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Stratified flows, common in environmental and geophysical applications, are char­ acterized by the variation of fluid density in the vertical direction that can result in qualitative and quantitative modifications of the flow patterns by buoyancy . Unstable stratification (dense water/air above light water/air) increases the ver­ tical mixing by generation of convective cells while stable stratification generally suppresses vertical mixing of mass and momentum. Even so, a stably stratified fluid can support internal waves, instabilities and turbulence that play a critical role in transport and mixing. The ocean is predominantly subject to stable stratification which, under exter­ nal excitation, supports an environment of internal waves which may then break and generate turbulence. Wind forcing, currents and convective plumes are other sources of turbulence in the ocean. In the ocean, stratified turbulence mediates the upward transport of bottom water, nutrients, chemical and biological species, and pollutants. In the atmosphere, stratification affects the transport of pollutants released at ground level, a critical problem being the thermal inversion in urban areas that causes the stagnation of pollutants and small particulate (PM2.5 to PMIO) in the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer. In buildings, strat­ ification governs the circulation of air and heat in natural ventilation systems.

Physics. --- Fluids. --- Numerical and Computational Methods in Engineering. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Physique --- Fluides --- Technologie hydraulique --- Geophysics. --- Science. --- Stratified flow. --- Stratified flow --- Geophysics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Applied Physics --- Applied Mathematics --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Computational intelligence. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing --- Hydraulics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Earth sciences --- Engineering. --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Shore protection --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology

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This volume reflects the state of the art of numerical simulation of transitional and turbulent flows and provides an active forum for discussion of recent developments in simulation techniques and understanding of flow physics. Following the tradition of earlier DLES workshops, these papers address numerous theoretical and physical aspects of transitional and turbulent flows. At an applied level it contributes to the solution of problems related to energy production, transportation, magneto-hydrodynamics and the environment. A special session is devoted to quality issues of LES. The ninth Workshop on 'Direct and Large-Eddy Simulation' (DLES-9) was held in Dresden, April 3-5, 2013, organized by the Institute of Fluid Mechanics at Technische Universität Dresden. This book is of interest to scientists and engineers, both at an early level in their career and at more senior levels.

Engineering. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Ingénierie --- Technologie hydraulique --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil Engineering --- Fluid dynamics --- Turbulence --- Eddies --- Mathematical models --- Physics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Heat engineering. --- Heat transfer. --- Mass transfer. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Water currents --- Whirlpools --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Mass transport (Physics) --- Thermodynamics --- Transport theory --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Heat --- Mechanical engineering --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics

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Matter physics --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- eenheden --- vormgeving --- simulaties --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- fysica --- AI (artificiële intelligentie)

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Eddies --- Fluid dynamics --- Turbulence --- Mathematical models --- Mathematical models --- Mathematical models

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This book gathers the proceedings of the 11th workshop on Direct and Large Eddy Simulation (DLES), which was held in Pisa, Italy in May 2017. The event focused on modern techniques for simulating turbulent flows based on the partial or full resolution of the instantaneous turbulent flow structures, as Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) or hybrid models based on a combination of LES and RANS approaches. In light of the growing capacities of modern computers, these approaches have been gaining more and more interest over the years and will undoubtedly be developed and applied further. The workshop offered a unique opportunity to establish a state-of-the-art of DNS, LES and related techniques for the computation and modeling of turbulent and transitional flows and to discuss about recent advances and applications. This volume contains most of the contributed papers, which were submitted and further reviewed for publication. They cover advances in computational techniques, SGS modeling, boundary conditions, post-processing and data analysis, and applications in several fields, namely multiphase and reactive flows, convection and heat transfer, compressible flows, aerodynamics of airfoils and wings, bluff-body and separated flows, internal flows and wall turbulence and other complex flows. .

Hydraulic engineering. --- Engineering. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Fluid mechanics. --- Fluids. --- Thermodynamics. --- Heat engineering. --- Heat transfer. --- Mass transfer. --- Heat --- Mechanical engineering --- Thermodynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Mass transport (Physics) --- Transport theory