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Sagebrush steppe ecology --- Forest litter --- Watershed management --- Biodegradation

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Sage grouse --- Sage grouse --- Sagebrush steppe ecology --- Range ecology --- Range management --- Habitat conservation --- Conservation --- Environmental aspects

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Pinyon pines --- Junipers --- Sagebrush steppe ecology --- Forest management --- Ecosystem management --- Spatial ecology. --- Ecology

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Wildlife conservation --- Wetland conservation --- Grassland conservation --- Sagebrush steppe ecology --- Forest conservation --- Blackfoot River Valley (Mont.) --- Montana --- Planning.

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In this study, the U.S. Geological Survey investigated the use of insects as bioindicators of climate change in sagebrush steppe shrublands and grasslands in the Upper Columbia Basin. The research was conducted in the Stinkingwater and Pueblo mountain ranges in eastern Oregon on lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management. We used a "space-for-time" sampling design that related insect communities to climate and weather along elevation gradients. Overall, our interpretation of these patterns is that insect communities respond positively and negatively to weather and local vegetation more than to long-term climate. Given increasing variability in weather and high probability of extreme weather events, insect communities in sagebrush steppe also may experience considerable fluctuations in composition and abundance, as well as phenology. These findings have implications for many ecosystem services, including pollination, decomposition, and food resources for predatory birds and other vertebrates.

Sagebrush steppe ecology --- Insect populations --- Insect-plant relationships --- Insects --- Public lands --- Climatic factors --- Effect of altitude on --- Management. --- Eastern Oregon.