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"Fundamental to oral fluency, pragmatic markers facilitate the flow of spontaneous, interactional and social conversation. Variously termed 'hedges', 'fumbles' and 'conversational greasers' in earlier academic studies, this book explores the meaning, function and role of 'well', 'I mean', 'just', 'sort of', 'like' and 'you know' in British English. Adopting a sociolinguistic and historical perspective, Beeching investigates how these six commonly occurring pragmatic markers are used and the ways in which their current meanings and functions have evolved. Informed by empirical data from a wide range of contemporary and historical sources, including a small corpus of spoken English collected in 2011-14, the British National Corpus and the Old Bailey Corpus, Pragmatic Markers in British English contributes to debates about language variation and change, incrementation in adolescence and grammaticalisation and pragmaticalisation. It will be fascinating reading for researchers and students in linguistics and English, as well as non-specialists intrigued by this speech phenomenon"--

Sociolinguistics --- English language --- Pragmatics --- Discourse markers --- Linguistic change --- Interlanguage (Language learning) --- Intercultural communication --- Pragmatique --- Anglais (langue) --- Grammar --- Social aspects --- Variation --- Research --- Discours (linguistique) --- Linguistic change. --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Language acquisition --- Languages, Mixed --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Historical linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse connectives --- Discourse particles --- Pragmatic markers --- Pragmatic particles --- Discourse analysis --- Germanic languages --- Grammar. --- Social aspects. --- Variation. --- Research. --- Sociological aspects --- Anthropological aspects --- Study and teaching --- Philosophy --- Great Britain --- Languages. --- Pragmatique.

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Fundamental to oral fluency, pragmatic markers facilitate the flow of spontaneous, interactional and social conversation. Variously termed 'hedges', 'fumbles' and 'conversational greasers' in earlier academic studies, this book explores the meaning, function and role of 'well', 'I mean', 'just', 'sort of', 'like' and 'you know' in British English. Adopting a sociolinguistic and historical perspective, Beeching investigates how these six commonly occurring pragmatic markers are used and the ways in which their current meanings and functions have evolved. Informed by empirical data from a wide range of contemporary and historical sources, including a small corpus of spoken English collected in 2011-14, the British National Corpus and the Old Bailey Corpus, Pragmatic Markers in British English contributes to debates about language variation and change, incrementation in adolescence and grammaticalisation and pragmaticalisation. It will be fascinating reading for researchers and students in linguistics and English, as well as non-specialists intrigued by this speech phenomenon.

English language --- Discourse markers --- Pragmatics --- Linguistic change. --- Interlanguage (Language learning) --- Intercultural communication --- Sociolinguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Language acquisition --- Languages, Mixed --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Historical linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse connectives --- Discourse particles --- Pragmatic markers --- Pragmatic particles --- Discourse analysis --- Germanic languages --- Grammar. --- Social aspects. --- Variation. --- Research. --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Anthropological aspects --- Study and teaching --- Philosophy --- Great Britain --- Languages.

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A basic property of human language is that it unfolds in time; the left and right margin of discourse units do not behave in a symmetrical fashion. The working hypothesis of this volume is that discourse elements at the left periphery have mainly subjective and discourse-structuring functions, whereas at the right periphery, such elements play an intersubjective or modalising role. However, the picture that emerges from the different contributions to this volume is far more complex. While it seems clear that the working hypothesis cannot be upheld in a “strong” way, most of the chapters – especially those based on corpus data – show that an asymmetry between left and right periphery does exist and that it is a matter of frequency.

Discourse markers --- Intercultural communication --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Linguistic change --- Pragmatics --- Cross-cultural orientation. --- Discourse markers. --- Diskursmarker. --- Intercultural communication. --- Kulturkontakt. --- Linguistic change. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmatik. --- Sprachwandel. --- Comparative linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Historical linguistics --- Cross-cultural training --- Orientation, Cross-cultural --- Training, Cross-cultural --- Ethnology --- International education --- Discourse connectives --- Discourse particles --- Pragmatic markers --- Pragmatic particles --- Discourse analysis --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Philosophy --- Study and teaching --- Anthropological aspects --- E-books

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"Though positioning has been addressed in social psychology and in identity construction, less attention has been paid to the specific linguistic markers which are drawn upon in discourse to position the self and other(s). This volume focusses on address terms, pragmatic markers, code switching/choice and orthography, the indexicalities of which are explored in different communicative activities. The volume is unusual in: i) the range of languages which are covered: Bergamasco, Brazilian Portuguese, English, Finnish, French, Georgian, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, Spanish and Swedish; ii) the inclusion of different communicative settings and text-types: workplace emails, everyday and institutional conversations, interviews, migrant narratives, radio phone-ins, dyadic and group settings, road-signs, service encounters; iii) its consideration of both synchronic and diachronic factors; iv) its mix of theoretical and methodological approaches. The volume illustrates some of the linguistic means speakers draw on to position themselves and others and hopes to stimulate further research studies in this vein."--

Sociolinguistics --- Identity (Psychology) --- Pragmatics --- Comparative linguistics --- Linguistics --- Individuality --- Language and languages --- Self --- Personal identity --- Consciousness --- Mind and body --- Personality --- Thought and thinking --- Will --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Psychology --- Conformity --- Likes and dislikes --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Individuality. --- Language and languages. --- Linguistics. --- Self. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Sociolinguistics - Congresses --- Identity (Psychology) - Congresses