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Human-computer interaction --- Human-machine systems --- Cognitive science --- Situational awareness --- Decision support systems --- Human behavior --- Systems engineering --- Cognitive science. --- Decision support systems. --- Human behavior. --- Human-computer interaction. --- Human-machine systems. --- Situational awareness. --- Systems engineering.

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Situational awareness. --- Psychology, Military. --- Iraq War, 2003-2011 --- Command of troops --- Combat --- Logistics. --- Equipment and supplies. --- Psychological aspects.

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Introduction : La qualité des soins et la sécurité du patient ont été décrites comme des enjeux majeurs dans le monde de la santé. Les compétences non techniques sont régulièrement identifiées comme faisant défaut lors de la retranscription des faits qui ont mené à des évènements indésirables liés aux soins. Dans cet ensemble, c’est la conscience situationnelle qui a été sélectionnée comme sujet principal de l’étude. Après une revue de la littérature, l’échelle SAGAT est admise comme le gold standard pour l’évaluation de cette capacité. Parmi les différentes solutions mises en évidence, le TeamSTEPPS est un programme développé dans le but d’optimiser les facteurs non techniques. L’objectif de l’étude est donc d’améliorer la conscience situationnelle, sous le postulat que cela améliorera la performance des soignants lorsqu’ils font face à une situation aigue.
Matériel et méthodes : 30 individus travaillant dans le service des soins intensifs sur le site de Mont-Godinne du CHU UCL Namur sont sélectionnés. Ils constituent 10 groupes, composés chacun d’un médecin et de 2 infirmiers. La moitié des équipes subissent l’intervention, une mini-session de cours issu du programme TeamSTEPPS, sur le module spécifique de monitorage de la situation. Les 5 autres groupes ne reçoivent quant à eux pas d’intervention. La conscience situationnelle de chaque individu est évaluée grâce à des échelles SAGAT. Celles-ci sont administrées lors de séances de simulation avant et après l’intervention. Les scores sont ensuite analysés et comparés sur le plan statistique.
Résultats : Les équipes qui ont suivi la mini session de cours augmentent leurs niveaux de conscience situationnelle en moyenne de 5%, en comparaison aux groupes n’ayant pas subi l’intervention. Les valeurs ne sont toutefois pas statistiquement significatives (P = 0,2). Les modèles de régression linéaires dévoilent des résultats similaires (simple, beta = 6,3%, P = 0,2 ; multiple, beta = 8,4%, P = 0,3).
Conclusion : Le TeamSTEPPS semble améliorer le niveau de conscience situationnelle des individus ayant suivi le programme. Toutefois, les valeurs décelées ne permettent pas d’affirmer de certitudes sur le plan statistique, et donc scientifique. Des études supplémentaires, multicentriques et avec des échantillons plus importants sont nécessaires. Introduction : Quality of care and patient safety have been described as major issues in the healthcare world. Non-technical skills are regularly identified as lacking in the transcription of events leading to adverse events in healthcare. In this context, situational awareness was selected as the main focus of the study. After a review of the literature, the SAGAT scale was accepted as the gold standard for assessing this ability. Among the various solutions identified, TeamSTEPPS is a program developed to optimize non-technical factors. The aim of the study is therefore to improve situational awareness, on the assumption that this will improve caregivers' performance when faced with an acute situation.
Materials and methods : 30 individuals working in the intensive care unit at the Mont-Godinne site of CHU UCL Namur were selected. They form 10 groups, each comprising a doctor and 2 nurses. Half of the teams undergo the intervention, a mini-course from the TeamSTEPPS program, on the specific situation monitoring module. The other 5 groups receive no intervention. Each individual's situational awareness is assessed using SAGAT scales. These are administered during simulation sessions before and after the intervention. Scores are then analyzed and statistically compared.
Results : Teams who attended the mini-course increased their levels of situational awareness by an average of 5%, compared with groups who did not undergo the intervention. However, the values were not statistically significant (P = 0.2). Linear regression models revealed similar results (simple, beta = 6.3%, P = 0.2; multiple, beta = 8.4%, P = 0.3).
Conclusion : TeamSTEPPS appears to improve the level of situational awareness of individuals who have completed the program. However, the values detected do not allow us to assert statistical, and therefore scientific, certainties. Further multi-center studies with larger sample sizes are required.

conscience situationnelle --- TeamSTEPPS --- médecins --- infirmiers --- soins de réanimation --- situational awareness --- physicians --- nurses --- critical care --- Sciences de la santé humaine > Santé publique, services médicaux & soins de santé

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"Having an accurate understanding of what is going on is a key commodity for teams working within military systems. 'Situation awareness' (SA) is the term that is used within human factors circles to describe the level of awareness that operators have of the situation that they are engaged in; it focuses on how operators develop and maintain a sufficient understanding of 'what is going on' in order to achieve success in task performance. Over the past two decades, the construct has become a fundamental theme within the areas of system design and evaluation and has received considerable attention from the human factors research community. Despite this, there is still considerable debate over how SA operates in complex collaborative systems and how SA achievement and maintenance is best supported through system, procedure and interface design. This book focuses on the recently developed concept of distributed situation awareness, which takes a systems perspective on the concept and moves the focus on situation awareness out of the heads of individual operators and on to the overall joint cognitive system consisting of human and technological agents. Situation awareness is viewed as an emergent property of collaborative systems, something that resides in the interaction between elements of the system and not in the heads of individual operators working in that system. The first part of the book presents a comprehensive review and critique of existing SA theory and measurement approaches, following which a novel model for complex collaborative systems, the distributed SA model, and a new modelling procedure, the propositional network approach, are outlined and demonstrated. The next part focuses on real-world applications of the model and modelling procedure, and presents four case studies undertaken in the land warfare, multinational warfare and energy distribution domains. Each case study is described in terms of the domain in question, the methodology employed, and the findings derived in relation to situation awareness theory. The third and final part of the book then concentrates on theoretical development, and uses the academic literature and the findings from the case study applications to validate and extend the distributed SA model described at the beginning of the book. In closing, the utility of the distributed SA model and modeling procedure are outlined and a series of initial guidelines for supporting distributed SA through system design are articulated."--Provided by publisher.

Command and control systems - Evaluation. --- Cooperativeness - Evaluation. --- Group decision making - Evaluation. --- Psychology, Military. --- Situational awareness - Measurement. --- Teams in the workplace - Evaluation. --- Command and control systems --- Psychology, Military --- Situational awareness --- Group decision making --- Cooperativeness --- Teams in the workplace --- Military Administration --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Evaluation --- Measurement --- Evaluation. --- Measurement. --- Groups, Work --- Team building in the workplace --- Team work in the workplace --- Teambuilding in the workplace --- Teams, Work --- Teamwork in the workplace --- Work groups --- Work teams --- Cooperation (Psychology) --- Collective decision making --- Decision-making, Group --- Situation awareness --- SA (Cognitive psychology) --- Military psychology --- Control and command systems --- Systems, Command and control --- Social groups --- Work environment --- Social psychology --- Decision making --- Awareness --- Human engineering --- Psychology, Applied --- Sociology, Military --- Military morale --- Operational psychology --- Communications, Military --- Sociotechnical systems --- Precision guided munitions --- E-books --- 875.1 Onderzoek en ontwikkeling

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Situation (Philosophy) --- Existentialism --- 141.32 --- 1 MARCEL, GABRIEL --- 1 SARTRE, JEAN-PAUL --- 1 DE BEAUVOIR, SIMONE --- 1 MERLEAU-PONTY, MAURICE --- Existentialism. --- Ontology --- Philosophy --- Relativity --- Existenzphilosophie --- Phenomenology --- Philosophy, Modern --- Epiphanism --- Relationism --- Self --- Existentialisme. Fenomenologie --- Filosofie. Psychologie--MARCEL, GABRIEL --- Filosofie. Psychologie--SARTRE, JEAN-PAUL --- Filosofie. Psychologie--DE BEAUVOIR, SIMONE --- Filosofie. Psychologie--MERLEAU-PONTY, MAURICE --- 1 MERLEAU-PONTY, MAURICE Filosofie. Psychologie--MERLEAU-PONTY, MAURICE --- 1 DE BEAUVOIR, SIMONE Filosofie. Psychologie--DE BEAUVOIR, SIMONE --- 1 SARTRE, JEAN-PAUL Filosofie. Psychologie--SARTRE, JEAN-PAUL --- 1 MARCEL, GABRIEL Filosofie. Psychologie--MARCEL, GABRIEL --- 141.32 Existentialisme. Fenomenologie --- Situational awareness.