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The end of the MFA was followed by rising apparel exports, falling prices, and a reallocation of production and employment between countries. There were also significant changes within countries. The first main finding of this report is that export and employment patterns after the MFA/ATC did not necessarily match predictions. While many predicted that production would shift to low-wage countries, this book shows that only 13 percent of variation in export changes post-MFA can be explained by the differences in wage levels. Second, changes in exports are usually, but not always, good indicato

Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009. --- Income distribution --- Labor supply --- Developing countries --- Social policy. --- Global Economic Crisis, 2008-2009 --- Subprime Mortgage Crisis, 2008-2009 --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- Financial crises

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History as a science --- History of Eastern Europe --- Russia

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Economic policy and planning (general) --- Foreign trade. International trade --- Developing countries

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Conventional wisdom holds that aging populations are unfavorable for economic growth because of their potential impacts on labor supply, productivity, and savings. When this is coupled with the increased spending pressures because of pension requirements and health care, aging societies are likely to face serious fiscal problems. This report addresses these concerns in the unique context of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union where many countries are aging rapidly without the economic resources and institutional capacity of other aging societies in Western Europe and Japan.

Older people. --- Older people --- Population forecasting --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Gerontology --- Social Sciences --- Economic conditions --- Economic conditions. --- Forecasting, Population --- Population --- Population projection --- Population projections --- Projection, Population --- Projections, Population --- Aged --- Aging people --- Elderly people --- Old people --- Older adults --- Older persons --- Senior citizens --- Seniors (Older people) --- Forecasting --- Social prediction --- Age groups --- Persons --- Gerontocracy --- Old age

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Labour market --- Russia --- Eastern and Central Europe