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This book is a collection of articles from the Cells Special Issue on “Ubiquitin and Autophagy”. It contains an Editorial and 13 articles at the intersection of ubiquitin- and autophagy-related processes. Ubiquitin is a small protein modifier that is widely used to tag proteins, organelles, and pathogens for their degradation by the ubiquitin–proteasome system and/or autophagy–lysosomal pathway. Interestingly, several ubiquitin-like proteins are at a core of the autophagy mechanism. This book dedicates a lot of attention to the crosstalk between the ubiquitin–proteasome system and autophagy and serves as a good starting point for the readers interested in the current state of the knowledge on ubiquitin and autophagy.

PSMD14 --- ubiquitin --- retrograde --- trafficking --- APP --- autophagy --- Cx43 --- GABARAP --- gap junction --- MAPLC3 --- leukodystrophies --- globoid cell leukodystrophy --- psychosine --- p62 --- proteasome --- toll-like receptor 4 --- TRAF6 --- BECN1 --- ATG12~5/16 complex --- Dictyostelium --- ubiquitin-like protein --- phagocytosis --- pinocytosis --- UPS --- ubiquitin–proteasome system --- crosstalk --- tissue specificity --- C. elegans --- NFAT5 --- autophagy initiation --- islet --- FIP200 --- unfolded protein response --- UPR --- Atg8 --- LC3 --- LIR motif --- SAR --- UBL --- neurodegenerative diseases --- autophagy–lysosome pathway --- lysosome --- selective autophagy --- ubiquitination --- degradation --- the ubiquitin-proteasome system --- plants --- mitophagy --- aggrephagy --- lysophagy --- xenophagy --- lipophagy --- nucleophagy --- ER-phagy --- cargo receptors --- sorting nexins --- retromer --- endosome --- n/a --- ubiquitin-proteasome system --- autophagy-lysosome pathway

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The insulin secreting β-cell is one of the most specialized cell types with diverse and multi-functional components (genes, gene products, organelles and metabolites) and a multitude of regulatory strategies in response to internal and environmental signals. This book looks at the technological advances that make simultaneous detection of thousands of biological variables possible; at a substantial variety of mathematical models and numerical simulations that aim to explain major aspects of the β-cell function; and at the challenge to formulate a comprehensive and robust model of the main networks of the underlying biochemical and physical processes for diagnostic and therapeutic use.

Exocytosis. --- Systems biology. --- Exocytosis --- Systems biology --- Models, Theoretical --- Enteroendocrine Cells --- Islets of Langerhans --- Computational Biology --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Endocrine Glands --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Endocrine Cells --- Endocrine System --- Pancreas --- Biology --- Investigative Techniques --- Epithelial Cells --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Phenomena and Processes --- Anatomy --- Cells --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Digestive System --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Insulin-Secreting Cells --- Models, Biological --- Systems Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology --- Biology - General --- Pancreatic beta cells. --- Beta cells --- Insulin-secreting cells --- Reverse pinocytosis --- Life sciences. --- Human genetics. --- Diabetes. --- Bioinformatics. --- Life Sciences. --- Systems Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Computational biology --- Bioinformatics --- Biological systems --- Molecular biology --- Islands of Langerhans --- Cell physiology --- Biological models. --- Brittle diabetes --- Diabetes mellitus --- IDDM (Disease) --- Insulin-dependent diabetes --- Ketosis prone diabetes --- Type 1 diabetes --- Carbohydrate intolerance --- Endocrine glands --- Diabetic acidosis --- Glycosylated hemoglobin --- Bio-informatics --- Biological informatics --- Information science --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Diseases --- Data processing

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Phagocytosis is the engulfment of particulate matter by cells. It is a fundamental (and probably “primitive”) cell biological process which is important in single celled organisms such as amoeba; multicellular animals including coelenterates; and in higher animals. In humans and other mammals, specialised immune cells (phagocytes) utilise phagocytosis in their crucial role of engulfing and destroying infecting microbes. Yet, surprisingly, the biophysics and biochemistry underlying the process has only become clear recently with the advent of genetic manipulation and advances in single cell imaging. In this volume, the aim is to bring together recent fundamental advances that give a clear picture of the underlying mechanism involved in phagocytosis. Not only is this an important topic in its own right, but a full understanding of the process will have a potential impact on human medicine, since as antibiotics become less effective in fight infection, researchers are looking at alternative approaches, including enhancing the “natural” immunity brought about by immune phagocytes. The aim is to provide a comprehensive volume on the topic, with separate chapters on identified recent advances, each written by the major contributors in each area. In addition, the volume will attempt to give a wider overview than is often the case in single author reviews, with an emphasis here on the cell biological understanding of phagocytosis using biophysical approaches alongside the biochemical and imaging approaches.

Immunology. --- Molecular biology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Cell biology. --- Biochemistry. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Cell Biology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Composition --- Phagocytosis --- Molecular biology --- Research. --- Antigen-antibody reactions --- Endocytosis --- Immune response --- Immunology --- Phagosomes --- Pinocytosis --- Reticulo-endothelial system --- Tuftsin --- Phagocytosis. --- Phagocytes. --- Phagocyte --- Phagocytic Cell --- Phagocytic Cells --- Cell, Phagocytic --- Cells, Phagocytic --- Mononuclear Phagocyte System --- Phagocytoses --- Leukocytes --- Macrophages --- Opsonin Proteins --- Fagocitosi --- Citologia --- Biologia molecular --- Resposta immunitària --- Sistema reticuloendotelial --- Biofísica molecular --- Bioquímica molecular --- Biofísica --- Bioquímica --- Histoquímica --- Biologia molecular vegetal --- Codi genètic --- Diagnòstic molecular --- Endocrinologia molecular --- Evolució molecular --- Farmacologia molecular --- Genètica molecular --- Glicòmica --- Metabolòmica --- Microbiologia molecular --- Neurobiologia molecular --- Patologia molecular --- Proteòmica --- Reconeixement molecular --- Biomolècules --- Biologia cel·lular --- Biologia --- Citogenètica --- Citoquímica --- Migració cel·lular --- Cèl·lules --- Cèl·lules animals --- Ultraestructura (Biologia) --- Medicine—Research. --- Biology—Research. --- Cytology. --- Biomedical Research.