Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book, a printed edition of the Special Issue Soil Nitrogen Supply: Linking Plant Available N to Ecosystem Functions and Productivity, presents thoughtful research papers that will advance our understanding of this fascinating topic. New knowledge about modeling and the impact of cover crops, crop residues, soil amendment, and other management practices is presented in the context of agricultural and urban ecosystems.

Technology: general issues --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- nitrification inhibitors --- soil type --- CO2 and N2O emissions --- soil nitrogen dynamic --- winter malting barley --- malting quality indices --- summer cover crops --- sunn hemp --- crimson clover --- seeding rate --- nitrogen management --- aerobic incubation --- CO2 production --- microbial metabolism --- enzyme activities --- active biomass --- gross mineralization/immobilization --- Bradyrhizobium --- attachment --- root --- biofilm --- lectin --- soybean --- soil --- hydrophobicity --- Brassica napus --- natural variation --- nitrogen nutrition --- root system architecture --- nitrogen --- miscanthus --- willow --- field experiment --- lettuce --- plant-based amendment --- rhizosphere --- rainfall simulator --- nutrient runoff --- ammonium --- nitrate --- nitrogen use efficiency --- biochar --- total nitrogen --- soil organic carbon --- nitrogen mineralization --- nitrification --- turfgrass --- residential landscapes --- landscape patches --- urban soils --- perennial peanut --- urban landscapes --- N mineralization --- C/N ratio --- crop residue --- N availability --- NBPT --- nitrification inhibitor --- half-life --- degradation rate constant --- nitrogen leaching --- autumn tillage --- no-till --- lysimeter --- field experiment network --- soil nitrogen mineralization --- soil properties --- cropping system --- modeling --- STICS model

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Bioactive compounds and drugs are designed and screened on the basis of specific molecular targets as well as via the identification of active ingredients from traditional medicine or by serendipitous discovery. The development of novel therapeutic strategies not only requires a deep knowledge of the molecular processes and the cellular pathways involved in each pathological condition and disease, but also the specific protein targets and the effects of drug binding on protein conformation and activity. Understanding of how drugs can modify and modulate specific cellular pathways and functions will be helpful during the process of drug development and clinical trials.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- serum half-life extension --- fatty acid conjugation --- FcRn-mediated recycling --- serum albumin --- translocator protein (TSPO) --- CoCl2 --- mitochondrial membrane potential --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- cell viability --- cell death --- lung cancer cell line --- acetylcholinesterase --- amyloid beta aggregation --- neuroprotection --- molecular docking --- multi-target drug --- structure–activity relationship --- brassicasterol --- phytosterols --- HSV --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- HSV-1 DNA polymerase --- HSV-1 TK --- human CDK2 --- ACE --- UDP-galactopyranose mutase --- heat shock protein 70 --- Hsp70 --- piperine --- fluorescence spectroscopy --- molecular dynamics --- molecular biophysics --- GADD45β --- MKK7 --- multiple myeloma --- protein-ligand interaction --- STD-NMR --- sigma receptors --- sigma ligands --- cancer --- SIGMAR1 --- PGRMC1 --- TMEM97 --- NCI60 COMPARE analysis --- membrane --- lipid-protein interaction --- lipid signalling --- kinase regulation --- phosphatidylinositols --- molecular docking simulation --- target identification --- small-molecule derivatives of salicylanilide --- drug discovery --- drug development --- thyroid diseases --- endocrine disruptor compound --- human umbilical artery --- vascular homeostasis

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Targeted therapy has developed significantly in the last one and half decades, prescribing specific medications for treatment of particular diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. One of the most exciting recent developments in targeted therapies was the isolation of disease-specific molecules from natural resources, such as animal venoms and plant metabolites/toxins, for use as templates for new drug motif designs. In addition, the study of venom proteins/peptides and toxins naturally targeted mammalian receptors and demonstrated high specificity and selectivity towards defined ion channels of cell membranes. Research has also focsed intensely on receptors. The focus of this Special Issue of Toxins addressed the most recent advances using animal venoms, such as frog secretions, bee/ant venoms and plant/fungi toxins, as medicinal therapy. Recent advances in venom/toxin/immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapy and immunotherapy, along with using novel disease-specific venom-based protein/peptide/toxin and currently available FDA-approved drugs for combinationtreatments will be discussed. Finally, we included an overview of select promising toad/snake venom-based peptides/toxins potentially able to address the forthcoming challenges in this field. Both research and review articles proposing novelties or overviews, respectively, were published in this Special Issue after rigorous evaluation and revision by expert peer reviewers.

cane toad --- n/a --- B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma --- Malaysian cobras --- complement system --- decay accelerating factor --- neuroblastoma --- atopic dermatitis --- complement dependent cytotoxicity --- antioxidant enzymes --- bacterial adhesion --- cancer therapy --- N. kaouthia --- anuran skin secretion --- frog --- Apis mellifera syriaca --- solid phase extraction --- bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) --- disintegrin --- toad toxins --- immunotoxins --- ribosome-inactivating proteins --- antimicrobial peptide (AMP) --- drug design --- Moxetumomab pasudotox --- snake venom --- antiviral activity --- in vitro effects --- bombesin-related peptide --- oxidative stress biomarkers --- half-life --- blood vessel formation --- target therapy --- 2 --- MYCN --- indolealkylamines --- Huachansu --- membrane attack complex --- bouganin --- bee venom --- SEM --- anticancer activity --- antimicrobial peptide --- house dust mite extract (DFE) --- mannose receptor --- O. hannah --- bicarinalin --- gastric cells --- melittin --- LC-ESI-MS --- dermaseptin --- smooth muscle --- apoptosis --- anticancer --- N. sumatrana --- Helicobacter pylori --- inflammation --- immunotherapy --- atopic dermatitis (AD) --- immunotoxin --- mantle cell lymphoma --- clearance --- mass spectrometry --- Bougainvillea --- rRNA N-glycosylase activity --- fungal toxin --- skin inflammation --- targeted therapy --- 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) --- Bee venom --- VEGF --- Chansu --- bufadienolides --- obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) --- BLF1 --- antimicrobial activity --- orellanine --- VB6-845 --- acute lymphoblastic leukemia --- ribosome-inactivating protein --- CD206 --- molecular cloning --- cancer --- CD22 --- eIF4A --- obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)