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According to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, air pollution from fine particulate matter caused 6.4 million premature deaths and 93 billion days lived with illness in 2019. Over the past decade, the toll of ambient air pollution has continued to rise. Air pollution's significant health, social, and economic effects compel the World Bank to support client countries in addressing air pollution as a core development challenge. This publication estimates that the global cost of health damages associated with exposure to air pollution is USD 8.1 trillion, equivalent to 6.1 percent of global GDP. People in low- and middle-income countries are most affected by mortality and morbidity from air pollution. The death rate associated with air pollution is significantly higher in low- and lower-middle-income countries than in high-income countries. This publication further develops the evidence base for air-quality management through up-to-date estimates of air pollution's global economic costs. The analyses presented here build on previous cost estimates by the Bank and its partners, as well as on more comprehensive air-quality data from monitoring stations in many cities across the world. By providing monetary estimates of air pollution's health damages, this publication aims to support policy makers and decision-makers in client countries in prioritizing air pollution amid competing development challenges. Its findings build a robust economic case to invest scarce budgetary resources in the design and implementation of policies and interventions for improving air quality. Such investments will deliver benefits for societies at large, and particularly for vulnerable groups. This publication builds a strong case for scaling up investments for air pollution control in low-and middle-income countries.

Air quality monitoring stations. --- Dust. --- Health.

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Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Air pollution. Air purification --- Fuels --- Guatemala

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Environmental health --- Poverty --- Industries --- Pollution --- Indoor air pollution --- Fuel --- Environmental aspects --- Health aspects --- Colombia --- Environmental conditions. --- Fuels --- Air --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Industrial production --- Industry --- Destitution --- Environmental quality --- Health --- Health ecology --- Pollution, Indoor --- Gran Colombia --- República de Colombia --- República de Nueva Granada --- United States of Colombia --- Estados Unidos de Colombia --- Kolumbii︠a︡ --- Kolumbien --- Grã-Colômbia --- Neu-Granada --- Power resources --- Sick building syndrome --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Economics --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Public health --- Health risk assessment --- كولومبيا --- Kūlūmbiyā --- 哥伦比亚 --- Gelunbiya --- Colombie --- Колумбия --- コロンビア --- Koronbia --- New Granada --- New Granada (Republic : 1832-1858) --- Granadine Confederation --- Industries, Primitive