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In this study Arun Bala examines the implications that Niels Bohr’s principle of complementarity holds for fields beyond physics. Bohr, one of the founding figures of modern quantum physics, argued that the principle of complementarity he proposed for understanding atomic processes has parallels in psychology, biology, and social science, as well as in Buddhist and Taoist thought. But Bohr failed to offer any explanation for why complementarity might extend beyond physics, and his claims have been widely rejected by scientists as empty speculation. Scientific scepticism has only been reinforced by the naïve enthusiasm of postmodern relativists and New Age intuitionists, who seize upon Bohr’s ideas to justify anti-realist and mystical positions. Arun Bala offers a detailed defence of Bohr’s claim that complementarity has far-reaching implications for the biological and social sciences, as well as for comparative philosophies of science, by explaining Bohr’s parallels as responses to the omnipresence of grown properties in nature. .

Philosophy. --- Philosophy and science. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Sociology. --- Sex (Psychology). --- Gender expression. --- Gender identity. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Gender Studies. --- Physics. --- Bohr, Niels, --- Sex identity (Gender identity) --- Sexual identity (Gender identity) --- Identity (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Queer theory --- Expression, Gender --- Sex role --- Psychology, Sexual --- Sex --- Sexual behavior, Psychology of --- Sexual psychology --- Sensuality --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Science and philosophy --- Science --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Psychological aspects --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Boer, Niersi, --- Boerh, Niersi, --- Bohr, N. --- Bohr, Niels Henrik David, --- Bor, Nil's, --- Developmental psychology. --- Development (Psychology) --- Developmental psychobiology --- Psychology --- Life cycle, Human --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science

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The European 'dark ages' in the millennium 500 to 1500 CE was a bright age of scientific achievements in China, India and the Middle East. The contributors to this volume address the implications of this seminal era of Asian science for comparative and connective science studies. Although such studies have generally adopted a binary perspective focusing on one or another of the Asian (Chinese, Indian, Islamic) civilizations, this study brings them together into a single volume within a wider Eurasian perspective. Moreover, by drawing together historical, philosophical, and sociological dimensions into one volume it promotes a richer understanding of how Eurasian connections and comparisons in the millennium preceding the modern era can illuminate the birth and growth of modern science.

Science, Medieval. --- Middle Ages. --- Science --- Sciences médiévales --- Moyen Age --- Sciences --- History --- Histoire --- Sciences médiévales