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This Special Issue provides 15 research articles and 4 comprehensive review articles on various aspects of plant–metal/metalloid interactions. - Up-to-date information on plant responses to metals/metalloids are published. - Various mechanisms of plant tolerance to metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are presented. - Exogenous applications of mitigating metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are discussed. - Sustainable technologies in growing plants in metal/metalloid-contaminated environments are discussed. - Phytoremediation techniques for the remediation of metals/metalloids are discussed.

metal stress --- toxicity --- silicon --- Si-fertilization --- genomics --- transporter genes --- cadmium toxicity --- oxidative stress --- antioxidative defense system --- photosynthetic pigments --- environmental pollution --- phytoextraction --- cadmium --- biostimulation --- oxidative damage --- metal toxicity --- sulphur nutrition --- stress mitigation --- cation exchange capacity --- glutathione --- agriculture --- Cd stress --- environmental --- gene expression --- PGPB --- switchgrass --- P. fasciculatum --- heavy metals --- tolerant plant --- protein carbonylation --- photosynthesis proteins --- mining soils --- thiols --- phenolic metabolites --- organic acids --- lead --- castor beans --- citric acid --- antioxidant enzyme --- antioxidant system --- ethylene --- glyoxalase system --- photosynthesis --- proline metabolism --- zinc --- jute varieties --- copper stress --- phytoremediation --- bioaccumulation factor --- translocation factor --- growth --- copper toxicity --- micronutrient deficiency --- iron --- nicotianamine --- histidine --- Cu-chelation --- lead pollution --- antioxidants --- bentonite --- grain biochemistry --- biochar --- maize hybrids --- nickel --- nutrients --- translocation --- heavy metal --- reactive oxygen species --- oxidative burst --- Rhododendron arboreum --- Vigna radiata --- enzymes activity --- chromium (Cr) --- polyphenols --- abiotic stress --- antioxidant defense --- methylglyoxal --- organic acid --- ripening physiology --- silver --- chemical elicitors --- chili --- fibrous crop --- environmental pollutants --- morphological traits --- soil remediation --- chelating agents --- chromium --- wastewater --- sunflower --- biomass --- chlorophyll contents

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This Special Issue provides 15 research articles and 4 comprehensive review articles on various aspects of plant–metal/metalloid interactions. - Up-to-date information on plant responses to metals/metalloids are published. - Various mechanisms of plant tolerance to metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are presented. - Exogenous applications of mitigating metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are discussed. - Sustainable technologies in growing plants in metal/metalloid-contaminated environments are discussed. - Phytoremediation techniques for the remediation of metals/metalloids are discussed.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Botany & plant sciences --- metal stress --- toxicity --- silicon --- Si-fertilization --- genomics --- transporter genes --- cadmium toxicity --- oxidative stress --- antioxidative defense system --- photosynthetic pigments --- environmental pollution --- phytoextraction --- cadmium --- biostimulation --- oxidative damage --- metal toxicity --- sulphur nutrition --- stress mitigation --- cation exchange capacity --- glutathione --- agriculture --- Cd stress --- environmental --- gene expression --- PGPB --- switchgrass --- P. fasciculatum --- heavy metals --- tolerant plant --- protein carbonylation --- photosynthesis proteins --- mining soils --- thiols --- phenolic metabolites --- organic acids --- lead --- castor beans --- citric acid --- antioxidant enzyme --- antioxidant system --- ethylene --- glyoxalase system --- photosynthesis --- proline metabolism --- zinc --- jute varieties --- copper stress --- phytoremediation --- bioaccumulation factor --- translocation factor --- growth --- copper toxicity --- micronutrient deficiency --- iron --- nicotianamine --- histidine --- Cu-chelation --- lead pollution --- antioxidants --- bentonite --- grain biochemistry --- biochar --- maize hybrids --- nickel --- nutrients --- translocation --- heavy metal --- reactive oxygen species --- oxidative burst --- Rhododendron arboreum --- Vigna radiata --- enzymes activity --- chromium (Cr) --- polyphenols --- abiotic stress --- antioxidant defense --- methylglyoxal --- organic acid --- ripening physiology --- silver --- chemical elicitors --- chili --- fibrous crop --- environmental pollutants --- morphological traits --- soil remediation --- chelating agents --- chromium --- wastewater --- sunflower --- biomass --- chlorophyll contents --- metal stress --- toxicity --- silicon --- Si-fertilization --- genomics --- transporter genes --- cadmium toxicity --- oxidative stress --- antioxidative defense system --- photosynthetic pigments --- environmental pollution --- phytoextraction --- cadmium --- biostimulation --- oxidative damage --- metal toxicity --- sulphur nutrition --- stress mitigation --- cation exchange capacity --- glutathione --- agriculture --- Cd stress --- environmental --- gene expression --- PGPB --- switchgrass --- P. fasciculatum --- heavy metals --- tolerant plant --- protein carbonylation --- photosynthesis proteins --- mining soils --- thiols --- phenolic metabolites --- organic acids --- lead --- castor beans --- citric acid --- antioxidant enzyme --- antioxidant system --- ethylene --- glyoxalase system --- photosynthesis --- proline metabolism --- zinc --- jute varieties --- copper stress --- phytoremediation --- bioaccumulation factor --- translocation factor --- growth --- copper toxicity --- micronutrient deficiency --- iron --- nicotianamine --- histidine --- Cu-chelation --- lead pollution --- antioxidants --- bentonite --- grain biochemistry --- biochar --- maize hybrids --- nickel --- nutrients --- translocation --- heavy metal --- reactive oxygen species --- oxidative burst --- Rhododendron arboreum --- Vigna radiata --- enzymes activity --- chromium (Cr) --- polyphenols --- abiotic stress --- antioxidant defense --- methylglyoxal --- organic acid --- ripening physiology --- silver --- chemical elicitors --- chili --- fibrous crop --- environmental pollutants --- morphological traits --- soil remediation --- chelating agents --- chromium --- wastewater --- sunflower --- biomass --- chlorophyll contents

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Mitochondrial transporters are membrane-inserted proteins which provide a link between metabolic reactions occurring within the mitochondrial matrix and outside the organelles by catalyzing the translocation of numerous solutes across the mitochondrial membrane. They include the mitochondrial carrier family members, the proteins involved in pyruvate transport, ABC transporters and channels, and are, therefore, essential for many biological processes and cell homeostasis. Identification and functional studies of many mitochondrial transporters have been performed over the years using both in vitro and in vivo systems. The few recently solved structures of these transporters have paved the way for further investigations. Furthermore, alterations in their function are responsible for several diseases.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- hypoxia --- resistance to hypoxia --- mitochondria --- mitochondrial calcium transport --- mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex --- mitochondrial Ca2+-induced permeability transition pore --- cyclophilin D --- ATP synthase --- disease --- error of metabolism --- mitochondrial carrier --- mitochondrial carrier disease --- mitochondrial disease --- mitochondrial transporter --- membrane transport --- mutation --- SLC25. --- mitochondrial permeability transition --- apoptosis --- necrosis --- ischemia/reperfusion --- cancer --- neurodegeneration --- cyclosporin A --- metabolite transport --- mitochondrial pyruvate carrier --- sideroflexin --- TOM --- TIM chaperones --- TIM22 --- protein translocation --- mitochondrial biogenesis --- amino acid --- biological function --- ion --- inner mitochondrial membrane --- mitochondrial carrier family --- organic acid --- substrate specificity --- transport mechanism --- vitamin --- USMG5/DAPIT --- glucose-stimulated insulin secretion --- glucose-induced expression --- membrane subunits of ATP synthase --- ATP synthase oligomers mitochondrial cristae morphology --- metabolism --- metabolic disorders --- adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) --- aspartate/glutamate carrier (AGC) --- animal model --- argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) --- aversion to carbohydrates --- citrin --- food taste --- neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) --- protein–protein interaction --- MPC --- lifespan --- pyruvate metabolism --- mitochondrial transport --- peroxisomes --- carrier --- cofactor --- ABC transporter --- aquaporin --- ion channels --- potassium channels --- ATP --- calcium --- ROS --- potassium channel openers --- MCF --- function --- plant metabolism --- plant development --- diseases --- VDAC1 --- virus --- pancreatic islets --- β-cell --- diabetes --- glucotoxicity --- glucolipotoxicity --- lipotoxicity --- mitochondrial carriers --- SLC transporters --- SLC25 --- SLC54 --- SLC55 --- LETM --- SLC56 --- sequence analysis --- protein targeting --- Voltage-Dependent Anion selective Channel --- isoforms --- oxidative post-translational modification --- gene promoter --- yeast --- bioenergetics --- SLC25A1 --- CIC --- CTP --- citrate --- inflammation --- 22.q11.2 --- NAFLD/NASH --- carnitine --- carnitine acyl-carnitine carrier --- carnitine acyl-carnitine translocase --- post-translational modification --- solute carrier family 25 --- SLC25A20 --- MCU --- mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter --- Ca2+ signaling --- mitochondrial metabolism --- skeletal muscle mitochondria --- SLC25A51 --- NAD+ transporters --- NAD --- electrophysiology --- ATP-dependent potassium channel

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Mitochondrial transporters are membrane-inserted proteins which provide a link between metabolic reactions occurring within the mitochondrial matrix and outside the organelles by catalyzing the translocation of numerous solutes across the mitochondrial membrane. They include the mitochondrial carrier family members, the proteins involved in pyruvate transport, ABC transporters and channels, and are, therefore, essential for many biological processes and cell homeostasis. Identification and functional studies of many mitochondrial transporters have been performed over the years using both in vitro and in vivo systems. The few recently solved structures of these transporters have paved the way for further investigations. Furthermore, alterations in their function are responsible for several diseases.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- hypoxia --- resistance to hypoxia --- mitochondria --- mitochondrial calcium transport --- mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex --- mitochondrial Ca2+-induced permeability transition pore --- cyclophilin D --- ATP synthase --- disease --- error of metabolism --- mitochondrial carrier --- mitochondrial carrier disease --- mitochondrial disease --- mitochondrial transporter --- membrane transport --- mutation --- SLC25. --- mitochondrial permeability transition --- apoptosis --- necrosis --- ischemia/reperfusion --- cancer --- neurodegeneration --- cyclosporin A --- metabolite transport --- mitochondrial pyruvate carrier --- sideroflexin --- TOM --- TIM chaperones --- TIM22 --- protein translocation --- mitochondrial biogenesis --- amino acid --- biological function --- ion --- inner mitochondrial membrane --- mitochondrial carrier family --- organic acid --- substrate specificity --- transport mechanism --- vitamin --- USMG5/DAPIT --- glucose-stimulated insulin secretion --- glucose-induced expression --- membrane subunits of ATP synthase --- ATP synthase oligomers mitochondrial cristae morphology --- metabolism --- metabolic disorders --- adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) --- aspartate/glutamate carrier (AGC) --- animal model --- argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) --- aversion to carbohydrates --- citrin --- food taste --- neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) --- protein–protein interaction --- MPC --- lifespan --- pyruvate metabolism --- mitochondrial transport --- peroxisomes --- carrier --- cofactor --- ABC transporter --- aquaporin --- ion channels --- potassium channels --- ATP --- calcium --- ROS --- potassium channel openers --- MCF --- function --- plant metabolism --- plant development --- diseases --- VDAC1 --- virus --- pancreatic islets --- β-cell --- diabetes --- glucotoxicity --- glucolipotoxicity --- lipotoxicity --- mitochondrial carriers --- SLC transporters --- SLC25 --- SLC54 --- SLC55 --- LETM --- SLC56 --- sequence analysis --- protein targeting --- Voltage-Dependent Anion selective Channel --- isoforms --- oxidative post-translational modification --- gene promoter --- yeast --- bioenergetics --- SLC25A1 --- CIC --- CTP --- citrate --- inflammation --- 22.q11.2 --- NAFLD/NASH --- carnitine --- carnitine acyl-carnitine carrier --- carnitine acyl-carnitine translocase --- post-translational modification --- solute carrier family 25 --- SLC25A20 --- MCU --- mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter --- Ca2+ signaling --- mitochondrial metabolism --- skeletal muscle mitochondria --- SLC25A51 --- NAD+ transporters --- NAD --- electrophysiology --- ATP-dependent potassium channel --- hypoxia --- resistance to hypoxia --- mitochondria --- mitochondrial calcium transport --- mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex --- mitochondrial Ca2+-induced permeability transition pore --- cyclophilin D --- ATP synthase --- disease --- error of metabolism --- mitochondrial carrier --- mitochondrial carrier disease --- mitochondrial disease --- mitochondrial transporter --- membrane transport --- mutation --- SLC25. --- mitochondrial permeability transition --- apoptosis --- necrosis --- ischemia/reperfusion --- cancer --- neurodegeneration --- cyclosporin A --- metabolite transport --- mitochondrial pyruvate carrier --- sideroflexin --- TOM --- TIM chaperones --- TIM22 --- protein translocation --- mitochondrial biogenesis --- amino acid --- biological function --- ion --- inner mitochondrial membrane --- mitochondrial carrier family --- organic acid --- substrate specificity --- transport mechanism --- vitamin --- USMG5/DAPIT --- glucose-stimulated insulin secretion --- glucose-induced expression --- membrane subunits of ATP synthase --- ATP synthase oligomers mitochondrial cristae morphology --- metabolism --- metabolic disorders --- adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) --- aspartate/glutamate carrier (AGC) --- animal model --- argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) --- aversion to carbohydrates --- citrin --- food taste --- neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) --- protein–protein interaction --- MPC --- lifespan --- pyruvate metabolism --- mitochondrial transport --- peroxisomes --- carrier --- cofactor --- ABC transporter --- aquaporin --- ion channels --- potassium channels --- ATP --- calcium --- ROS --- potassium channel openers --- MCF --- function --- plant metabolism --- plant development --- diseases --- VDAC1 --- virus --- pancreatic islets --- β-cell --- diabetes --- glucotoxicity --- glucolipotoxicity --- lipotoxicity --- mitochondrial carriers --- SLC transporters --- SLC25 --- SLC54 --- SLC55 --- LETM --- SLC56 --- sequence analysis --- protein targeting --- Voltage-Dependent Anion selective Channel --- isoforms --- oxidative post-translational modification --- gene promoter --- yeast --- bioenergetics --- SLC25A1 --- CIC --- CTP --- citrate --- inflammation --- 22.q11.2 --- NAFLD/NASH --- carnitine --- carnitine acyl-carnitine carrier --- carnitine acyl-carnitine translocase --- post-translational modification --- solute carrier family 25 --- SLC25A20 --- MCU --- mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter --- Ca2+ signaling --- mitochondrial metabolism --- skeletal muscle mitochondria --- SLC25A51 --- NAD+ transporters --- NAD --- electrophysiology --- ATP-dependent potassium channel

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“Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenolic Plant Extracts” is a collection of scientific articles regarding polyphenols, that is, substances occurring naturally in plants and exhibiting many beneficial effects on human health. Among polyphenols’ interesting biological properties, their antioxidant activity is considered the most important. This book brings together experts from different research fields on topics related to polyphenols, such as their isolation and purification, assessment of their antioxidant activity, prevention from oxidative stress-induced diseases and use as food additives. The polyphenols used in the present studies are derived from a great variety of plants, ranging from well-known species to rare ones that are only found in specific regions. Moreover, some of the studies provide evidence that polyphenols may be used for the prevention and treatment of common diseases such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimers’ disease, cardiovascular and intestinal diseases. Importantly, in several of the studies “green extraction methods” for the isolation of polyphenols were developed using modern technologies, where few or no organic solvents were used, in order to minimize environmental and health impacts.

green leafy vegetables --- effect of cooking --- polyphenols --- antioxidant activity --- Averrhoa bilimbi --- Oxalidaceae --- DPPH --- xanthine oxidase --- LC-QTOF-MS/MS --- molecular docking --- tentative bioactive constituents --- Dialium indum --- exocarp --- seed --- antioxidant --- phenolic acids --- amino acids --- GC-MS analysis --- AGN --- FIR --- phenolic --- flavonoid --- antioxidant capacity --- antimicrobial activity --- polyphenol compounds --- bixin --- rosemary extracts --- method validation --- HPLC --- food matrices --- fruit vinegar --- phenolics --- organic acid --- Ladastacho --- characterisation --- properties --- HPLC/ESI-MS --- HS-SPME/GC-MS --- beneficial use --- antimicrobial --- hydroxytyrosol --- rosemary --- pomegranate --- fish --- volatile compounds --- Rosa canina --- Rosa sempervivens --- Pyrocantha coccinea --- antioxidants --- endothelial cells --- glutathione --- almond skins --- bioavailability --- waste by-products --- flavonoids --- oxidative stress --- human --- reactive oxygen species --- proinflammatory cytokines --- Alzheimer’s disease --- cornelian cherry --- anthocyanins --- gastrointestinal digestion --- Opuntia ficus-indica cladode --- antibiofilm activity --- olive --- Olea europaea --- anthocyanin --- cyanidin 3-glucoside --- cyanidin 3-rutinoside --- oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) --- high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). --- tea --- Camellia sinensis --- polyphenol --- catechin --- caffeine --- theaflavine --- insulin resistance --- diabetes --- olive oil --- phenols --- antidiabetic --- myrtle --- ultrasound-assisted extraction --- phenolic compounds --- liquid chromatography analysis --- mass spectrometry --- mulberry (Morus nigra --- Morus alba) --- simple sugars --- organic acids --- phenol compounds --- high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector/mass spectrometry anthocyanins --- anti-inflammatory activity --- extraction --- central composite design --- optimization --- P. officinalis --- phytochemicals --- cytotoxicity --- α-amylase inhibition --- red-osier dogwood --- antioxidative effect --- H2O2 --- transepithelial resistance (TEER) --- Caco-2 cells --- Rubus idaeus L. --- HPLC-ESI-HR-qTOF-MS/MS --- antioxidant activities --- digestive enzymes inhibitors --- molecular docking analysis --- olive mill wastewater --- encapsulation --- maltodextrin --- whey protein --- gelatin --- spray drying --- diabetes mellitus --- Lamiaceae --- alpha-glucosidase --- alpha-amylase --- Salvia africana-lutea --- terpenoids --- cape floristic region --- n/a --- Alzheimer's disease --- Disaster Bay / Green Cape (NSW Far S Coast SJ55-08)