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This book explains how Latin American countries consolidate economic governance after serious disruptions to their formal and informal policy making routines. It asserts that the process of institutional change that started as a result of such disruptions resulted in complementary institutions, which supported a new consolidated pattern of economic governance. In addition, this work also offers a robust theoretical underpinning to economic governance, independent from performance. Performance figures prominently as a criterion to assess economic governance; however, crises are becoming more frequent and performance does not entirely depend on governments’ actions. This book argues that governance in the economic arena depends on the ability and feasibility of limiting the discretion of vested interests over economic policies insofar as these interests can shift the costs of their actions so the rest of the society bears them. Alejandro Angel is Researcher at Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Political science. --- Economic development. --- Political Science. --- Governance and Government. --- Development Studies. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Latin America --- Economic policy. --- 15.85 history of America. --- Latin America.

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Politics --- Economic order --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Economic conditions. Economic development --- Development aid. Development cooperation --- Public administration --- ontwikkelingsbeleid --- overheid --- politiek --- ontwikkelingssamenwerking --- economische ontwikkelingen --- ontwikkelingspolitiek

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E-Learning has become one of the most wide spread ways of distance teaching and learning. Technologies such as Web, Grid, and Mobile and Wireless networks are pushing teaching and learning communities to find new and intelligent ways of using these technologies to enhance teaching and learning activities. Indeed, these new technologies can play an important role in increasing the support to teachers and learners, to shorten the time to learning and teaching; yet, it is necessary to use intelligent techniques to take advantage of these new technologies to achieve the desired support to teachers and learners and enhance learners' performance in distributed learning environments. The chapters of this volume bring advances in using intelligent techniques for technology enhanced learning as well as development of e-Learning applications based on such techniques and supported by technology. Such intelligent techniques include clustering and classification for personalization of learning, intelligent context-aware techniques, adaptive learning, data mining techniques and ontologies in e-Learning systems, among others. Academics, scientists, software developers, teachers and tutors and students interested in e-Learning will find this book useful for their academic, research and practice activity.

Mathematics --- Applied physical engineering --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Applied marketing --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- toegepaste wiskunde --- e-business --- computers --- economie --- informatiesystemen --- e-commerce --- wiskunde --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- ingenieurswetenschappen