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This book presents the key technology of electronic noses, and systematically describes how e-noses can be used to automatically analyse odours. Appealing to readers from the fields of artificial intelligence, computer science, electrical engineering, electronics, and instrumentation science, it addresses three main areas: First, readers will learn how to apply machine learning, pattern recognition and signal processing algorithms to real perception tasks. Second, they will be shown how to make their algorithms match their systems once the algorithms don’t work because of the limitation of hardware resources. Third, readers will learn how to make schemes and solutions when the acquired data from their systems is not stable due to the fundamental issues affecting perceptron devices (e.g. sensors). In brief, the book presents and discusses the key technologies and new algorithmic challenges in electronic noses and artificial olfaction. The goal is to promote the industrial application of electronic nose technology in environmental detection, medical diagnosis, food quality control, explosive detection, etc. and to highlight the scientific advances in artificial olfaction and artificial intelligence. The book offers a good reference guide for newcomers to the topic of electronic noses, because it refers to the basic principles and algorithms. At the same time, it clearly presents the key challenges – such as long-term drift, signal uniqueness, and disturbance – and effective and efficient solutions, making it equally valuable for researchers engaged in the science and engineering of sensors, instruments, chemometrics, etc.

Olfactory sensors. --- Gas detectors. --- Intelligent sensors. --- Smart sensors --- Detectors --- Chemical detectors --- Odor sensors --- Smell --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Biometrics. --- Bioinformatics. --- Medical records --- Pattern Recognition. --- Computational Biology/Bioinformatics. --- Health Informatics. --- Data processing. --- EHR systems --- EHR technology --- EHRs (Electronic health records) --- Electronic health records --- Electronic medical records --- EMR systems --- EMRs (Electronic medical records) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Bio-informatics --- Biological informatics --- Biology --- Information science --- Computational biology --- Systems biology --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Medical care --- Data processing

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The rise of photonics technologies has driven an extremely fast evolution in biosensing applications. Such rapid progress has created a gap of understanding and insight capability in the general public about advanced sensing systems that have been made progressively available by these new technologies. Thus, there is currently a clear need for moving the meaning of some keywords, such as plasmonic, into the daily vocabulary of a general audience with a reasonable degree of education. The selection of the scientific works reported in this book is carefully balanced between reviews and research papers and has the purpose of presenting a set of applications and case studies sufficiently broad enough to enlighten the reader attention toward the great potential of plasmonic biosensing and the great impact that can be expected in the near future for supporting disease screening and stratification.

gold nanorods --- silica coating --- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) --- surface functionalization --- SPR biosensor --- enzyme --- laccase --- chlorophene --- emerging pollutant --- water sample --- plasmonic nanowires --- molecular sensing --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- porous alumina --- TREM2 sensors --- Alzheimer’s disease --- plasmonic interferometry --- optical biosensor --- surface plasmon resonance --- olfactory sensors --- electronic noses --- volatile organic compounds --- odorants --- SPR --- cell-based assay --- viral growth kinetics --- human coronavirus --- hydroxychloroquine --- protease --- caspase --- avidin-biotin interaction --- biosensors --- AuNPs --- metal–graphene hybrid --- simulations --- Mie theory --- African swine fever virus (ASFV) --- loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) --- surface plasmon resonance (SPR) --- fluorescence detection --- SERS analysis --- plasmonic metal nanoparticles --- hotspots --- hybrid materials