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One of the most troubling but least studied features of mass political violence is why violence often recurs in the same place over long periods of time. Douglas Kammen explores this pattern in Three Centuries of Conflict in East Timor, studying that region's tragic past, focusing on the small district of Maubara. Once a small but powerful kingdom embedded in long-distance networks of trade, over the course of three centuries the people of Maubara experienced benevolent but precarious Dutch suzerainty, Portuguese colonialism punctuated by multiple uprisings and destructive campaigns of pacification, Japanese military rule, and years of brutal Indonesian occupation. In 1999 Maubara was the site of particularly severe violence before and after the UN-sponsored referendum that finally led to the restoration of East Timor's independence. Beginning with the mystery of paired murders during East Timor's failed decolonization in 1975 and the final flurry of state-sponsored violence in 1999, Kammen combines an archival trail and rich oral interviews to reconstruct the history of the leading families of Maubara from 1712 until 2012. Kammen illuminates how recurrent episodes of mass violence shaped alliances and enmities within Maubara as well as with supra-local actors, and how those legacies have influenced efforts to address human rights violations, post-conflict reconstruction, and the relationship between local experience and the identification with the East Timorese nation. The questions posed in Three Centuries of Conflict in East Timor about recurring violence and local narratives apply to many other places besides East Timor-from the Caucasus to central Africa, and from the Balkans to China-where mass violence keeps recurring.
Political violence --- History. --- Timor-Leste --- Violence --- Political crimes and offenses --- Terrorism --- East Timor --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- RDTL --- 東ティモール --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östtimor --- Östra Timor --- Тимор-Лесте --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste
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The Indonesian province of Timor-Leste made international news when it decided to break away from Indonesia in 1999. The decision sparked deadly rampages by pro-integrationist militias, violence that only abated when the UN sent a force to maintain peace and help ease the way to actual independence. This book details the political history of Timor-Leste, both preceding and following the declaration of independence, and it uses the events, consequences, and lessons of that period to help us understand what to expect for similar experiments in democracy building elsewhere in the world.
POLITICAL SCIENCE / General. --- Timor-Leste --- Politics and government. --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Politics and government --- 2000-2099 --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Process / General. --- Constitutionalism. --- Decentralization. --- Democracy. --- Elections: Semi-presidentialism.
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This Element explores the primary modes by which rulers have exercised power and shaped political relations in Timor-Leste across four distinct periods. The contrast between coercion under colonial rule and consent expressed through the 1999 referendum on independence exerted a powerful influence on scholarship on Timor-Leste's politics and future. Since the restoration of independence in 2002, however, politics in Timor-Leste are best understood in terms of powerful economic constraints during the first Fretilin government (2002-06), and thereafter, thanks to revenue from the country's petroleum reserves, a ruling strategy based on a wide range of inducements (rather than genuine consent).
Political sociology --- Mass political behavior --- Political behavior --- Political science --- Sociology --- Sociological aspects --- Timor-Leste --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Social conditions --- Politics and government. --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste --- Referendum.
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The challenges facing an independent East Timor are particularly acute. It is not only one of the poorest nations on earth but the terrible events of 1999 have also destroyed much of the country's buildings and infrastructure, as well as the nation's bureaucratic and commercial capacity. The decisions and the policy framework adopted in the early years by the leaders of this new nation will be critical. This book is an original work written by experts and well-known specialists in the field. It assembles all the latest information about the economy, assesses future policy options, and draws on lessons of international experience for this new nation. It is perhaps the only book about East Timor with this coverage and will be invaluable to those who are interested in developments in the region.
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Development / Economic Development. --- Timor-Leste --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Economic conditions. --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste
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Over the past 40 years, life in Timor-Leste has changed radically. Before 1975 most of the population lived in highland villages, spoke local languages, and rarely used money. Today many have moved to peri-urban lowland settlements, and even those whose lives remain dominated by customary ways understand that those of their children will not. For the Atoni Pah Meto of Timor-Leste's remote Oecussi Enclave, the world was neatly divided into two distinct categories: the meto (indigenous), and the kase (foreign). Now matters are less clear; the good things of the globalised world are pursued not through rejecting the meto ways of the village, or collapsing them into the kase, but through continual crossing between them. In this way, the people of Oecussi are able to identify in the struggles of lowland life, the comforting and often decisive presence of familiar highland spirits.
Indigenous peoples --- Aboriginal peoples --- Aborigines --- Adivasis --- Indigenous populations --- Native peoples --- Native races --- Ethnology --- Timor-Leste --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Civilization. --- History. --- Anthropology, narrative ethnography, Timor-Leste, Indonesian, borderlines. --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste
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Island Encounters is a narrative of Timor shaped by a journey from the outside in.
Memoirs --- True stories: discovery / historical / scientific --- Anthropology --- Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography --- Physical anthropology --- Timor Leste --- Timor-Leste --- development --- environment --- Culture --- travel --- Description and travel. --- Social life and customs. --- Social conditions. --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste --- Timor Timur (Indonesia)
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"ASEAN, as being on the very core of this matter, deserves close attention through the case of Timor-Leste for understanding international strategic inclusion-exclusion dynamics. The manuscript we provide tackles this case through a small country 'in-between' the core global actors of economic and political concern: Timor-Leste as a ground for grasping large-scale complexities in decision-making processes, as much as the micro-understanding and dynamics of a small country 'within the game' - if not even on the forefront"--
ASEAN --- Membership. --- Timor-Leste --- Southeast Asia --- Foreign relations --- Association of Southeast Asian nations --- Asia, Southeast --- Asia, Southeastern --- South East Asia --- Southeastern Asia --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- International relations.
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Very little has been written on the economy of East Timor since the country’s independence in 2002, and no comprehensive account exists of the economic history of the country. The former cannot be properly understood without a knowledge of the historical process that created the present-day situation. This research monograph is the first book to combine a historical analysis of the creation and development of the economy of East Timor from the earliest times to the present, and an analysis of the main contemporary problems facing the East Timorese economy. Volume II offers a detailed analysis of the economy of East Timor, of politics, fiscal policy and social progress. It pays particular attention to structural problems: employment generation and the lack of a modern sector, the modernization of agriculture and the management of the oil deposits in the Timor Sea. The first volume, available separately, considers East Timor from a chronological perspective, as a Portuguese colony, and a country occupied by Indonesia up to national independence in 2002. This book will appeal to economists, political scientists and social scientists in general as well as practitioners, since it focuses on down-to-earth problems that need to be solved for the economy to develop. The book can also be read by students both at the undergraduate and graduate levels and could be used for case studies in development. .
Economic history. --- Timor-Leste --- Economic conditions. --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Asia—History. --- Development economics. --- Political science. --- Economic development. --- Natural resources. --- Economic History. --- Asian History. --- Development Economics. --- Political Science. --- Development Studies. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics. --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Economic development --- Economic aspects --- Asia --- Power resources. --- History. --- Energy --- Energy resources --- Power supply --- Energy harvesting --- Energy industries
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After enduring years of conflict and destruction, Timor-Leste has risen from the ashes and, within a short span of time, made remarkable strides toward recovery and reconstruction. It is today a nation well on its way to peace and prosperity, creating an example to be followed by other fragile and underdeveloped countries. Timor-Leste: The History and Development of Asia's Newest Nation examines this journey through the social, political, and economic development of the young state.
Postwar reconstruction --- Nation-building --- Economic development --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Post-conflict reconstruction --- Reconstruction, Postwar --- Timor-Leste --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- History. --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste
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Ehud Eiran compares three major settlement projects - Israel in the West Bank and Gaza, Morocco in Western Sahara and Indonesia in East-Timor - to discover why states launch settlements against international norms. He argues that post-colonial settlement projects are a distinct cluster of cases, separate from traditional colonial studies.
Colonization. --- Colonisation --- Imperialism --- Land settlement --- Colonies --- Decolonization --- Emigration and immigration --- Postcolonialism. --- West Bank --- Western Sahara --- Timor-Leste --- Social conditions. --- Post-colonialism --- Postcolonial theory --- Political science --- Democratic Republic of East Timor --- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste --- East Timor --- Higashi Timōru --- Itä-Timor --- Östra Timor --- Östtimor --- RDTL --- Repoṕlika Democrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- República Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e --- Repúplica Democrática de Timor-Leste --- Timor Lorosa'e --- Timor Wschodni --- Тимор-Лесте --- 東ティモール --- Timor Timur (Indonesia) --- Länsi-Sahara --- Maʻarav Saharah --- Nishisahara --- Sahara Occidental --- Saharan demokraattinen arabitasavalta --- Ṣaḥrāʼ al-Gharbīyah --- Taneẓroft Tutrimt --- Västsahara --- Zapadnai︠a︡ Sakhara --- Западная Сахара --- מערב סהרה --- صحراء الغربية --- 西サハラ --- Spanish Sahara --- Ḍaffah al-Gharbīyah --- Gadah ha-maʻaravit --- Judaea and Samaria --- Judea and Samaria --- West Bank of the Jordan River --- Yehudah ṿeha-Shomron --- Palestine --- Constitutional Government of East Timor --- Governo Constitucional de Timor-Leste --- Governu Konstitutionál da Timor-Leste