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Considerations of risk and vulnerability are key to understanding the dynamics of poverty in rural Malawi. This study measures vulnerability to consumption shortfalls and analyzes its sources using a two-period panel of 2,789 households, drawn from the 2010 Third Integrated Household Survey and the 2013 Integrated Household Panel Survey. The results show that in 2010 two-fifths of all households had a chance of at least 40 percent of falling below the poverty line in the future. The results show that many households in rural Malawi are vulnerable to poverty, although, as with many other studies of rural areas in other countries, much of the vulnerability is caused by chronic poverty. Nonetheless, risks, particularly rainfall and loss of off-farm employment, are also important in explaining why poor households remain poor, and why some non-poor households are more likely to fall into poverty in the next period. Household wealth and agricultural assets can protect households from falling into poverty and reduce the severity of the fall when shocks occur. However, there is little evidence to suggest that other strategies to reduce vulnerability are effective.

Agricultural Risks --- Poverty --- Shocks --- Vulnerability

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The mixed risks, of environmental component, are associated with a potentially hazardous phenomenon with combined causes, that is, for its manifestation compete natural conditions and anthropic actions. In this book, more than a dozen risks are analyzed, which are part of two main typologies: the mixed risks of atmospheric component, mainly associated with changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere, and the mixed risks of geodynamic component, which relate to forces and processes that act on the Earth (internal geodynamics, for example the risk of induced seismicity, and external geodynamics, with emphasis on the risks of erosion, desertification, salinisation, pollution and forest fires). In all risk typologies, here we analyzed, the contribution of the human being, through its actions and activities, constitutes a common element, extending, unambiguously, its causes and consequences. Therefore, all authors are unanimous about the need to implement integrated measures and actions to safeguard the main natural resources.

Risks --- Crises --- Society --- Dangers --- Territories --- Catastrophes

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Competing risks. --- Estimation theory. --- Statistical hypothesis testing.

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Automobile insurance --- Automobile insurance --- Assurance-automobiles --- Risks.

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There are two important things you must do to be a savvy investor: make good investment decisions and avoid costly mistakes. As important as good investments are, one bad mistake can ruin the result of all your good decisions. In the second book in The H. Kent Baker Investments Series, investing experts H. Kent Baker, John R. Nofsinger, and Vesa Puttonen offer an insightful guide on avoiding those detrimental missteps. The Savvy Investor's Guide to Avoiding Pitfalls, Frauds and Scams explores the common pitfalls that investors face. Highlighting important issues when investing especially in common stocks and mutual funds, they explore the psychological biases of investors that can cause you to be your own worst enemy. Finally, they look at frauds and scams, and how to protect yourself from dishonest people wanting to profit at your expense. If you feel unprepared to face the risks of investing, Baker, Nofsinger, and Puttonen provide this essential guide to arming yourself against devastation on your path to becoming a savvy investor.

Investments. --- Risks. --- Financial risk. --- Portfolio management.