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Fish culture --- Fishes --- Congresses --- Genetics
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Designed to reach the widest possible audience, this volume showcases some of the research projects which best illustrate the commitment of the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) to biodiversity and sustainable development. Among today’s many pressing environmental challenges, protecting biodiversity is probably one of the most complex, since it cannot be understood independently of its interactions with the human societies who live with it, use it, manage it, destroy and, occasionally, protect it. As the examples contained herein demonstrate, biodiversity can no longer be confined by narrow academic boundaries. On the contrary, it is a subject inextricably linked with all of the major dynamics, human and non-human, which shape the global and local changes we currently face. In this respect, the present volume is testament to the commitment demonstrated by IRD and its partners to a vision of scientific endeavour which yields tangible, utilisable knowledge for the Global South, sustainability science in the strongest sense of the term, allowing our planet and its biodiversity to thrive in the long term.
Environmental Studies --- Geography --- biodiversity --- conservation --- deforestation --- nutrition --- climate change --- global health --- ecology --- Afrique --- Asie --- Amérique latine
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Destiné à un large public, cet ouvrage présente les recherches les plus illustratives de l’Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) en faveur de la biodiversité et du développement durable. De tous les grands enjeux environnementaux contemporains, la protection de la biodiversité est sans doute l’un des plus complexes, car cette biodiversité que l’on veut préserver ne peut être appréhendée hors des interactions avec les sociétés humaines qui vivent avec, l’utilisent, la gèrent, la détruisent et la protègent parfois. Ainsi, les exemples qui ponctuent ces pages attestent que la biodiversité ne peut plus être envisagée scientifiquement dans une vision disciplinaire et sectorielle. Elle doit au contraire être croisée avec les principales dynamiques, humaines et non humaines, qui déterminent les changements à la fois globaux et localisés auxquels nous faisons face aujourd’hui. En cela, cet ouvrage témoigne de l’engagement de l’IRD et de ses partenaires pour une science capable de produire des savoirs utiles et mobilisables au Sud, une science de la durabilité au sens fort du terme, qui puisse rendre la Terre durablement vivable.
Environmental studies, Geography & Development --- Geography --- Afrique --- Asie --- Amérique latine --- biodiversité --- conservation --- déforestation --- alimentation --- changement climatique --- santé globale --- écologie
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The equilibrium of inland hydrosystems is presently a cause for concern, with species extinction rates there estimated to be 5 times higher than for terrestrial fauna in the 21st century. Urgent measures must be taken to conserve these ecosystems particularly with regard to fishes, which represent an especially rich and diverse evolutionary heritage. Fishes were long unaffected by human activity on the African continent, but anthropogenic pressure has increased in recent decades. Good management of African continental waters is thus of paramount importance in terms of heritage and economics, as fishes are a vital natural resource for the people in sub-Saharan Africa. In view of biodiversity conservation, African fishes are investigated here as a biological model owing to their enormous ecological and genetic diversity. It is essential to know the ecology and structure of various communities, and to understand the impact of human activity. This book discusses the diversity of environments, the origin and evolution of species, survival and adaptive strategies, the structure of fish communities, and the impact of human activity. It also devotes a section to fisheries and fish culture. This ambitious project summarizes the current state of knowledge on African fishes and their populations, highlighting the mechanisms regulating their equilibrium and the causes contributing to their erosion. It is a reference not just for readers involved in African aquatic environments, but for anyone interested in biodiversity conservation in general.
Environmental Studies --- écologie --- biodiversité --- exploitation des ressources naturelles --- écosystème --- facteur anthropique --- évolution --- pisciculture --- eau continentale --- aquaculture --- faune ichtyologique --- hydrobiologie --- milieu lacustre --- biogéographie --- biodiversity --- biogeography --- water --- ecology --- ecosystem --- evolution --- ressources exploitation --- anthropogenic factor --- hydrobiology
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