authoritarianism and fascism, the role of ideology and (counter-)intellectuals, and radical-right responses to the pandemic and calls for police reform in the height of the Black Lives Matter protests. It ends with important assessments on best approaches towards countering the radical right, both online and offline. This timely overview provides a broad examination of the global radical right in 2020, which will be useful for scholars, students, policymakers, journalists, and the public.

Radicalism. --- Right-wing extremists.