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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are revolutionizing the world in a way their original developers never envisaged.  From being military “war” tools, GNSS satellites are rapidly becoming “peace” tools that play a potentially critical role in enabling changing environmental phenomenon that do not permit direct measurements to be remotely observed via their all-weather, highly accurate and continuously updatable positional time series.  This is evident, for example, in their use in emerging environmental monitoring methods that are considered in this book. These include: GPS-based radio telemetry, which is enhancing ecological and conservation monitoring by more accurately mapping animal movements, their behaviours, and  their impact on the environment; GNSS-meteorology, which is contributing to weather and climate change studies;  GNSS-remote sensing, which, for example, allows the rapid monitoring of changes in fresh water resources and cryosphere; Geosensor network techniques, which are earning a crucial role in disaster response management; Epidemiology, for improved efficiency in tracking and studying the spread of infectious diseases and climate change effects on vector-borne diseases; and Economics, to provide data for the econometric modelling of  casual impact of policies. In Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA), Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA), and Sustainability Assessments (SA), GNSS, together with other spaced-based remote sensing techniques, are emerging, not only as modern tools that connect the developers to the community, but also provide information that support Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) methods, which inform decision making and policy formulations. By bringing the two fields of geodesy (the parent of GNSS technology) and environmental studies (potential users of this technology), this book presents the concepts of GNSS in a simplified way that can, on the one hand, be understood and utilised by environmentalists, while on the other, outlines its potential applications to environmental monitoring and management for those engaged more with its technology, which hopefully will further energise the already innovative research that is being carried out.  Lastly, this book is most relevant to all the professionals whose work is related to the environment such as hydrologists, meteorologists, epidemiologists, economist, and engineers, to name just a few. A comprehensive yet candid and compelling presentation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems and its application to environmental monitoring and a host of other socio-economic activities. This is an essential and new ground breaking reading for all professional practitioners and even academics seeking to study and become involved in using Global Navigation Satellite Systems in diverse fields ranging from environmental monitoring to economic activities such as monitoring weather and climate in order to design crop failure insurance.   Nathaniel O. Agola, Professor of Business and Financial Economics, Ritsumeikan University, Japan  .

Environmental monitoring -- Geographic information systems. --- Global Positioning System. --- Environmental monitoring --- Global Positioning System --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental Sciences --- Geographic information systems --- Geographic information systems. --- Global Navigation Satellite System --- GNSS (Navigational system) --- GPS (Navigational system) --- Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System --- NAVSTAR GPS --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Environment. --- Environmental management. --- Nature conservation. --- Water pollution. --- Environmental Management. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Nature Conservation. --- Artificial satellites in navigation --- Mobile geographic information systems --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Environmental pollution. --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Conservation --- Environmental aspects --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc.

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This book employs a suite of remotely sensed products and advanced technologies to provide the first comprehensive space-based sensing of Lake Victoria, the world’s second largest freshwater lake that supports a livelihood of more than 42 million people, modulates regional climate, but faces myriads of challenges. Proper understanding of the lake and changes in its physical dynamics (e.g., water level, shorelines and areal dynamics) resulting from the impacts of climate variation and climate change as well as anthropogenic (e.g., hydropower and irrigation) is important for its management as well as for strategic development before, during and after climate extremes (e.g., floods and droughts) in order to inform policy formulations, planning and mitigation measures. Owing to its sheer size, and lack of research resources commitment by regional governments that hamper its observations, however, it is a daunting task to undertake studies on Lake Victoria relying solely on in-situ “boots on the ground” measurements, which are sparse, missing in most cases, inconsistent or restricted by governmental red tapes. The book is useful to those in water resources management and policy formulations, hydrologists, environmentalists, engineers and researchers.

Hydrogeology. --- Environmental management. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Sustainable development. --- Climate change. --- Remote sensing. --- Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Sustainable Development. --- Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Hydrology --- Groundwater --- Environmental aspects --- Measurement --- Monitoring

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"Indeed, the most important part of engineering work—and also of other scientific work—is the determination of the method of attacking the problem, whatever it may be, whether an experimental investigation, or a theoretical calculation. … It is by the choice of a suitable method of attack, that intricate problems are reduced to simple phenomena, and then easily solved." Charles Proteus Steinmetz. The structure of this book is to provide a sequence of theory, workshops and practical field sessions that mimic a simple survey project, designed for civil and mining engineers. The format of the book is based on a number of years of experience gained in presenting the course at undergraduate and post graduate levels. The course is designed to guide engineers through survey tasks that the engineering industry feels is necessary for them to have a demonstrated competency in surveying techniques, data gathering and reduction, and report presentation. The course is not d esigned to make engineers become surveyors. It is designed to allow an appreciation of the civil and mine engineering surveyor’s job. There are many excellent text books available on the subject of engineering surveying, but they address the surveyor, not the engineer. Hopefully this book will distil many parts of the standard text book. A lot of the material presented is scattered through very disparate sources and has been gathered into this book to show what techniques lie behind a surveyor’s repertoire of observational and computational skills, and provide an understanding of the decisions made in terms of the presentation of results. The course has been designed to run over about 6 weeks of a semester, providing a half unit load which complements a computer aided design (CAD) based design project. .

Mine surveying. --- Mineral land surveying --- Engineering. --- Mineral resources. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Remote sensing. --- Civil engineering. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Civil Engineering. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Mineral Resources. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Mine examination --- Mining engineering --- Prospecting --- Surveying --- Engineering --- Public works --- Deposits, Mineral --- Mineral deposits --- Mineral resources --- Mines and mining --- Mining --- Natural resources --- Geology, Economic --- Minerals --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Mines and mineral resources.

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"Indeed, the most important part of engineering work—and also of other scientific work—is the determination of the method of attacking the problem, whatever it may be, whether an experimental investigation, or a theoretical calculation. … It is by the choice of a suitable method of attack, that intricate problems are reduced to simple phenomena, and then easily solved." Charles Proteus Steinmetz. The structure of this book is to provide a sequence of theory, workshops and practical field sessions that mimic a simple survey project, designed for civil and mining engineers. The format of the book is based on a number of years of experience gained in presenting the course at undergraduate and post graduate levels. The course is designed to guide engineers through survey tasks that the engineering industry feels is necessary for them to have a demonstrated competency in surveying techniques, data gathering and reduction, and report presentation. The course is not d esigned to make engineers become surveyors. It is designed to allow an appreciation of the civil and mine engineering surveyor’s job. There are many excellent text books available on the subject of engineering surveying, but they address the surveyor, not the engineer. Hopefully this book will distil many parts of the standard text book. A lot of the material presented is scattered through very disparate sources and has been gathered into this book to show what techniques lie behind a surveyor’s repertoire of observational and computational skills, and provide an understanding of the decisions made in terms of the presentation of results. The course has been designed to run over about 6 weeks of a semester, providing a half unit load which complements a computer aided design (CAD) based design project. .

Geodesy. Cartography --- Rocks. Minerals --- Mining industry --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Civil engineering. Building industry --- mineralogie --- monitoring --- fotogrammetrie --- mijnbouw --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- milieuanalyse

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East African states have historically shared several resources including energy and common heritage of its people. This book provides information on available sources of energy in the region and how the energy suppliers can exploit them in an integrated form to produce the right blend of energy for various applications e.g., industrial, domestic and recreational uses. We provide an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources in-terms of environmental, industrialization, distribution costs and impacts. We hope that the book will contribute towards a sustainable exploitation of energy resources for the improvement of the people’s quality of life.

Power resources --- Renewable energy sources --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Energy --- Energy resources --- Power supply --- Natural resources --- Energy harvesting --- Energy industries --- Regional economics. --- Geography. --- Environmental management. --- Political science. --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Economic Geography. --- Environmental Management. --- Political Science. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Economics --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Energy policy. --- Energy and state. --- Spatial economics. --- Economic geography. --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Geography --- Commercial geography --- Spatial economics --- Regional economics --- Energy and state --- State and energy --- Industrial policy --- Energy conservation --- Government policy