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La présence d'hémoglobine libre dans le plasma (cas des substituts érythrocitaires à base d'hémoglobine (HBOCs) ou de lyse érythrocytaire intravasculaire) est à l'origine d'une hypertension vasculaire aux conséquences sévères quant au maintien de l'irrigation et de l'oxégynation de certains territoires cellulaires. L'objectif de notre travail est de rechercher les mécanismes par lesquels l'hémoglobine libre induit des effets secondaires d'ordre hémodynamique et oxydatif. Pour cela, nous avons étudié l'interaction de l'hémoglobine libre avec les différents mécanismes de régulation du système vasculaire chez le cobaye au moyen d'un échange transfusionnel isovolémique à 50% avec un HBOC ( hémoglobine humaine conjuguée) ou avec une hémoglobine humaine native. Une première partie de notre travail présente l'étude de l"interaction de l'hémoglobine libre avec les tissus de la paroi vasculaire. Elle nous a permis d'établir une relation entre la distribution de l'hémoglobine libre dans l'endothélium et l'induction de l'hypertension artérielle. Par contre, une invasion de la paroi vasculaire a été constatée par la suite, alors que la pression artérielle moyenne retournait à sa valeur initiale. Ces résultats nous ont amené à rechercher les mécanismes par lesquels l'hémoglobine parvenait à pénétrer dans la paroi vasculaire. Nous avons ainsi montré que pour l'hémoglobine de haut poids moléculaire le mécanisme d'endocytase et non celui d'apoptose est impliqué dans la pénétration de cette hémoglobine dans la paroi vasculaire. Une deuxième partie de notre travail présente l'étude de l'interaction de l'hémoglobine libre avec les "acteurs" du tonus vasomoteur. Dans cette étude, nous avons montré que l'anion supéroxyde joue un rôle clé et décisif dans l'effet presseur induit par l'Hb-Dex-BTC dans le plasma. Cet effet presseur fait intervenir d'autres agents et systèmes qui participent à son induction et son maintien tels que le NO et les systèmes : endothéline, rénine-angiotensine et catécholamine. L'ensemble de ce travail souligne l'implication de la plupart des mécanismes de régulation du tonus vasculaire dans l'hypertension induite par l'hémoglobine libre, et par conséquent la difficulté à juguler cet effet secondaire pour l'avenir des HBOCs et la transfusion ou dans le cas des thérapies des hémolyses aiguës.
Hypertension --- Hemoglobins. --- Plasma. --- Hypertension --- Hemoglobin --- Blood plasma --- Hypertension artérielle --- Hémoglobine --- Plasma --- etiology.
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Blood --- Blood plasma --- Medical instruments and apparatus --- Collection and preservation --- Government policy --- Government policy --- Government policy
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Blood donors. --- Blood plasma --- Leucocytes --- Hepatitis associated antigen. --- Hepatitis B --- Testing. --- Prevention.
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Blood donors --- Blood plasma --- Blood --- Health and hygiene --- Safety measures. --- Collection and preservation
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Plasma products --- Blood plasma --- Blood --- Safety measures. --- Collection and preservation --- United States.
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Blood plasma substitutes --- Blood --- Dextran --- Blood Substitutes --- Plasma Substitutes --- Congresses --- Transfusion --- Congresses --- Congresses
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Blood substitutes are solutions designed for use in patients who need blood transfusions, but for whom whole blood is not available, or is not safe. This interest has intensified in the wake of the AIDS and hepatitis C epidemics. Blood Substitutes describes the rationale, current approaches, clinical efficacy, and design issues for all blood substitutes now in clinical trials. The many summary diagrams and tables help make the book accessible to readers such as surgeons and blood bankers, who have less technical expertise than the biochemists and hematologists who are designing and test
Blood substitutes. --- Blood plasma substitutes. --- Blood expanders --- Plasma substitutes --- Plasma volume expanders --- Blood plasma --- Hematologic agents --- Artificial blood --- Erythrocyte substitutes --- Hemoglobin substitutes --- Oxygen-transport fluids (Hematology) --- Red cell substitutes --- Synthetic blood --- Blood products --- Transfusion-free surgery
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Short non-coding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs), post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in living cells. In recent years, miRNAs have been found in a wide spectrum of mammalian body fluids including blood plasma, saliva, urine, milk, seminal plasma, tears and amniotic fluid as extracellular circulating nuclease-resistant entities. The changes in miRNA spectra observed in certain fluids correlated with various pathological conditions suggesting that extracellular miRNAs can serve as informative biomarkers for certain diseases including cancer. However, the mechanism of generation and a biological role of extracellular miRNAs remain unclear. The current theories regarding extracellular miRNA origin and function suggest that these miRNAs can be either non-specific 'by-products' of cellular activity and cell death or specifically released cell-cell signaling messengers. The goal of this Research Topic is to bring together up-to-date knowledge about the extracellular miRNA and its role in disease diagnostics and, possibly, inter-cellular communication.
MicroRNA. --- Blood plasma. --- Blood --- Genetics. --- Epigenetics. --- Hematologic Diseases --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Diseases. --- extracellular miRNA --- exosomal miRNA --- blood plasma --- blood serum --- circulating miRNA --- Argonaute Proteins --- cell-cell communication --- biological fluids
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Blood plasma. --- Blood platelets --- Transfusion. --- Blood platelet transfusion --- Platelet transfusion --- Transfusion of blood platelets --- Blood --- Plasma (Blood) --- Serum --- Plasma
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Short non-coding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs), post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in living cells. In recent years, miRNAs have been found in a wide spectrum of mammalian body fluids including blood plasma, saliva, urine, milk, seminal plasma, tears and amniotic fluid as extracellular circulating nuclease-resistant entities. The changes in miRNA spectra observed in certain fluids correlated with various pathological conditions suggesting that extracellular miRNAs can serve as informative biomarkers for certain diseases including cancer. However, the mechanism of generation and a biological role of extracellular miRNAs remain unclear. The current theories regarding extracellular miRNA origin and function suggest that these miRNAs can be either non-specific 'by-products' of cellular activity and cell death or specifically released cell-cell signaling messengers. The goal of this Research Topic is to bring together up-to-date knowledge about the extracellular miRNA and its role in disease diagnostics and, possibly, inter-cellular communication.
MicroRNA. --- Blood plasma. --- Blood --- Genetics. --- Epigenetics. --- Hematologic Diseases --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- extracellular miRNA --- exosomal miRNA --- blood plasma --- blood serum --- circulating miRNA --- Argonaute Proteins --- cell-cell communication --- biological fluids --- Diseases. --- extracellular miRNA --- exosomal miRNA --- blood plasma --- blood serum --- circulating miRNA --- Argonaute Proteins --- cell-cell communication --- biological fluids