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Fungal infections represent nowadays a significant burden on the healthcare system of most of the countries, and are among the infections with the highest mortality rates. This has fostered the study of the interaction of these organisms with the human host. The outer most layer of a fungal cell is the cell wall, and together with the secreted components into the extracellular compartment, are the first lines of contact with the host cells. This interaction is critical for tissue adhesion, colonization and damage. In addition, these fungal extracellular components will define the outcome of the interaction with the host immune cells, leading either to the establishment of a protective antifungal immune response or to an immune-evasive mechanism by the fungal cell. On the other hand, our immune system has effectively evolved to deal with fungal pathogens, developing strategies for cell eradication, burden control, or antigen presentation from the innate branch to the adaptive immune response. Here, we provide a series of comprehensive review papers dealing with both aspect of the interaction fungus-immune cells: the role of virulence factors and cell wall components during such interaction, and the recent advances in the study of cellular receptors in the establishment of a protective anti-fungal immune response.

Candida albicans --- Cell Wall --- Aspergillus --- Histoplasma --- melanin --- Paraccocidioides --- Cryptococcus --- Dermatophytes --- host-fungus interaction --- Candida parapsilosis

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Bacteria --- Imidazoles --- Antifungal Agents --- Candida albicans --- Candida --- drug effects --- pharmacology --- pharmacology --- drug effects --- drug effects

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Fungal infections represent nowadays a significant burden on the healthcare system of most of the countries, and are among the infections with the highest mortality rates. This has fostered the study of the interaction of these organisms with the human host. The outer most layer of a fungal cell is the cell wall, and together with the secreted components into the extracellular compartment, are the first lines of contact with the host cells. This interaction is critical for tissue adhesion, colonization and damage. In addition, these fungal extracellular components will define the outcome of the interaction with the host immune cells, leading either to the establishment of a protective antifungal immune response or to an immune-evasive mechanism by the fungal cell. On the other hand, our immune system has effectively evolved to deal with fungal pathogens, developing strategies for cell eradication, burden control, or antigen presentation from the innate branch to the adaptive immune response. Here, we provide a series of comprehensive review papers dealing with both aspect of the interaction fungus-immune cells: the role of virulence factors and cell wall components during such interaction, and the recent advances in the study of cellular receptors in the establishment of a protective anti-fungal immune response.

Candida albicans --- Cell Wall --- Aspergillus --- Histoplasma --- melanin --- Paraccocidioides --- Cryptococcus --- Dermatophytes --- host-fungus interaction --- Candida parapsilosis --- Candida albicans --- Cell Wall --- Aspergillus --- Histoplasma --- melanin --- Paraccocidioides --- Cryptococcus --- Dermatophytes --- host-fungus interaction --- Candida parapsilosis

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Nanostructured zinc oxide materials are capturing a great deal of interest thanks to their outstanding and multifunctional properties, enabling broad series of intervention in the field of nanomedicine. ZnO can be easily prepared in a broad variety of shapes and shows anticancer and antimicrobial properties that are of interest for tissue engineering, controlled delivery of therapeutics, and even theranostics. This book is thus dedicated to the most recent advances in the field, presented as a collection of research papers and reviews. It spans from the synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanomaterials to their applications in the nanomedicine field, ranging from anticancer nanotherapeutics to dental implants and antibacterial agents.

Technology: general issues --- ZnO nanoparticles --- Quantum dots --- theranostic --- drug delivery --- anti-tumour --- diabetes treatment --- anti-inflammation --- antibacterial --- antifungal --- wound healing --- denture stomatitis --- polymethylmethacrylate --- zinc oxide nanoparticles --- Candida albicans --- mesoporous glasses --- ZnO-additions --- osteostatin loading --- osteosteoblast cell cultures --- osteogenic effect --- zinc oxide --- microwave solvothermal synthesis --- hydrodynamic size --- surface chemistry --- nanocrystals --- cell cytotoxicity --- Supercritical CO2 --- ibuprofen --- NsZnO --- antimicrobial activity --- ZnO nanoparticles --- Quantum dots --- theranostic --- drug delivery --- anti-tumour --- diabetes treatment --- anti-inflammation --- antibacterial --- antifungal --- wound healing --- denture stomatitis --- polymethylmethacrylate --- zinc oxide nanoparticles --- Candida albicans --- mesoporous glasses --- ZnO-additions --- osteostatin loading --- osteosteoblast cell cultures --- osteogenic effect --- zinc oxide --- microwave solvothermal synthesis --- hydrodynamic size --- surface chemistry --- nanocrystals --- cell cytotoxicity --- Supercritical CO2 --- ibuprofen --- NsZnO --- antimicrobial activity

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Nanostructured zinc oxide materials are capturing a great deal of interest thanks to their outstanding and multifunctional properties, enabling broad series of intervention in the field of nanomedicine. ZnO can be easily prepared in a broad variety of shapes and shows anticancer and antimicrobial properties that are of interest for tissue engineering, controlled delivery of therapeutics, and even theranostics. This book is thus dedicated to the most recent advances in the field, presented as a collection of research papers and reviews. It spans from the synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanomaterials to their applications in the nanomedicine field, ranging from anticancer nanotherapeutics to dental implants and antibacterial agents.

ZnO nanoparticles --- Quantum dots --- theranostic --- drug delivery --- anti-tumour --- diabetes treatment --- anti-inflammation --- antibacterial --- antifungal --- wound healing --- denture stomatitis --- polymethylmethacrylate --- zinc oxide nanoparticles --- Candida albicans --- mesoporous glasses --- ZnO-additions --- osteostatin loading --- osteosteoblast cell cultures --- osteogenic effect --- zinc oxide --- microwave solvothermal synthesis --- hydrodynamic size --- surface chemistry --- nanocrystals --- cell cytotoxicity --- Supercritical CO2 --- ibuprofen --- NsZnO --- antimicrobial activity --- n/a