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The first comprehensive political history of the communist partyVanguard of the Revolution is a sweeping history of one of the most significant political institutions of the modern world. The communist party was a revolutionary idea long before its supporters came to power. In this book, A. James McAdams argues that the rise and fall of communism can be understood only by taking into account the origins and evolution of this compelling idea. He shows how the leaders of parties in countries as diverse as the Soviet Union, China, Germany, Yugoslavia, Cuba, and North Korea adapted the original ideas of revolutionaries like Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin to profoundly different social and cultural settings.Taking readers from the drafting of The Communist Manifesto in the 1840s to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, McAdams describes the decisive role played by individual rulers in the success of their respective parties-men like Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Fidel Castro. He demonstrates how these personalities drew on vying conceptions of the party's functions to mesmerize their followers, mobilize their populations, and transform their societies. He also shows how many of these figures abused these ideas to justify incomprehensible acts of inhumanity. McAdams explains why communist parties lasted as long as they did, and why they either disappeared or ceased to be meaningful institutions by the close of the twentieth century.The first comprehensive political history of the communist party, Vanguard of the Revolution is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand world communism and the captivating idea that gave it life.

Communism --- History. --- Activism. --- Bolsheviks. --- Bourgeoisie. --- Capitalism. --- Central Committee. --- Chairman. --- Chiang Kai-shek. --- China. --- Class conflict. --- Collective leadership. --- Cominform. --- Communism. --- Communist International. --- Communist Party USA. --- Communist Party of China. --- Communist Party of Germany. --- Communist Party of the Russian Federation. --- Communist Party of the Soviet Union. --- Communist party. --- Communist state. --- Comrade. --- Counter-revolutionary. --- Criticism. --- Cultural Revolution. --- Czechoslovakia. --- Democracy. --- Democratic centralism. --- Deng Xiaoping. --- Despotism. --- Dictatorship of the proletariat. --- Dictatorship. --- Employment. --- Erich Honecker. --- Failed state. --- French Communist Party. --- Governance. --- Government. --- Grigory Zinoviev. --- Ideology. --- Imperialism. --- Institution. --- Insurrectionary anarchism. --- Joseph Stalin. --- Josip Broz Tito. --- Kuomintang. --- Labor unrest. --- Left-wing politics. --- Leninism. --- Leon Trotsky. --- Leonid Brezhnev. --- Liu Shaoqi. --- Majority. --- Manifesto. --- Mao Zedong. --- Maoism. --- Marxism. --- Marxism–Leninism. --- Mass mobilization. --- Mikhail Gorbachev. --- Nationalization. --- New Course. --- New Economic Policy. --- Nikita Khrushchev. --- Nikolai Bukharin. --- Paris Commune. --- Party discipline. --- Party leader. --- Politburo. --- Political party. --- Politician. --- Politics. --- Populism. --- Pretext. --- Proclamation. --- Proletarian revolution. --- Protest. --- Rebellion. --- Reformism. --- Regime. --- Representative democracy. --- Revolution. --- Revolutionary movement. --- Self-determination. --- Social democracy. --- Socialist state. --- Sovereignty. --- Soviet Union. --- Soviet people. --- Stalinism. --- Strike action. --- Supporter. --- The Communist Manifesto. --- Trade union. --- Unintended consequences. --- Vanguardism. --- Voting. --- War. --- Working class. --- Yugoslavia. --- Zhou Enlai.

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L'apparente adhésion des États du monde entier au constitutionnalisme constitue-t-elle pour autant un progrès de la démocratie ? À l'encontre de cette intuition commune, l'ouvrage revient sur les difficultés trop souvent négligées qu'il y a à conjuguer la garantie des droits fondamentaux assurée par l'État de droit avec les exigences de la démocratie. Comment concevoir un gouvernement du peuple quand la décision ultime semble incomber à des instances juridictionnelles non élues, que celles-ci soient nationales ou - difficulté plus épineuse encore - internationales ? Mais l'ouvrage se penche avant tout sur les apories du concept de démocratie lui-même. L'examen des développements récents du constitutionnalisme donne ainsi l'occasion d'effectuer des retours critiques sur ce qui est conceptuellement requis pour tâcher de penser la démocratie dans le monde contemporain.

Democracy --- Constitutional law --- BPB9999 --- Droits de l'homme --- Constitutionnalisme --- Démocratie --- État --- Démocratie --- BPB1903 --- Démocratie parlementaire --- Démocratie représentative --- Droit constitutionnel --- Parlementaire democratie --- Representatieve democratie --- Grondwettelijk recht --- e drejta kushtetuese --- drept constituțional --- riigiõigus --- Derecho constitucional --- constitutional law --- prawo konstytucyjne --- alkotmányjog --- valtiosääntöoikeus --- konstitucinė teisė --- уставно право --- forfatningsret --- direito constitucional --- författningsrätt --- konstitucionālais likums --- ústavné právo --- ustavno pravo --- ústavní právo --- конституционно право --- Verfassungsrecht --- συνταγματικό δίκαιο --- grondwettelijk recht --- diritto costituzionale --- dritt kostituzzjonali --- ligj parlamentar --- konstitucionalistika --- parlamentinė teisė --- staatsrecht --- konstitutionel ret --- parlamentārās tiesības --- politiek recht --- derecho político --- direito parlamentar --- Derecho parlamentario --- κοινοβουλευτικό δίκαιο --- parlamenti jog --- diritto parlamentare --- droit parlementaire --- parlementair recht --- parlamentní právo --- πολιτικό δικαίωμα --- politikai jog --- konstitucionālās tiesības --- parlamentarisk ret --- конституционално право --- prawo parlamentarne --- droit politique --- liġi parlamentari --- konstitutionell rätt --- oikeuspolitiikka --- parlamentné právo --- direito político --- parliamentary law --- valsts tiesības --- парламентарно право --- parlamentaarne õigus --- parlamentarno pravo --- Parlamentsrecht --- drept parlamentar --- státní právo --- statsforfatningsret --- diritto politico --- politisches Recht --- parlamentaarinen oikeus --- repræsentativt demokrati --- predstavnička demokracija --- netiešā demokrātija --- zastupitelská demokracie --- esindusdemokraatia --- претставничка демократија --- democracia representativa --- democrazia rappresentativa --- zastupiteľská demokracia --- predstavniška demokracija --- repräsentative Demokratie --- αντιπροσωπευτική δημοκρατία --- democrație reprezentativă --- representatieve democratie --- demokracja przedstawicielska --- representative democracy --- representativ demokrati --- edustuksellinen demokratia --- demokraci përfaqësuese --- képviseleti demokrácia --- daonlathas ionadaíoch --- представителна демокрация --- atstovaujamoji demokratija --- представничка демократија --- demokrazija rappreżentattiva --- reprezentativna demokracija --- parlamentaarne demokraatia --- demokracja pośrednia --- démocratie indirecte --- democrazia indiretta --- parlamentaarinen demokratia --- parlamentinė demokratija --- démocratie parlementaire --- индиректна демократија --- parlamentáris demokrácia --- posredna demokracija --- έμμεση δημοκρατία --- democracia parlamentar --- demokracja parlamentarna --- democracia parlamentaria --- democrazia parlamentare --- parlamentarna demokracija --- parlementarisk demokrati --- democracia indireta --- indirekt demokrati --- parlementaire democratie --- indirekte Demokratie --- parlamentāra demokrātija --- parlamentarische Demokratie --- репрезентативна демократија --- democrație indirectă --- посредна демократија --- парламентарна демокрация --- indirect democracy --- közvetett demokrácia --- democrație parlamentară --- demokrazija parlamentari --- mittelbare Demokratie --- democracia indirecta --- parlamentarisk demokrati --- indirecte democratie --- demokraci parlamentare --- κοινοβουλευτική δημοκρατία --- netiesioginė demokratija --- parlamentná demokracia --- välillinen demokratia --- indirekte demokrati --- parlamentní demokracie --- demokrazija indiretta --- парламентарна демократија --- nepriama demokracia --- demokraci e tërthortë --- nepřímá demokracie --- parliamentary democracy --- непряка демокрация --- État. --- dlí bunreachtúil --- Démocratie représentative --- Démocratie.

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In this updated and expanded edition of his classic text, Arend Lijphart offers a broader and deeper analysis of worldwide democratic institutions than ever before. Examining thirty-six democracies during the period from 1945 to 2010, Lijphart arrives at important-and unexpected-conclusions about what type of democracy works best. Praise for the previous edition:";Magnificent. . . . The best-researched book on democracy in the world today.";-Malcolm Mackerras, American Review of Politics"; I can't think of another scholar as well qualified as Lijphart to write a book of this kind. He has an amazing grasp of the relevant literature, and he's compiled an unmatched collection of data.";-Robert A. Dahl, Yale University"; This sound comparative research . . . will continue to be a standard in graduate and undergraduate courses in comparative politics.";-Choice

Government --- Political systems --- Democracy --- Comparative government --- Démocratie représentative --- #SBIB:324H20 --- #SBIB:324H40 --- Étude comparative --- Gouvernement --- BPB1501 --- Representatieve democratie --- Politologie: theorieën (democratie, comparatieve studieën….) --- Politieke structuren: algemeen --- Vergelijkende studie --- Regering --- Comparative government. --- Democracy. --- Démocratie --- Institutions politiques comparées --- Science politique --- Démocratie --- Institutions politiques comparées --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Comparative political systems --- Comparative politics --- Government, Comparative --- Political systems, Comparative --- Études comparatives. --- government --- rząd --- valtioneuvosto --- kormány --- guvern --- valitsus --- governo --- vyriausybė --- gvern --- Regierung --- vlada --- qeveri --- правителство --- κυβέρνηση --- влада --- regering --- valdība --- vláda --- Gobierno --- gouvernement national --- hallitusrakenne --- órgano de gobierno de ente preautonómico --- statsstyrelse --- valtion hallitus --- gabinete --- national government --- vládní kabinet --- Kabinett --- végrehajtó hatalmi ág --- nemzeti kormány --- nationell regering --- riigi valitsus --- gobierno nacional --- nacionalna vlada --- structură guvernamentală --- složení vlády --- Gobierno autonómico --- valsts valdība --- qeveri kombëtare --- estrutura governamental --- vyriausybės struktūra --- governo regionale --- zloženie vlády --- Bundesregierung --- struktura e qeverisë --- valitsusstruktuur --- šalies vyriausybė --- government structure --- kabinet --- kormányzati szerkezet --- vláda složeného státu --- nationale Regierung --- kormányzat --- governo nazionale --- celostátní (federální) vláda --- Κυβέρνηση της χώρας --- national regering --- Landesregierung --- valdības struktūra --- governo nacional --- vládny kabinet --- gobierno regional --- nationale regering --- lyginamoji studija --- vergelijkende studie --- упоредна студија --- estudio comparativo --- jämförande studie --- studju komparattiv --- vergleichende Studie --- poredbena studija --- studia porównawcze --- võrdlev uurimus --- συγκριτική μελέτη --- összehasonlító tanulmány --- sammenlignende undersøgelse --- porovnávacia štúdia --- salīdzināmā pētniecība --- primerjalna študija --- vertaileva tutkimus --- studim krahasues --- studiu comparativ --- studio comparativo --- estudo comparativo --- srovnávací studie --- comparative study --- споредбена студија --- сравнително изследване --- komparativna studija --- компаративна студија --- komparativní studie --- repræsentativt demokrati --- predstavnička demokracija --- netiešā demokrātija --- zastupitelská demokracie --- esindusdemokraatia --- претставничка демократија --- democracia representativa --- democrazia rappresentativa --- zastupiteľská demokracia --- predstavniška demokracija --- repräsentative Demokratie --- αντιπροσωπευτική δημοκρατία --- democrație reprezentativă --- representatieve democratie --- demokracja przedstawicielska --- representative democracy --- representativ demokrati --- edustuksellinen demokratia --- demokraci përfaqësuese --- képviseleti demokrácia --- daonlathas ionadaíoch --- представителна демокрация --- atstovaujamoji demokratija --- представничка демократија --- demokrazija rappreżentattiva --- reprezentativna demokracija --- parlamentaarne demokraatia --- demokracja pośrednia --- démocratie indirecte --- democrazia indiretta --- parlamentaarinen demokratia --- parlamentinė demokratija --- démocratie parlementaire --- индиректна демократија --- parlamentáris demokrácia --- posredna demokracija --- έμμεση δημοκρατία --- democracia parlamentar --- demokracja parlamentarna --- democracia parlamentaria --- democrazia parlamentare --- parlamentarna demokracija --- parlementarisk demokrati --- democracia indireta --- indirekt demokrati --- parlementaire democratie --- indirekte Demokratie --- parlamentāra demokrātija --- parlamentarische Demokratie --- репрезентативна демократија --- democrație indirectă --- посредна демократија --- парламентарна демокрация --- indirect democracy --- közvetett demokrácia --- democrație parlamentară --- demokrazija parlamentari --- mittelbare Demokratie --- democracia indirecta --- parlamentarisk demokrati --- indirecte democratie --- demokraci parlamentare --- κοινοβουλευτική δημοκρατία --- netiesioginė demokratija --- parlamentná demokracia --- välillinen demokratia --- indirekte demokrati --- parlamentní demokracie --- demokrazija indiretta --- парламентарна демократија --- nepriama demokracia --- demokraci e tërthortë --- nepřímá demokracie --- parliamentary democracy --- непряка демокрация --- rialtas --- staidéar comparáideach --- Democracy.. --- Démocratie représentative --- Étude comparative --- Études comparatives.

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Comment comprendre les événements politiques majeurs survenus sur tous les continents durant ces vingt-cinq dernières années ? Quel sens attribuer aux diverses (r)évolutions à la faveur desquelles se sont multipliés les « États de droit » ayant en vue d’assujettir, sous la férule du juge constitutionnel, le pouvoir politique au respect des droits fondamentaux de l’individu, constitutionnellement garantis ? L’ouvrage s’efforce de dégager des perspectives théoriques permettant de conduire une réflexion sur la nature de ce qui est souvent présenté comme l’aboutissement du « constitutionnalisme » né à la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Peut-on, en ce sens, recourir à l’expression de « néo-constitutionnalisme » ? Ou ne serait-il pas préférable de faire plutôt l’hypothèse d’une reconstruction doctrinale de ce qu’est supposé avoir été le constitutionnalisme des siècles précédents, en vue d’accorder artificiellement la réalité politique contemporaine à ce passé revisité ? Néo ou rétro ? Tels sont les deux axes principaux entre lesquels balancent les auteurs de cet ouvrage dans leur compréhension du constitutionnalisme d’aujourd’hui.

Constitutional law --- BPB9999 --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Interpretation and construction --- Démocratie. --- Constitutionnalisme. --- Philosophie politique. --- Droits de l'homme (droit international). --- Constitutionnalisme --- Droit constitutionnel. --- Contrôle juridictionnel des lois --- Cours constitutionnelles --- Droit pénal --- Droit constitutionnel --- Histoire --- Histoire. --- Démocratie. --- Droits de l'homme (droit international) --- BPB1903 --- Démocratie représentative --- Démocratie parlementaire --- Démocratisation --- Grondwettelijk recht --- Representatieve democratie --- Parlementaire democratie --- Democratisering --- democratizzazione --- demokratizim --- demokratizálódás --- demokratyzacja --- demokratizzazzjoni --- demokratisointi --- демократизация --- demokratizacija --- демократизација --- demokratiseerimine --- demokratizācija --- demokratizácia --- democratisation --- demokratizavimas --- εκδημοκρατισμός --- democratización --- democratizare --- democratização --- democratisering --- Demokratisierung --- demokratizace --- demokratisering --- процес на демократизација --- democratization --- repræsentativt demokrati --- predstavnička demokracija --- netiešā demokrātija --- zastupitelská demokracie --- esindusdemokraatia --- претставничка демократија --- democracia representativa --- democrazia rappresentativa --- zastupiteľská demokracia --- predstavniška demokracija --- repräsentative Demokratie --- αντιπροσωπευτική δημοκρατία --- democrație reprezentativă --- representatieve democratie --- demokracja przedstawicielska --- representative democracy --- representativ demokrati --- edustuksellinen demokratia --- demokraci përfaqësuese --- képviseleti demokrácia --- daonlathas ionadaíoch --- представителна демокрация --- atstovaujamoji demokratija --- представничка демократија --- demokrazija rappreżentattiva --- reprezentativna demokracija --- parlamentaarne demokraatia --- demokracja pośrednia --- démocratie indirecte --- democrazia indiretta --- parlamentaarinen demokratia --- parlamentinė demokratija --- démocratie parlementaire --- индиректна демократија --- parlamentáris demokrácia --- posredna demokracija --- έμμεση δημοκρατία --- democracia parlamentar --- demokracja parlamentarna --- democracia parlamentaria --- democrazia parlamentare --- parlamentarna demokracija --- parlementarisk demokrati --- democracia indireta --- indirekt demokrati --- parlementaire democratie --- indirekte Demokratie --- parlamentāra demokrātija --- parlamentarische Demokratie --- репрезентативна демократија --- democrație indirectă --- посредна демократија --- парламентарна демокрация --- indirect democracy --- közvetett demokrácia --- democrație parlamentară --- demokrazija parlamentari --- mittelbare Demokratie --- democracia indirecta --- parlamentarisk demokrati --- indirecte democratie --- demokraci parlamentare --- κοινοβουλευτική δημοκρατία --- netiesioginė demokratija --- parlamentná demokracia --- välillinen demokratia --- indirekte demokrati --- parlamentní demokracie --- demokrazija indiretta --- парламентарна демократија --- nepriama demokracia --- demokraci e tërthortë --- nepřímá demokracie --- parliamentary democracy --- непряка демокрация --- e drejta kushtetuese --- drept constituțional --- riigiõigus --- Derecho constitucional --- constitutional law --- prawo konstytucyjne --- alkotmányjog --- valtiosääntöoikeus --- konstitucinė teisė --- уставно право --- forfatningsret --- direito constitucional --- författningsrätt --- konstitucionālais likums --- ústavné právo --- ustavno pravo --- ústavní právo --- конституционно право --- Verfassungsrecht --- συνταγματικό δίκαιο --- grondwettelijk recht --- diritto costituzionale --- dritt kostituzzjonali --- ligj parlamentar --- konstitucionalistika --- parlamentinė teisė --- staatsrecht --- konstitutionel ret --- parlamentārās tiesības --- politiek recht --- derecho político --- direito parlamentar --- Derecho parlamentario --- κοινοβουλευτικό δίκαιο --- parlamenti jog --- diritto parlamentare --- droit parlementaire --- parlementair recht --- parlamentní právo --- πολιτικό δικαίωμα --- politikai jog --- konstitucionālās tiesības --- parlamentarisk ret --- конституционално право --- prawo parlamentarne --- droit politique --- liġi parlamentari --- konstitutionell rätt --- oikeuspolitiikka --- parlamentné právo --- direito político --- parliamentary law --- valsts tiesības --- парламентарно право --- parlamentaarne õigus --- parlamentarno pravo --- Parlamentsrecht --- drept parlamentar --- státní právo --- statsforfatningsret --- diritto politico --- politisches Recht --- parlamentaarinen oikeus --- daonlathú --- dlí bunreachtúil --- Démocratisation --- Démocratie représentative

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To the ancient Greeks, democracy meant gathering in public and debating laws set by a randomly selected assembly of several hundred citizens. To the Icelandic Vikings, democracy meant meeting every summer in a field to discuss issues until consensus was reached. Our contemporary representative democracies are very different. Modern parliaments are gated and guarded, and it seems as if only certain people - with the right suit, accent, wealth, and connections - are welcome. Diagnosing what is wrong with representative government and aiming to recover some of the lost openness of ancient democracies, this book presents a new paradigm of democracy in which power is genuinely accessible to ordinary citizens.

Political systems --- démocratie participative --- représentation politique --- Deliberative democracy --- Representative government and representation --- Political participation --- BPB2104 --- #SBIB:324H50 --- Discursive democracy --- Democracy --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Mass political behavior --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political behavior --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Politics, Practical --- Parliamentary government --- Political representation --- Representation --- Self-government --- Constitutional history --- Constitutional law --- Political science --- Elections --- Republics --- Suffrage --- politické zastoupení --- reprezentacja polityczna --- politikai képviselet --- politisk representation --- poliitiline esindus --- politiskā pārstāvība --- reprezentare politică --- politinis atstovavimas --- politisk repræsentation --- politično predstavništvo --- political representation --- πολιτική εκπροσώπηση --- representación política --- политичко заступање --- политичка застапеност --- politická reprezentace --- përfaqësim politik --- ionadaíocht pholaitiúil --- politieke vertegenwoordiging --- politická reprezentácia --- politische Vertretung --- rappreżentanza politika --- representação política --- poliittinen edustus --- rappresentanza politica --- политическо представяне --- političko zastupanje --- participative democracy --- δημοκρατική συμμετοχή --- demokratische Partizipation --- demokratisk deltagelse --- demokratická participácia --- demokraatlik osalus --- demokratinis dalyvavimas --- parteċipazzjoni demokratika --- participation démocratique --- uczestnictwo w demokracji --- sudionička demokracija --- participación democrática --- demokratikus részvétel --- osallistuva demokratia --- pjesëmarrje demokratike --- демократско учество --- demokratična udeležba --- demokrātiskā līdzdalība --- democratic participation --- demokratische Mitbestimmung --- participare democratică --- democratische participatie --- demokratiskt deltagande --- participação democrática --- részvételen alapuló demokrácia --- демократско учешће --- demokratická účast --- partecipazione democratica --- учествувачка демократија --- deltagelsesdemokrati --- osallistava demokratia --- partizipative Demokratie --- democrație participativă --- democrazia partecipativa --- participativní demokracie --- συμμετοχική δημοκρατία --- deltagandedemokrati --- osalusdemokraatia --- demokrazija parteċipattiva --- demokraci pjesëmarrëse --- participatieve democratie --- līdzdalības demokrātija --- dalyvaujamoji demokratija --- részvételi demokrácia --- daonlathas rannpháirtíochta --- партиципативна демократија --- партиципативна демокрация --- participatívna demokracia --- democracia participativa --- participatory democracy --- demokracja uczestnicząca --- participativna demokracija --- Politieke participatie en legitimiteit (referenda, directe democratie, publieke opinie...) --- DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY -- 323.22 --- CASESTUDIES -- 323.22 --- ICELAND -- 323.22 --- CASE STUDIES -- 321.7 --- représentation politique --- démocratie participative --- Deliberative democracy. --- Representative government and representation. --- Political participation. --- Deliberative democracy - Iceland - Case studies. --- 1944 constitution. --- Citizen Convention on Climate Change. --- Democracy When the People Are Thinking. --- Democracy and Knowledge. --- France. --- Great National Debate. --- Iceland. --- Icelandic constitutional process. --- James Fishkin. --- Josiah Ober. --- Lisa Disch. --- Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens. --- Michael Saward. --- Nathan Heller. --- Rousseau. --- The New Yorker. --- The Representative Claim. --- Vikings. --- citizen assemblies. --- classical Athens. --- climate change. --- constitution. --- crisis of democracy. --- crowdsourcing. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- democratic crisis. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic representation. --- democraticity. --- direct democracy. --- dynamic inclusiveness. --- electoral paradigm. --- electoral representation. --- exclusionary biases. --- illiberalism. --- inductive political theory. --- legitimacy. --- liquid representation. --- lottocratic representation. --- majoritarianism. --- majority rule. --- oligarchic biases. --- oligarchy. --- open mini-public. --- participation rights. --- participatory democracy. --- polity. --- random selection. --- referendums. --- representation. --- representative democracy. --- representativeness. --- self-appointment. --- self-selected representation. --- sortition. --- substantive equality. --- transparency. --- vote delegation.