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Short of inventing a time machine, we will never see our extinct forebears in action and be able to determine directly how human behaviour and culture has developed. However, we can learn from our closest living relatives, the African great apes. The Cultured Chimpanzee explores the astonishing variation in chimpanzee behaviour across their range, which cannot be explained by individual learning, genetic or environmental influences. It promotes the view that this rich diversity in social life and material culture reflects social learning of traditions, and more closely resembles cultural variety in humans than the simpler behaviour of other animal species. This stimulating book shows that the field of cultural primatology may therefore help us to reconstruct the cultural evolution of Homo sapiens from earlier forms, and that it is essential for anthropologists, archaeologists and zoologists to work together to develop a stronger understanding of human and primate cultural evolution.

Chimpanzees --- Animal societies. --- Psychology, Comparative. --- Primatology. --- Behavior.

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Wild dolphins are an elusive subject for behavioral studies: How can you "do a Jane Goodall" on animals usually visible only as a glimpse of rolling dorsal fins heading for the horizon? In this unusual book, two of the best-known scientists in the marine-mammal field have assembled an astonishing variety of discoveries about dolphins. The contributions range from a graduate student's first paper to senior scientists summarizing a lifetime of research. The dolphins they have studied range from tiny spinners to majestic pilot whales, from killer whales to the familiar bottle-nosed dolphin. The research tactics vary just as widely: the researchers have followed dolphins in boats, tracked them from shore, dived among hundreds of them (plus a few sharks) in tuna fishing nets. They have used computers and airplanes, genetic analysis and artificial language, and learned to read the life history of a dolphin from the cross-section of a single tooth.Pryor and Norris are successful writers as well as scientists; the book is peppered with entertaining essays, by one or both editors, on the intriguing history of dolphin research. Dolphin Societies not only surveys the most interesting recent research on dolphin behavior but also gives lay readers a fascinating look at the scientific mind at work.

Dolphins --- Social behavior in animals. --- Animal behavior --- Animal societies --- Behavior.

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L'apparition de la coopération et de la socialité dans le règne animal est une transition majeure de l'évolution. Cet ouvrage traite à la fois de l'évolution de la coopération et de l'organisation des sociétés animales. Il a pour fil conducteur l'analyse économique des comportements, c'est-à-dire leur étude en termes des coûts et des bénéfices sur le succès dans la reproduction. Après un bref rappel des mécanismes de la sélection naturelle et une définition claire des phénomènes sociaux, le lecteur trouvera une synthèse des quatre concepts expliquant l'évolution de la coopération et de la socialité chez les animaux : le mutualisme, la sélection de la parentèle, la réciprocité et la sélection de groupes. Les chapitres qui suivent consistent en une progression taxinomique à travers le règne animal. À l'approche théorique et expérimentale permettant de rendre compte de l'évolution de la coopération est associée une vision actualisée de l'organisation des sociétés, successivement chez les insectes, les poissons, les oiseaux, les mammifères non primates et les primates non humains. La dernière partie est consacrée à un aspect méconnu du fonctionnement des sociétés animales : les conflits reproductifs entre individus d'une même société. Dans son approche, cet ouvrage s'inspire de l'écologie comportementale, une discipline de la biologie située au carrefour de l'éthologie, de l'écologie et de l'évolution.

Social behavior in animals. --- Animal behavior. --- Animal societies.

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Animal ethology and ecology. Sociobiology --- Social behavior in animals --- Comportement social chez les animaux --- 591.55 --- Communal life. Animal societies --- Social behavior in animals. --- 591.55 Communal life. Animal societies --- Animal behavior --- Animal societies

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Social behavior in animals --- Animal behavior --- Animal societies --- Social behavior in animals.