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Given this pervasiveness and importance of miRNA-mediated gene regulation, it should come as little surprise that miRNAs themselves are also highly regulated. However, the recent explosion of knowledge on this topic has been remarkable, providing a primary motivation for publication of this book. As miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, the enzyme that also generates mRNAs, it was perhaps not unexpected that miRNA transcription would be subject to regulation, and we have willfully mitted this aspect from this monograph. However, what has been unexpected is the extent of post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs that is illustrated in this book.

Gene Expression Regulation -- genetics. --- Genetic regulation. --- MicroRNAs -- genetics. --- Small interfering RNA. --- Small interfering RNA --- Genetic regulation --- Biology --- RNA, Antisense --- Genetic Processes --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- RNA, Untranslated --- Biological Science Disciplines --- RNA --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- Genetic Phenomena --- Nucleic Acids --- Phenomena and Processes --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Genetics --- MicroRNAs --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Gene expression --- Gene expression regulation --- Gene regulation --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Regulation --- Life sciences. --- Human genetics. --- Biochemistry. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biomedicine general. --- Human Genetics. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Composition --- Biosynthesis --- Cellular control mechanisms --- Molecular genetics --- Antisense RNA --- Medicine. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.

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This volume explores microRNA function in a wide array of human disorders, providing a clinical basis for precision medicine and personalized therapies using these molecules. The twenty-one chapters, all authored by internationally-renowned experts, open with an introduction contextualizing microRNA manipulation within today’s initiatives towards precision medicine. The following chapters explore the clinical role of microRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, focusing on mitochondrial fitness, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, diabetic kidney disease, and kidney transplantation. The subsequent chapters discuss the importance of microRNAs in the wound healing process and in skin disease, in the pathogenesis of allergy, in human ovulation, and in infection. The book concludes with chapters  which outline the emerging role of microRNAS in doping and detail microRNA profiling. microRNA: Medical Evidence is an ideal companion to both microRNA: Basic Science and microRNA: Cancer. Taken together, these three books provide a state-of-the-art overview of this rapidly-expanding and fascinating field, from the molecular level to clinical practice. It will be invaluable to medical students, physicians, and researchers, as a complete and unique guide in the exploration of microRNA in basic science, cancer and clinical practice.

Biophysics --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Small interfering RNA. --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Molecular biology. --- Biochemistry. --- Cell physiology. --- Atomic structure. --- Molecular structure. --- Spectra. --- Biomedicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cell Physiology. --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Human Physiology. --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Structure, Molecular --- Chemical structure --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Cell function --- Cytology --- Physiology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Human biology --- Human body --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Qualitative --- Composition --- Antisense RNA --- Health Workforce --- Atomic structure  . --- Molecular structure . --- Medicine—Research. --- Biology—Research. --- Cytology. --- Atomic structure . --- Biomedical Research. --- Cell Biology. --- Atomic and Molecular Structure and Properties. --- Chemical Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells

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RNA interference has become a key method in the suppression of gene expression and the development of therapeutic agents, yet there is still the problem of delivery, stability, and the danger of off-target effects such as the silencing of unwanted genes and activation of innate immunity. In siRNA and miRNA Gene Silencing: From Bench to Bedside, expert researchers explore the most recent advances in siRNA design, expression, delivery, in vivo imaging, and methods to minimize siRNA's unwanted effects and promote successful use in patients. As part of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series, the chapters focus on their respective subjects with easy-to-use, up-to-date information, including several step-by-step laboratory protocols on topics such as new delivery formulations and strategies with promising applications in vitro and in vivo, validated therapeutic target genes, and components of miRNA function, biogenesis, and interference with virus infection. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, siRNA and miRNA Gene Silencing: From Bench to Bedside offers an excellent collection of chapters to aid all those with an interest in RNAi, gene regulation, and new therapies.

RNA, Small Interfering --- MicroRNAs --- Gene Silencing. --- RNA, Small Interfering. --- Small interfering RNA --- Gene silencing. --- Petits ARN interférents --- Inactivation génétique --- therapeutic use. --- MicroRNA. --- Small interfering RNA. --- Antisense RNA. --- Gene silencing --- RNA, Antisense --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- Epigenesis, Genetic --- RNA --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- RNA, Untranslated --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Gene Silencing --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genetic Processes --- Nucleic Acids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Petits ARN interférents --- Inactivation génétique --- Genetic Concepts --- Genetic Phenomenon --- Genetic Process --- Concept, Genetic --- Concepts, Genetic --- Genetic Concept --- Phenomena, Genetic --- Phenomenon, Genetic --- Process, Genetic --- Processes, Genetic --- Acids, Nucleic --- Gene Inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- Micro RNA --- MicroRNA --- Primary MicroRNA --- Primary miRNA --- miRNAs --- pre-miRNA --- pri-miRNA --- RNA, Small Temporal --- Small Temporal RNA --- miRNA --- stRNA --- MicroRNA, Primary --- RNA, Micro --- Temporal RNA, Small --- miRNA, Primary --- pre miRNA --- pri miRNA --- Short Hairpin RNA --- Short Interfering RNA --- Small Hairpin RNA --- Small Interfering RNA --- piRNA --- scnRNA --- shRNA --- tasiRNA --- Piwi-Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi-Interacting --- RNA, Scan --- Repeat-Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA --- Small Scan RNA --- Trans-Acting siRNA --- siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat-Associated --- siRNA, Trans-Acting --- Hairpin RNA, Short --- Hairpin RNA, Small --- Interfering RNA, Short --- Interfering RNA, Small --- Piwi Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi Interacting --- RNA, Short Hairpin --- RNA, Short Interfering --- RNA, Small Hairpin --- RNA, Small Scan --- Repeat Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA, Small --- Trans Acting siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat Associated --- siRNA, Trans Acting --- Expression Regulation, Gene --- Regulation, Gene Action --- Regulation, Gene Expression --- Gene Action Regulation --- Regulation of Gene Expression --- Noncoding RNA --- RNA, Non-Coding --- RNA, Non-Peptide-Coding --- RNA, Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Noncoding --- RNA, Nontranslated --- npcRNA --- Non-Coding RNA --- Non-Peptide-Coding RNA --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Nontranslated RNA --- RNA, Non Coding --- RNA, Non Peptide Coding --- RNA, Non Protein Coding --- Untranslated RNA --- Anti-Sense Elements --- Anti-Sense Probes --- Antisense Probes --- Anti Sense Elements --- Anti Sense Probes --- Elements, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Antisense --- Gene Products, RNA --- Non-Polyadenylated RNA --- RNA, Non-Polyadenylated --- Ribonucleic Acid --- Acid, Ribonucleic --- Non Polyadenylated RNA --- RNA Gene Products --- RNA, Non Polyadenylated --- Epigenetic Process --- Epigenetics Processes --- Epigenetic Processes --- Genetic Epigenesis --- Process, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetics --- Short Noncoding RNA --- Small Non-Coding RNA --- Small Non-Messenger RNA --- Small Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Small Noncoding RNA --- Small Untranslated RNA --- sncRNA --- sncRNAs --- Non-Coding RNA, Small --- Non-Messenger RNA, Small --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA, Small --- Noncoding RNA, Short --- Noncoding RNA, Small --- RNA, Short Noncoding --- RNA, Small Non-Coding --- RNA, Small Non-Messenger --- RNA, Small Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Small Noncoding --- Small Non Coding RNA --- Small Non Messenger RNA --- Small Non Protein Coding RNA --- Untranslated RNA, Small --- Anti-Sense RNA --- Antisense RNA --- Anti Sense RNA --- RNA, Anti-Sense --- Gene inactivation --- Complementary RNA --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- miRNA (MicroRNA) --- pre-miRNA (Pre-MicroRNA) --- pri-miRNA (Primary MicroRNA) --- Small temporal RNA --- stRNA (Small temporal RNA) --- Biochemistry. --- Human genetics. --- Gene expression. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Human Genetics. --- Gene Expression. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Genes --- Genetic regulation --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Composition --- Expression

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The field of microRNA biology is really emerging in the last couple of years. Several investigators highlighted the importance of miRNAs in cancer. Although there is so much literature on microRNAs exist, a comprehensive book is still not available. Thus this book will be a great use to the scientists in the field of cancer biology. In addition, this book will be a good source of information for undergraduate, graduate students who want to develop their research careers in cancer biology.

Cancer -- Genetic aspects. --- Computational Biology. --- MicroRNA. --- Neoplasms -- etiology. --- Cancer --- Non-coding RNA --- Genetic regulation --- Diseases --- Gene Expression Regulation --- RNA, Antisense --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- RNA, Untranslated --- RNA --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- Genetic Processes --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genetic Phenomena --- Nucleic Acids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Phenomena and Processes --- MicroRNAs --- Neoplasms --- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic --- Medicine --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Genetic aspects --- Small interfering RNA. --- Cancer. --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Gene expression. --- Medical genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Gene Expression. --- Gene Function. --- Cancer Research. --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- Antisense RNA --- Oncology. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Clinical genetics --- Heredity of disease --- Human genetics --- Genetic disorders --- Genes --- Expression --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general. --- Cancer research --- Non-coding RNA. --- MicroRNA --- Genetic aspects. --- Micro RNA --- miRNA (MicroRNA) --- pre-miRNA (Pre-MicroRNA) --- pri-miRNA (Primary MicroRNA) --- Primary MicroRNA --- Primary miRNA --- Small temporal RNA --- stRNA (Small temporal RNA) --- Gene expression --- Gene expression regulation --- Gene regulation --- Biosynthesis --- Cellular control mechanisms --- Molecular genetics --- fRNA --- Functional RNA --- ncRNA --- nmRNA --- Non-messenger RNA --- Non-translated RNA --- Noncoding RNA --- Nontranslated RNA --- Small non-messenger RNA --- Small RNA --- snmRNA --- sRNA --- Untranslated RNA --- Cancer genetics --- Cancer genes --- Regulation

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RNA interference (RNAi), in which RNA silences RNA, is the most recent discovery to revolutionize the study of biology. In RNAi: Design and Applications, leaders in the field contribute state-of-the-art, easy to follow methods and bench protocols designed for practical, everyday use of RNAi in biological research. Divided into two parts, this comprehensive volume covers fundamentals including designs of RNAi, biochemical assay protocols for the major components of RNAi, and study of potential off-target effects, followed by an extensive section covering various applications of RNAi in diverse model organisms and systems, from antiviral and anticancer applications to altering flower color in plants. Cutting edge and clearly written, RNAi: Design and Applications enables a researcher with standard molecular biological training to perform major RNAi-related experiments and contribute to this revolutionary, growing field.

Gene silencing --- Genetic techniques --- Rna interference --- Rna, small interfering --- Small interfering rna --- Small interfering RNA --- Gene Silencing --- RNA, Small Interfering --- Genetic Techniques --- Laboratory Manuals --- RNA Interference --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- Investigative Techniques --- Epigenesis, Genetic --- RNA, Antisense --- Publication Formats --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- RNA, Untranslated --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Publication Characteristics --- Gene Expression Regulation --- RNA --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genetic Processes --- Nucleic Acids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gene Products, RNA --- Non-Polyadenylated RNA --- RNA, Non-Polyadenylated --- Ribonucleic Acid --- Acid, Ribonucleic --- Non Polyadenylated RNA --- RNA Gene Products --- RNA, Non Polyadenylated --- Expression Regulation, Gene --- Regulation, Gene Action --- Regulation, Gene Expression --- Gene Action Regulation --- Regulation of Gene Expression --- Anti-Sense RNA --- Antisense RNA --- Anti Sense RNA --- RNA, Anti-Sense --- Epigenetic Process --- Epigenetics Processes --- Epigenetic Processes --- Genetic Epigenesis --- Process, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetics --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Short Noncoding RNA --- Small Non-Coding RNA --- Small Non-Messenger RNA --- Small Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Small Noncoding RNA --- Small Untranslated RNA --- sncRNA --- sncRNAs --- Non-Coding RNA, Small --- Non-Messenger RNA, Small --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA, Small --- Noncoding RNA, Short --- Noncoding RNA, Small --- RNA, Short Noncoding --- RNA, Small Non-Coding --- RNA, Small Non-Messenger --- RNA, Small Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Small Noncoding --- Small Non Coding RNA --- Small Non Messenger RNA --- Small Non Protein Coding RNA --- Untranslated RNA, Small --- Co-Suppression --- Cosuppression --- Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing --- RNA Silencing --- RNAi --- Gene Silencing, Post-Transcriptional --- Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing --- Co Suppression --- Gene Silencing, Post Transcriptional --- Gene Silencing, Posttranscriptional --- Gene Silencings, Posttranscriptional --- Interference, RNA --- Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing --- Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencings --- Silencing, Post-Transcriptional Gene --- Genetic Technic --- Genetic Technics --- Genetic Technique --- Technic, Genetic --- Technics, Genetic --- Technique, Genetic --- Techniques, Genetic --- Genetics --- Short Hairpin RNA --- Short Interfering RNA --- Small Hairpin RNA --- Small Interfering RNA --- piRNA --- scnRNA --- shRNA --- tasiRNA --- Piwi-Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi-Interacting --- RNA, Scan --- Repeat-Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA --- Small Scan RNA --- Trans-Acting siRNA --- siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat-Associated --- siRNA, Trans-Acting --- Hairpin RNA, Short --- Hairpin RNA, Small --- Interfering RNA, Short --- Interfering RNA, Small --- Piwi Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi Interacting --- RNA, Short Hairpin --- RNA, Short Interfering --- RNA, Small Hairpin --- RNA, Small Scan --- Repeat Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA, Small --- Trans Acting siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat Associated --- siRNA, Trans Acting --- Gene Inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Genetic Concepts --- Genetic Phenomenon --- Genetic Process --- Concept, Genetic --- Concepts, Genetic --- Genetic Concept --- Phenomena, Genetic --- Phenomenon, Genetic --- Process, Genetic --- Processes, Genetic --- Acids, Nucleic --- Noncoding RNA --- RNA, Non-Coding --- RNA, Non-Peptide-Coding --- RNA, Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Noncoding --- RNA, Nontranslated --- npcRNA --- Non-Coding RNA --- Non-Peptide-Coding RNA --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Nontranslated RNA --- RNA, Non Coding --- RNA, Non Peptide Coding --- RNA, Non Protein Coding --- Untranslated RNA --- Anti-Sense Elements --- Anti-Sense Probes --- Antisense Probes --- Anti Sense Elements --- Anti Sense Probes --- Elements, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Antisense --- methods --- Biochemistry. --- Human genetics. --- Medicine. --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Human Genetics. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Health Workforce --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Composition