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Chemical laboratory practice --- Analytical chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Instrumental analysis --- Analytische chemie --- Biosensortechnologie --- Chromatografie --- Electron Paramagnetic Resonance --- Elektroforese --- EPR --- EPR-spectrometer --- Flow injection analysis --- Fluorescentie --- Fosforescentie --- HPLC --- NMR --- Nuclear magnetic resonance --- Potentiometrie --- Sequential injection analysis --- Spectrofotometrie --- Spectrometrie --- Spectroscopie --- 543 --- analytische chemie (scheikunde) --- atoomabsorptiespectrometrie --- biosensoren --- capillaire elektroforese --- chromatografie --- emissiespectrometrie --- EPR electron paramagnetische resonantie --- gaschromatografie --- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography --- laboratoriumchemie --- massaspectrometrie --- moleculaire fluorescentie --- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance --- potentiometrie --- spectrofotometrie --- spectroscopie --- vloeistofchromatografie --- voltammetrie --- X-stralen fluorescentie --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Chemistry --- Instruments --- analytische chemie (analytische scheikunde)
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Human milk is uniquely tailored to meet infants’ specific nutritional requirements. However, it is more than just “milk”. This dynamic and bioactive fluid allows mother–infant signalling over lactation, guiding the infant in the developmental and physiological processes. It exerts protection and life-long biological effects, playing a crucial role in promoting healthy growth and optimal cognitive development. The latest scientific advances have provided insight into different components of human milk and their dynamic changes over time. However, the complexity of human milk composition and the synergistic mechanisms responsible for its beneficial health effects have not yet been unravelled. Filling this knowledge gap will shed light on the biology of the developing infant and will contribute to the optimization of infant feeding, particularly that of the most vulnerable infants. Greater understanding of human milk will also help in elucidating the best strategies for its storage and handling. The increasing knowledge on human milk’s bioactive compounds together with the rapidly-advancing technological achievements will greatly enhance their use as prophylactic or therapeutic agents. The current Special Issue aims to welcome original works and literature reviews further exploring the complexity of human milk composition, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects associated with breastfeeding, and the factors and determinants involved in lactation, including its promotion and support.
high pressure processing --- n/a --- lipids --- supplementation --- protective factors --- infant --- carbohydrate --- mothers --- antioxidant capacity --- protein --- fat --- cytokines --- bioactive factors --- late preterm --- zinc --- infants --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- pregnancy --- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) --- Lipidomics --- magnesium --- omega-3 fatty acids --- vitamin D deficiency --- flow injection analysis --- human milk benefits --- multiple source method --- 3?-sialyllactose (3?SL) --- milk banking --- milk group --- pasteurization --- video instruction --- Milk Fat Globule Membrane --- bile salt stimulated lipase --- breastfeeding difficulties --- breastfeeding support --- prematurity --- carotenoids --- hormones --- phosphocholine --- amino acids --- targeted metabolomics --- high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) --- choline --- selenium --- ?-linolenic acid --- arachidonic acid (ARA) --- docosahexaenoic acid --- human milk fortification --- protease inhibitors --- celiac disease --- copper --- term --- adipokines --- iodine --- mammary gland --- nutritional status --- food frequency questionnaire --- neonate --- early breastfeeding cessation --- prospective study --- breastfeeding --- mothers’ own milk --- disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) --- country --- lactating women --- undernourishment --- proteases --- preterm --- expressing --- dietary assessment --- retinol --- body composition --- duration of lactation --- passive immunization --- 2?-fucosyllactose (2?FL) --- phosphorus --- clinical trial --- growth factors --- infant formula --- digestive tract --- human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) --- sodium --- nutrition --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- lipid metabolites --- lactation --- nervonic acid --- ?-tocopherol --- macronutrients --- glycoprotein --- term infant --- term infants --- maternal diet --- promotion of breastfeeding --- potassium --- antioxidants --- maternal immunoglobulins --- Human Milk --- human milk --- Phospholipids --- flu vaccine --- lactational stage --- lactose --- storage --- dietary intake --- Preterm infant --- immune-active proteins --- colostrum --- human milk fat --- inadequate intake --- milk therapy --- endogenous peptide --- calcium --- fatty acids --- breast milk --- pumping --- secretor --- LC-MS --- n-9 fatty acid --- Lewis --- donor human milk --- antenatal --- online --- iron --- growth --- donor milk --- mothers' own milk
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Biosensors, i.e., devices where biological molecules or bio(mimetic)structures are intimately coupled to a chemo/physical transducer for converting a biorecognition event into a measurable signal, have recently gained a wide (if not huge) academic and practical interest for the multitude of their applications in analysis, especially in the field of bioanalysis, medical diagnostics, and clinical assays. Indeed, thanks to their very simple use (permitting sometimes their application at home), the minimal sample pretreatment requirement, the higher selectivity, and sensitivity, biosensors are an essential tool in the detection and monitoring of a wide range of medical conditions from glycemia to Alzheimer’s disease as well as in the monitoring of drug responses. Soon, we expect that their importance and use in clinical diagnostics will expand rapidly so as to be of critical importance to public health in the coming years. This Special Issue would like to focus on recent research and development in the field of biosensors as analytical tools for clinical assays and medical diagnostics.
Technology: general issues --- molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) --- surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) --- electrochemical biosensor --- biomarkers for infectious diseases --- choline biosensor --- amperometric detection --- overoxidized polypyrrole film --- phospholipase D assay --- phosphatidylcholine --- human epididymis protein 4 --- competitive electrochemical immunosensor --- WiFi portable potentiostat --- on-board calibration --- Internet of Things --- 1-methoxy-5-ethyl phenazinium ethyl sulfate --- disposable enzyme sensor --- lactate oxidase --- glucose dehydrogenase --- fructosyl peptide oxidase --- electrochemical enzyme sensor --- biomedical engineering --- surface plasmon resonance --- biosensors --- bio-functionalization optimization --- cost-effective biosensors --- lab-on-a-chip --- aptamer --- labeling --- enzyme --- zinc finger protein --- electrochemical sensor --- vascular endothelial growth factor --- breast cancer --- nanobiosensors --- biomarkers --- electrochemistry --- impedance --- immobilization --- nanomaterial --- nanoparticles (NPs) --- magnetic NPs --- self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) --- signal amplification --- optogenetics --- micro-electrode array --- in situ detection --- electrophysiology --- neural circuit recognition --- biosensor --- carbon dots --- norepinephrine --- tyrosinase --- voltammetry --- folic acid --- real samples --- analytical methods --- electrochemical tools --- choline analysis --- phosphocholine analysis --- choline oxidase --- alkaline phosphatase --- enzyme immobilization --- overoxidized polypyrrole --- electropolymerized non-conducting polymer --- dual electrode biosensor --- simultaneous determination --- flow injection analysis --- capacitive sensing --- alternating current electrokinetic effects --- miRNA sensing --- point-of-care diagnostics
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Flow analysis is an automatic, precise and fast way to perform analytical tests. Flow instruments are used for clinical and pharmaceutical analyses, quality control of industrial products, monitoring of environmental pollution and many other fields. The book presents the latest methodological, technical and instrumental achievements in flow analysis. It shows new possibilities for the miniaturization and full mechanization of flow systems, together with examples of their interesting application. The proposed solutions contribute to reducing the amount of used reagents and waste, as well as increasing the safety of working with hazardous reagents, resulting in modern devices operating in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. A number of innovative methods of processing and measuring analytical samples have also been described. The book very well reflects the current state of flow analysis and development directions.
Research & information: general --- cholesterol --- serum samples --- lab-on-valve --- automation --- enzymatic reaction --- neonicotinoid --- thiacloprid --- solid-phase spectroscopy --- optosensor --- luminescence --- bioaccessibility --- dog food --- dog nutrition --- dynamic extraction --- flow analysis --- kinetic profile --- zinc --- nuclear waste --- spent nuclear fuel --- ß-emitting nuclides --- 90Sr --- flow injection --- ICP-DRC-MS --- flow synthesis --- flow reactors --- flow-injection analysis --- flow techniques --- radionuclides --- radiochemical separation --- environmental monitoring --- nuclear emergency preparedness --- radioactive waste characterization --- medical isotope production --- titration --- Fe(III), Fe(II) determination --- speciation analysis --- Lab-In-Syringe --- automation of sample pretreatment --- potentials and troubles --- system setup and operation modes --- tips and tricks in method development --- 3D printing of instrument elements --- histidine --- random human urine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- fluorimetry --- SI-LAV --- mono-segmented flow --- in-line dilution --- in-line single-standard calibration --- in-line standard addition --- albumin --- glucose --- creatinine --- flow method --- chitosan --- catalyst particles --- micron-size --- sampling study --- p-nitrophenol reduction --- preconcentration --- evaporation --- sequential injection analysis --- paired emitter–detector diode detector --- contactless conductivity detector --- flow-based analysis --- simultaneous detection --- sequential detection --- flow chemistry
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Flow analysis is an automatic, precise and fast way to perform analytical tests. Flow instruments are used for clinical and pharmaceutical analyses, quality control of industrial products, monitoring of environmental pollution and many other fields. The book presents the latest methodological, technical and instrumental achievements in flow analysis. It shows new possibilities for the miniaturization and full mechanization of flow systems, together with examples of their interesting application. The proposed solutions contribute to reducing the amount of used reagents and waste, as well as increasing the safety of working with hazardous reagents, resulting in modern devices operating in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. A number of innovative methods of processing and measuring analytical samples have also been described. The book very well reflects the current state of flow analysis and development directions.
cholesterol --- serum samples --- lab-on-valve --- automation --- enzymatic reaction --- neonicotinoid --- thiacloprid --- solid-phase spectroscopy --- optosensor --- luminescence --- bioaccessibility --- dog food --- dog nutrition --- dynamic extraction --- flow analysis --- kinetic profile --- zinc --- nuclear waste --- spent nuclear fuel --- ß-emitting nuclides --- 90Sr --- flow injection --- ICP-DRC-MS --- flow synthesis --- flow reactors --- flow-injection analysis --- flow techniques --- radionuclides --- radiochemical separation --- environmental monitoring --- nuclear emergency preparedness --- radioactive waste characterization --- medical isotope production --- titration --- Fe(III), Fe(II) determination --- speciation analysis --- Lab-In-Syringe --- automation of sample pretreatment --- potentials and troubles --- system setup and operation modes --- tips and tricks in method development --- 3D printing of instrument elements --- histidine --- random human urine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- fluorimetry --- SI-LAV --- mono-segmented flow --- in-line dilution --- in-line single-standard calibration --- in-line standard addition --- albumin --- glucose --- creatinine --- flow method --- chitosan --- catalyst particles --- micron-size --- sampling study --- p-nitrophenol reduction --- preconcentration --- evaporation --- sequential injection analysis --- paired emitter–detector diode detector --- contactless conductivity detector --- flow-based analysis --- simultaneous detection --- sequential detection --- flow chemistry
Choose an application
Biosensors, i.e., devices where biological molecules or bio(mimetic)structures are intimately coupled to a chemo/physical transducer for converting a biorecognition event into a measurable signal, have recently gained a wide (if not huge) academic and practical interest for the multitude of their applications in analysis, especially in the field of bioanalysis, medical diagnostics, and clinical assays. Indeed, thanks to their very simple use (permitting sometimes their application at home), the minimal sample pretreatment requirement, the higher selectivity, and sensitivity, biosensors are an essential tool in the detection and monitoring of a wide range of medical conditions from glycemia to Alzheimer’s disease as well as in the monitoring of drug responses. Soon, we expect that their importance and use in clinical diagnostics will expand rapidly so as to be of critical importance to public health in the coming years. This Special Issue would like to focus on recent research and development in the field of biosensors as analytical tools for clinical assays and medical diagnostics.
molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) --- surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) --- electrochemical biosensor --- biomarkers for infectious diseases --- choline biosensor --- amperometric detection --- overoxidized polypyrrole film --- phospholipase D assay --- phosphatidylcholine --- human epididymis protein 4 --- competitive electrochemical immunosensor --- WiFi portable potentiostat --- on-board calibration --- Internet of Things --- 1-methoxy-5-ethyl phenazinium ethyl sulfate --- disposable enzyme sensor --- lactate oxidase --- glucose dehydrogenase --- fructosyl peptide oxidase --- electrochemical enzyme sensor --- biomedical engineering --- surface plasmon resonance --- biosensors --- bio-functionalization optimization --- cost-effective biosensors --- lab-on-a-chip --- aptamer --- labeling --- enzyme --- zinc finger protein --- electrochemical sensor --- vascular endothelial growth factor --- breast cancer --- nanobiosensors --- biomarkers --- electrochemistry --- impedance --- immobilization --- nanomaterial --- nanoparticles (NPs) --- magnetic NPs --- self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) --- signal amplification --- optogenetics --- micro-electrode array --- in situ detection --- electrophysiology --- neural circuit recognition --- biosensor --- carbon dots --- norepinephrine --- tyrosinase --- voltammetry --- folic acid --- real samples --- analytical methods --- electrochemical tools --- choline analysis --- phosphocholine analysis --- choline oxidase --- alkaline phosphatase --- enzyme immobilization --- overoxidized polypyrrole --- electropolymerized non-conducting polymer --- dual electrode biosensor --- simultaneous determination --- flow injection analysis --- capacitive sensing --- alternating current electrokinetic effects --- miRNA sensing --- point-of-care diagnostics
Choose an application
Biosensors, i.e., devices where biological molecules or bio(mimetic)structures are intimately coupled to a chemo/physical transducer for converting a biorecognition event into a measurable signal, have recently gained a wide (if not huge) academic and practical interest for the multitude of their applications in analysis, especially in the field of bioanalysis, medical diagnostics, and clinical assays. Indeed, thanks to their very simple use (permitting sometimes their application at home), the minimal sample pretreatment requirement, the higher selectivity, and sensitivity, biosensors are an essential tool in the detection and monitoring of a wide range of medical conditions from glycemia to Alzheimer’s disease as well as in the monitoring of drug responses. Soon, we expect that their importance and use in clinical diagnostics will expand rapidly so as to be of critical importance to public health in the coming years. This Special Issue would like to focus on recent research and development in the field of biosensors as analytical tools for clinical assays and medical diagnostics.
Technology: general issues --- molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) --- surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) --- electrochemical biosensor --- biomarkers for infectious diseases --- choline biosensor --- amperometric detection --- overoxidized polypyrrole film --- phospholipase D assay --- phosphatidylcholine --- human epididymis protein 4 --- competitive electrochemical immunosensor --- WiFi portable potentiostat --- on-board calibration --- Internet of Things --- 1-methoxy-5-ethyl phenazinium ethyl sulfate --- disposable enzyme sensor --- lactate oxidase --- glucose dehydrogenase --- fructosyl peptide oxidase --- electrochemical enzyme sensor --- biomedical engineering --- surface plasmon resonance --- biosensors --- bio-functionalization optimization --- cost-effective biosensors --- lab-on-a-chip --- aptamer --- labeling --- enzyme --- zinc finger protein --- electrochemical sensor --- vascular endothelial growth factor --- breast cancer --- nanobiosensors --- biomarkers --- electrochemistry --- impedance --- immobilization --- nanomaterial --- nanoparticles (NPs) --- magnetic NPs --- self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) --- signal amplification --- optogenetics --- micro-electrode array --- in situ detection --- electrophysiology --- neural circuit recognition --- biosensor --- carbon dots --- norepinephrine --- tyrosinase --- voltammetry --- folic acid --- real samples --- analytical methods --- electrochemical tools --- choline analysis --- phosphocholine analysis --- choline oxidase --- alkaline phosphatase --- enzyme immobilization --- overoxidized polypyrrole --- electropolymerized non-conducting polymer --- dual electrode biosensor --- simultaneous determination --- flow injection analysis --- capacitive sensing --- alternating current electrokinetic effects --- miRNA sensing --- point-of-care diagnostics
Choose an application
Flow analysis is an automatic, precise and fast way to perform analytical tests. Flow instruments are used for clinical and pharmaceutical analyses, quality control of industrial products, monitoring of environmental pollution and many other fields. The book presents the latest methodological, technical and instrumental achievements in flow analysis. It shows new possibilities for the miniaturization and full mechanization of flow systems, together with examples of their interesting application. The proposed solutions contribute to reducing the amount of used reagents and waste, as well as increasing the safety of working with hazardous reagents, resulting in modern devices operating in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. A number of innovative methods of processing and measuring analytical samples have also been described. The book very well reflects the current state of flow analysis and development directions.
Research & information: general --- cholesterol --- serum samples --- lab-on-valve --- automation --- enzymatic reaction --- neonicotinoid --- thiacloprid --- solid-phase spectroscopy --- optosensor --- luminescence --- bioaccessibility --- dog food --- dog nutrition --- dynamic extraction --- flow analysis --- kinetic profile --- zinc --- nuclear waste --- spent nuclear fuel --- ß-emitting nuclides --- 90Sr --- flow injection --- ICP-DRC-MS --- flow synthesis --- flow reactors --- flow-injection analysis --- flow techniques --- radionuclides --- radiochemical separation --- environmental monitoring --- nuclear emergency preparedness --- radioactive waste characterization --- medical isotope production --- titration --- Fe(III), Fe(II) determination --- speciation analysis --- Lab-In-Syringe --- automation of sample pretreatment --- potentials and troubles --- system setup and operation modes --- tips and tricks in method development --- 3D printing of instrument elements --- histidine --- random human urine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- fluorimetry --- SI-LAV --- mono-segmented flow --- in-line dilution --- in-line single-standard calibration --- in-line standard addition --- albumin --- glucose --- creatinine --- flow method --- chitosan --- catalyst particles --- micron-size --- sampling study --- p-nitrophenol reduction --- preconcentration --- evaporation --- sequential injection analysis --- paired emitter–detector diode detector --- contactless conductivity detector --- flow-based analysis --- simultaneous detection --- sequential detection --- flow chemistry
Choose an application
The scope of this Special Issue is to collect some of the contributions to the First International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, which was held to bring together well-known experts currently working in biosensor technologies from around the globe, and to provide an online forum for presenting and discussing new results. The world of biosensors is definitively a versatile and universally applicable one, as demonstrated by the wide range of topics which were addressed at the Conference, such as: bioengineered and biomimetic receptors; microfluidics for biosensing; biosensors for emergency situations; nanotechnologies and nanomaterials for biosensors; intra- and extracellular biosensing; and advanced applications in clinical, environmental, food safety, and cultural heritage fields.
Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Listeria monocytogenes --- cell-based biosensor --- bioelectric recognition assay --- membrane-engineering --- lateral flow immunoassay --- antibiotics --- lincomycin --- gold nanoparticles --- quantum dots --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- Fumonsin B1 --- aptamers --- UV/VIS spectroscopy --- asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation --- porous silicon membrane --- bacterial detection --- selective lysis --- endolysins --- lysostaphin --- flow-through --- vibrational spectra --- molecular dynamics --- nucleotides --- Au nanoparticle --- SERS --- space biology --- deep space --- biosensors --- space radiation --- microgravity --- CubeSats --- 2D Ti3C2 MXene --- PGE2 --- 8-HOA --- lung cancer --- electrochemical --- DNA biosensors --- KRAS --- liquid biopsy --- cancer point-of-care diagnostic tests --- paper-based sensors --- nitrocellulose --- impedance measurements --- dielectric properties --- parallel-plate electrodes --- interdigital electrodes --- Bacillus thuringiensis --- sensor --- combined slot antenna --- diabetes --- dielectric permeability --- electromagnetic fields --- glucose concentration --- near-field sensor --- non-invasive measurements --- microwave sounding --- chymotrypsin --- β-casein --- nanoparticles --- UV-vis spectroscopy --- dynamic light scattering --- quartz crystal microbalance --- biologically inspired --- electronic eye --- optical methods --- RGB analysis --- tequila --- molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) --- surface plasmon resonance (SPR) --- plastic optical fiber (POF) --- 2-furaldheide (2-FAL) --- beverages --- optical chemical sensors --- biosensor --- immunosensor --- cardiac troponin I --- single-strand DNA --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- label-free --- proteins --- microfluidic chip --- self-assembled monolayers --- odor sensor --- market analysis --- technology assessment --- application field --- performance profile --- requirement profile --- biointelligence --- biological transformation --- temperature sensor --- Raman spectroscopy --- anti-Stokes/Stokes spectra --- titanium dioxide --- trypsin --- AuNPs --- acoustic wave biosensor --- colorimetric assay --- white light reflectance spectroscopy --- real-time immunosensor --- ELISA --- pesticides --- carbendazim --- fruit juices --- ECIS --- xCELLigence --- cellZscope --- hCMVEC --- endothelial cell --- impedance sensing --- light-addressable potentiometric sensor --- light-addressable electrode --- actuator-sensor system --- enzyme kinetics --- microfluidics --- HIV-1 p24 protein --- surface plasmon resonance --- surface modifications --- label-free detection --- artificial enzymes --- green synthesis --- hexacyanoferrates of transition and noble metals --- peroxidase mimetic --- amperometric (bio)sensor --- glucose oxidase --- glucose analysis --- electrocatalysis --- peroxynitrite --- flow injection analysis --- meat extracts --- myoglobin --- cobalt phthalocyanine --- electrochemical reduction --- screen-printed carbon electrode --- amperometric detection --- decay kinetics
Choose an application
The scope of this Special Issue is to collect some of the contributions to the First International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, which was held to bring together well-known experts currently working in biosensor technologies from around the globe, and to provide an online forum for presenting and discussing new results. The world of biosensors is definitively a versatile and universally applicable one, as demonstrated by the wide range of topics which were addressed at the Conference, such as: bioengineered and biomimetic receptors; microfluidics for biosensing; biosensors for emergency situations; nanotechnologies and nanomaterials for biosensors; intra- and extracellular biosensing; and advanced applications in clinical, environmental, food safety, and cultural heritage fields.
Listeria monocytogenes --- cell-based biosensor --- bioelectric recognition assay --- membrane-engineering --- lateral flow immunoassay --- antibiotics --- lincomycin --- gold nanoparticles --- quantum dots --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- Fumonsin B1 --- aptamers --- UV/VIS spectroscopy --- asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation --- porous silicon membrane --- bacterial detection --- selective lysis --- endolysins --- lysostaphin --- flow-through --- vibrational spectra --- molecular dynamics --- nucleotides --- Au nanoparticle --- SERS --- space biology --- deep space --- biosensors --- space radiation --- microgravity --- CubeSats --- 2D Ti3C2 MXene --- PGE2 --- 8-HOA --- lung cancer --- electrochemical --- DNA biosensors --- KRAS --- liquid biopsy --- cancer point-of-care diagnostic tests --- paper-based sensors --- nitrocellulose --- impedance measurements --- dielectric properties --- parallel-plate electrodes --- interdigital electrodes --- Bacillus thuringiensis --- sensor --- combined slot antenna --- diabetes --- dielectric permeability --- electromagnetic fields --- glucose concentration --- near-field sensor --- non-invasive measurements --- microwave sounding --- chymotrypsin --- β-casein --- nanoparticles --- UV-vis spectroscopy --- dynamic light scattering --- quartz crystal microbalance --- biologically inspired --- electronic eye --- optical methods --- RGB analysis --- tequila --- molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) --- surface plasmon resonance (SPR) --- plastic optical fiber (POF) --- 2-furaldheide (2-FAL) --- beverages --- optical chemical sensors --- biosensor --- immunosensor --- cardiac troponin I --- single-strand DNA --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- label-free --- proteins --- microfluidic chip --- self-assembled monolayers --- odor sensor --- market analysis --- technology assessment --- application field --- performance profile --- requirement profile --- biointelligence --- biological transformation --- temperature sensor --- Raman spectroscopy --- anti-Stokes/Stokes spectra --- titanium dioxide --- trypsin --- AuNPs --- acoustic wave biosensor --- colorimetric assay --- white light reflectance spectroscopy --- real-time immunosensor --- ELISA --- pesticides --- carbendazim --- fruit juices --- ECIS --- xCELLigence --- cellZscope --- hCMVEC --- endothelial cell --- impedance sensing --- light-addressable potentiometric sensor --- light-addressable electrode --- actuator-sensor system --- enzyme kinetics --- microfluidics --- HIV-1 p24 protein --- surface plasmon resonance --- surface modifications --- label-free detection --- artificial enzymes --- green synthesis --- hexacyanoferrates of transition and noble metals --- peroxidase mimetic --- amperometric (bio)sensor --- glucose oxidase --- glucose analysis --- electrocatalysis --- peroxynitrite --- flow injection analysis --- meat extracts --- myoglobin --- cobalt phthalocyanine --- electrochemical reduction --- screen-printed carbon electrode --- amperometric detection --- decay kinetics