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The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivative, an amino acid conjugate of JA (jasmonoyl isoleucine, JA-Ile), are signaling compounds involved in the regulation of defense and development in plants. The number of articles studying on JA has dramatically increased since the 1990s. JA is recognized as a stress hormone that regulates the plant response to biotic stresses such as herbivore and pathogen attacks, as well as abiotic stresses such as wounding and ultraviolet radiation. Recent studies have remarkably progressed the understanding of the importance of JA in the life cycle of plants. JA is directly involved in many physiological processes, including stamen growth, senescence, and root growth. JA regulates production of various metabolites such as phytoalexins and terpenoids. Many regulatory proteins involved in JA signaling have been identified by screening for Arabidopsis mutants. However, much more remains to be learned about JA signaling in other plant species. This Special Issue, “Jasmonic Acid Pathway in Plants”, contains 5 review and 15 research articles published by field experts. These articles will help with understanding the crucial roles of JA in its response to the several environmental stresses and development in plants.

transcription factor --- n/a --- ectopic metaxylem --- elicitor --- methyl jasmonate --- salicylic acid --- multiseeded --- Panax ginseng --- tea --- heterotrimeric G proteins --- Chinese flowering cabbage --- biosynthesis --- endocytosis --- jasmonic acid signaling --- MutMap --- JA-Ile --- gibberellic acid --- nitric oxide --- abiotic stresses --- MAP kinase --- light-sensitive --- transcriptional activation --- TIFY --- JAZ repressors --- JA --- gene expression --- environmental response --- xylogenesis --- priming --- jasmonate --- circadian clock --- phylogenetic analysis --- chloroplast --- Pogostemon cablin --- albino --- antioxidant enzyme activity --- stress --- Jas domain --- Zea mays --- auxin --- PatJAZ6 --- rice bacterial blight --- Tuscan varieties --- leaf senescence --- degron --- plant development --- Camellia sinensis --- AtRGS1 --- Prunus avium --- msd --- dammarenediol synthase --- sorghum --- jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway --- biological function --- ABA biosynthesis --- MYB transcription factor --- ethylene --- secondary metabolite --- cytokinin --- Nicotiana plants --- grain development --- grain number --- opr3 --- stress defense --- diffusion dynamics --- proline --- crosstalk --- ROS --- bioinformatics --- adventitious rooting --- ginsenoside --- jasmonates --- quantitative proteomics --- signaling --- signal molecules --- MeJA --- hypocotyl --- lipoxygenase --- jasmonic acid --- ancestral sequences --- proteomics --- Ralstonia solanacearum --- Jasmonate-ZIM domain --- signaling pathway --- patchouli alcohol --- volatile --- rice --- ectopic protoxylem --- chlorophyll fluorescence imaging --- type III effector --- fatty acid desaturase --- salt response --- transcriptional regulators --- aroma

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The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely common. The application of novel, sophisticated techniques, particularly related to imaging and molecular biology, has substantially advanced our understanding of the mechanisms controlling appetite and energy intake. This has led to a redefinition of many concepts, including the relative importance of central versus peripheral mechanisms, recognising that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly gut hormones, plays a critical role. Given the major advance in knowledge in the field, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of the GI mechanisms underlying the regulation of appetite and energy intake, as a series of definitive reviews by international authorities. The reviews address gut-related mechanisms, including nutrient sensing, gut hormones and GI motility, gut-brain communication, including the roles of the vagus and the modulation of reward perception, the roles of diet and the microbiota, as well as the abnormalities associated with eating disorders, specifically obesity and anorexia of ageing, and the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The reviews cover both preclinical research and studies in humans, and are complemented by a number of important original papers.

lixisenatide --- intragastric meal retention --- energy intake --- type 2 diabetes --- obesity --- amino acid --- isoleucine --- chronic supplementation --- energy expenditure --- oral glucose tolerance test --- glycaemic control --- gastric emptying breath test --- endocannabinoid --- cannabinoid CB1 receptor --- gut–brain --- intestine --- western diet --- preference --- whey protein --- gastric emptying --- appetite --- lifecourse --- gut hormones --- hunger --- protein --- TAS2R5 --- TAS2R39 --- TAS2R14 --- agonist --- food intake --- GLP1 --- CCK --- PYY --- miniature pig --- pig model --- functional brain imaging --- molecular imaging --- vagal afferents --- single fiber recording --- insulin resistance --- GLP-1r --- gastric barostat --- scintigraphy --- meal ingestion --- postprandial responses --- hedonic sensations --- homeostatic sensations --- abdominal wall activity --- abdominal distension --- taste --- fat --- carbohydrate --- bariatric surgery --- GLP-1 --- ghrelin --- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass --- gastric band --- sleeve gastrectomy --- circadian --- gastrointestinal tract --- enteroendocrine cells --- chemosensory --- GIP --- nutrients --- hormones --- food ingestion --- digestion --- satiety --- digestive well-being --- functional gastrointestinal disorders --- postprandial symptoms --- brainstem --- vagus --- feeding --- gastrointestinal --- cue reactivity --- meal anticipation --- motivation --- nutrient preference --- flavor --- aversion --- bile acids --- TGR-5 --- FXR --- gastrointestinal hormones --- body weight --- gastric accommodation --- satiation --- CB1 receptor --- gut-brain --- reward --- aging --- whey --- anorexia --- supplements --- sarcopenia --- nutrient sensing --- enteroendocrine cells (EECs) --- appetite regulation --- G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) --- bitter substances --- gastric motor function --- postprandial blood glucose --- preclinical studies --- human studies --- texture --- oro-sensory exposure --- sensory science --- cephalic responses --- brain areas --- brain stem --- weight management --- intestinal brake --- duodenal jejunal and ileal brake --- tastants --- circadian clock --- gastric bypass surgery --- microbiome --- hypothalamus --- n/a