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Representations of Muslims have never been more common in the Western imagination than they are today. Building on Orientalist stereotypes constructed over centuries, the figure of the wily Arab has given rise, at the dawn of the twenty-first century, to the "Islamist" terrorist. In Idols in the East, Suzanne Conklin Akbari explores the premodern background of some of the Orientalist types still pervasive in present-day depictions of Muslims-the irascible and irrational Arab, the religiously deviant Islamist-and about how these stereotypes developed over time. Idols in the East contributes to the recent surge of interest in European encounters with Islam and the Orient in the premodern world. Focusing on the medieval period, Akbari examines a broad range of texts including encyclopedias, maps, medical and astronomical treatises, chansons de geste, romances, and allegories to paint an unusually diverse portrait of medieval culture. Among the texts she considers are The Book of John Mandeville, The Song of Roland, Parzival, and Dante's Divine Comedy. From them she reveals how medieval writers and readers understood and explained the differences they saw between themselves and the Muslim other.Looking forward, Akbari also comes to terms with how these medieval conceptions fit with modern discussions of Orientalism, thus providing an important theoretical link to postcolonial and postimperial scholarship on later periods. Far reaching in its implications and balanced in its judgments, Idols in the East will be of great interest to not only scholars and students of the Middle Ages but also anyone interested in the roots of Orientalism and its tangled relationship to modern racism and anti-Semitism.

Christianity and other religions --- Islam --- Orientalism --- Islam in literature. --- East and West in literature. --- Orientalism in literature. --- Literature, Medieval --- 297*35 --- 297*35 Islam en het Westen --- Islam en het Westen --- East and West --- Islam. --- Relations --- Christianity. --- History --- History and criticism. --- Europe --- Islamic Empire --- Latin Orient --- East, Latin --- Latin East --- Orient, Latin --- Middle East --- Orient --- Latin Empire, 1204-1261 --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Arab countries --- Arab Empire --- Empire, Islamic --- Muslim Empire --- In literature. --- Islam dans la littérature --- Orient et Occident dans la littérature --- Orientalisme dans la littérature --- Orient latin dans la littérature --- Islam dans la littérature --- Orient et Occident dans la littérature --- Orientalisme dans la littérature --- Orient latin dans la littérature --- East and West in literature --- Islam in literature --- Orientalism in literature --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims --- Relations&delete& --- Christianity --- History and criticism --- Christianisme --- Orientalisme --- Littérature médiévale --- Histoire --- Histoire et critique --- Empire islamique --- Orient latin

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Literature, Medieval --- Comparative literature --- Littérature médiévale --- Littérature comparée --- Arab influences --- Arabic and European --- European and Arabic. --- Influence arabe --- Arabe et européenne --- Européenne et arabe --- Comparative litera. --- Arab influences. --- Littérature médiévale --- Littérature comparée --- Arabe et européenne --- Européenne et arabe

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"What do we do when we read? Reading can be an act of consumption or an act of creation. Our "work reading" overlaps with our "pleasure reading," and yet these two modes of reading engage with different parts of the self. It is sometimes passive, sometimes active, and can even be an embodied form. The contributors to this volume share their own histories of reading in order to reveal the shared pleasure that lies in this most solitary of acts - which is also, paradoxically, the act of most complete plenitude. Many of the contributors engage in academic writing, and several publish in other genres, including poetry and fiction; some contributors maintain an active online presence. All are engaged with reading's capacity to stimulate and excite as well as to frustrate and confuse. The synergies and tensions of online reading and print reading animate these thirteen contributions, generating a sense of shared community. Together, the authors open their libraries to us. This is how we read. Table of Contents // Suzanne Conklin Akbari / "Introduction: Practicing Reading, Reading Practice" Irina Dumitrescu / "Reading Lessons" Anna Wilson / "I Like Knowing What is Going to Happen" Suzanne Conklin Akbari / "Read It Out Loud" Jessica Hammer / "From When We Read" Lochin Brouillard / "De Vita Lochini, or Commentary on a Life of Reading" Chris Piuma / "How I Read" Stephanie Bahr / "How I Read, a History; or 'San Francisco Banking Contains No Trans Fats'" Alexandra Atiya / "Text to Speech" Jonathan Hsy / "Phantom Sounds" Kirsty Schut / "On Not Being a Voracious Reader" Kaitlin Heller / "Sleeping Under the Mountain" Jennifer Jordan / "Reading to Forget, Reading to Remember" Brantley Bryant / "Best Practice Tips and Strategies for Academic Reading to Maximize Your Time and Productivity" Kaitlin Heller / "Afterword: The Parlor Scene""--

Literary studies: general --- Books and reading. --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Choice of books --- Evaluation of literature --- Literature --- Reading, Choice of --- Reading and books --- Reading habits --- Reading public --- Reading --- Reading interests --- Reading promotion --- Appraisal --- Evaluation --- reading --- writing --- libraries --- poetics --- memory --- university life --- literary studies

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The comparative or connected study of localized intellectual traditions poses special challenges to the global turn in medieval studies. How can we enable conversations across language groups and intricate cultural formations, as well as disciplines? Practices of commentary offer a compelling opportunity: their visual layouts reveal assumptions about the relative status of text and gloss, while interpretive interlinear or marginal prompts capture the dynamic relationships among generations of teachers, students, and readers. The material traces of manuscript usage - from hastily scrawled marginal notes to vivid rubrication - illuminate the shared didactic and communicative practices developed within scholarly communities. By bringing together researchers working on specific cultures and discourses across Eurasia, this volume moves toward a global account of premodern commentary traditions.

Literature, Medieval --- History and criticism. --- Buddhist exegesis. --- Byzantine. --- Graeco-Roman. --- Ottoman. --- Sanskrit. --- Sino-Tibetan. --- Sunni. --- Criticism, Medieval.

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Literature --- anno 500-1499