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Seema Alavi challenges the idea that all pan-Islamic configurations are anti-Western or pro-Caliphate. A pan-Islamic intellectual network at the cusp of the British and Ottoman empires became the basis of a global Muslim sensibility—a political and cultural affiliation that competes with ideas of nationhood today as it did in the last century.

Cosmopolitanism --- Political science --- Internationalism

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Islam --- History of human medicine --- History of civilization --- History of Asia --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- South Asia

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India

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History