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Agriculture --- Economic development --- Food supply --- Malnutrition --- Economic aspects --- Econometric models

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This paper examines whether there is a threshold above which financial development no longer has a positive effect on economic growth. We use different empirical approaches to show that there can indeed be "too much" finance. In particular, our results suggest that finance starts having a negative effect on output growth when credit to the private sector reaches 100% of GDP. We show that our results are consistent with the "vanishing effect" of financial development and that they are not driven by output volatility, banking crises, low institutional quality, or by differences in bank regulation and supervision.

Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Finance. --- Economic development. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Funding --- Funds --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Currency question --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Industries: Financial Services --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Economic Development: Financial Markets --- Saving and Capital Investment --- Corporate Finance and Governance --- Financial Aspects of Economic Integration --- Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Financial Institutions and Services: General --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Financial Crises --- Monetary economics --- Financial services law & regulation --- Finance --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Credit --- Financial sector --- Bank supervision --- Financial sector development --- Banking crises --- Money --- Economic sectors --- Financial regulation and supervision --- Financial markets --- Financial crises --- Financial services industry --- Banks and banking --- State supervision --- United States

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This book investigates the relationship between English and personal and national development, as this is both discursively promoted (particularly through language policy) and practically realized in developing societies. It addresses the effects that the increased use of English and the promotion of English-language education are having in developmental contexts, and their impact on broader educational issues, on local language ecologies and on questions of cultural identity. It investigates these issues by drawing together a series of original examinations and case studies by a range of leading scholars working in this burgeoning field. The chapters focus on a variety of contexts from around the world, and the volume as a whole surveys and critiques the positioning and influence of English as a catalyst for development in the 21st century.

Language policy --- English language --- Language and languages --- Study and teaching. --- Study and teaching --- Globalization. --- Variation. --- Political aspects. --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Government policy --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Germanic languages --- Dialects --- Globalization --- Variation --- Political aspects --- E-books --- English language Study and teaching --- Language and languages Political aspects --- English as a lingua franca. --- English language education. --- English language teaching. --- English-medium instruction. --- cultural identity. --- globalisation. --- globalization. --- international development. --- language development. --- language policies. --- local language ecologies.