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From the deserts of Sudan to the jungles of Colombia, from the streets of Belfast to the mountains of Kurdistan, paramilitaries have appeared in violent conflicts. Ungor presents a comparative and global overview of paramilitarism, showing how states use it to successfully outsource mass political violence against civilians.

Paramilitary forces. --- Paramilitary forces.

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Law of armed conflicts. Humanitarian law --- Criminology. Victimology --- Syria

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The mass killing of Ottoman Armenians is today widely recognized, both within and outside scholarly circles, as an act of genocide. What is less well known, however, is that it took place within a broader context of Ottoman violence against minority groups during and after the First World War. Among those populations decimated were the indigenous Christian Assyrians (also known as Syriacs or Chaldeans) who lived in the borderlands of present-day Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. This volume is the first scholarly edited collection focused on the Assyrian genocide, or "Sayfo" (literally, "sword" in Aramaic), presenting historical, psychological, anthropological, and political perspectives that shed much-needed light on a neglected historical atrocity.

281.81 --- 281.81 Chaldeeuwse Kerk: Oost-Syrische, Assyrische, Perzische christenen --- Chaldeeuwse Kerk: Oost-Syrische, Assyrische, Perzische christenen --- Aramäer. --- Assyrer --- Assyrians --- Assyrians. --- Chaldean Catholics --- Chaldean Catholics. --- Chaldäer. --- Christ. --- Christenverfolgung. --- Ethnic relations. --- Genocide --- Massacres --- Massacres. --- Massaker. --- Ostkirche. --- Syriac Christians --- Syriac Christians. --- Syrische Kirchen. --- Völkermord. --- History --- Religious aspects --- Religious aspects. --- 1900-1999. --- Iran. --- Iraq. --- Osmanisches Reich. --- Turkey --- Turkey. --- Ethnic relations --- Aisors --- East Syrians --- Ethnology --- Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūlī --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Republik Türkei --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Tagduda n Tturk --- TC --- Teki --- Tëreckô --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thú-ngí-khì --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėjė --- Tȯrkiă --- Törkie --- Törkieë --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-gì --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunkī --- Turchî --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Türkei --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkieë --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiyā --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt︠s︡i --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Uturuki --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Република Турска --- Република Турция --- Република Турција --- Турска --- Турцыя --- Турци --- Турци Республики --- Турция --- Турција --- Турций --- Турція --- Турчы Республикæ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Турк --- Туркань республиксь --- Туркамастор --- Турецька Республіка --- Турецка Республіка --- Турецкая Республика --- Туреччина --- Тюрк --- Тюрк Республика --- Тюркия --- Тюркия Республика --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- תורכיה --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- טערקיי --- טורקיה --- تركيا --- جمهورية التركية --- トルコ --- トルコ共和国 --- 土耳其 --- 土耳其共和國 --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국