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This is a study of law, wrongdoing and justice as conceived in the minds of the ordinary people of England and Wales from the later eighteenth century to the First World War. Official justice was to become increasingly centralised with declining traditional courts, emerging professional policing and a new prison estate. However, popular concepts of what was, or should be, contained within the law were often at variance with its formal written content. Communities continued to hold mock courts, stage shaming processions and burn effigies of wrongdoers. The author investigates those justice rituals, the actors, the victims and the offences that occasioned them. He also considers the role such practices played in resistive communities trying to preserve their identity and assert their independence. Finally, whilst documenting the decline of popular justice traditions this book demonstrates that they were nevertheless important in bequeathing a powerful set of symbols and practices to the nascent labour movement. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of legal history and criminal justice as well as social and cultural history in what could be considered a very long nineteenth century. Stephen Banks is an associate professor in criminal law, criminal justice and legal history at the University of Reading, co-director of the Forum for Legal and Historical Research and author of A Polite Exchange of Bullets: The Duel and the English Gentleman, 1750-1850 (The Boydell Press, 2010).

Law --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- History --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Customary law courts --- Vigilance committees --- Dispute resolution (Law) --- Citizen participation --- History. --- ADR (Dispute resolution) --- Alternative dispute resolution --- Appropriate dispute resolution --- Collaborative law --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute processing --- Dispute settlement --- Justice, Administration of --- Mediation --- Neighborhood justice centers --- Third parties (Law) --- Crime prevention --- Death squads --- Native courts --- Courts --- Administration of criminal justice --- Crime --- Criminal law --- Criminals --- Law and legislation --- Community rituals. --- Eighteenth century. --- England. --- Informal justice. --- Justice. --- Labor movement. --- Law. --- Nineteenth century. --- Popular justice. --- Wales. --- Wrongdoing.

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Great Britain

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A duel could result from any challenge to a gentleman's honour, from minor insult to major accusation. At a prearranged time, two men at odds would meet, armed either with swords or pistols, to engage in a formal and sometimes fatal exchange. Stephen Banks explores the history and decline of the duel.

Dueling --- Dueling --- Dueling --- History. --- History. --- History.

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PR (public relations) --- interculturele communicatie --- interculturaliteit --- Advertising. Public relations --- Sociology of culture --- Intercultural communication. --- Multiculturalism. --- Public relations. --- Communication interculturelle --- Multiculturalisme --- Relations publiques --- Public relations --- 659.4 --- 316.772.45 --- 316.776 --- #SBIB:309H252 --- #SBIB:309H023 --- Public relations (PR) --- Interculturele, internationale communicatie--(communicatiesociologie) --- Communicatieprocessen --- Externe communicatie (incl. public relations) --- Interculturele en internationale communicatie --- 316.776 Communicatieprocessen --- 316.772.45 Interculturele, internationale communicatie--(communicatiesociologie) --- 659.4 Public relations (PR) --- Intercultural communication --- Multiculturalism --- Business --- Industries --- PR (Public relations) --- Advertising --- Industrial publicity --- Mass media and business --- Propaganda --- Publicity --- Cultural diversity policy --- Cultural pluralism --- Cultural pluralism policy --- Ethnic diversity policy --- Social policy --- Anti-racism --- Ethnicity --- Cultural fusion --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Government policy --- Anthropological aspects