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The International Conference on Extrusion and Benchmark was held for the fourth time. Invited keynote speakers and contributors from academia and industry reported on the latest advances in extrusion technology and its simulation. The contributions covered a wide range of topics and are grouped into the categories of: benchmark, microstructure, seam welds & composite extrusion, material flow & constitutive equations, friction evaluation, dies & tools, and process control & optimization. However, many more topics such as new materials and new profiles have also been covered. The keynote address

Extrusion process --- High energy forming --- Manufacturing processes --- Power presses

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Physical Therapy Modalities --- Rheumatic Diseases --- High-Energy Shock Waves

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Fast Neutrons --- Neutrons --- Radiotherapy, High-Energy --- Radiotherapy Dosage --- therapeutic use

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A deeper understanding of neutrinos, with the goal to reveal their nature and exact role within particle physics, is at the frontier of current research. This book reviews the field in a concise fashion and highlights the most pressing issues and areas of strongest topical interest. It provides a clear, self-contained, and logical treatment of the fundamental physics aspects, appropriate for graduate students. Starting with the relevant basics of the SM, neutrinos are introduced, and the quantum mechanical effect of oscillations is explained in detail. A strong focus is then set on the phenomenon of lepton number violation, especially in 0nbb decay, as the crucial probe to understand the nature of neutrinos. The role of neutrinos in astrophysics, expected to be of increasing importance for future research, is then described. Finally, models to explain the neutrino properties are outlined. The central theme of the book is the nature of neutrino masses and the above topics will revolve around this issue.

Neutrinos. --- Particle & high-energy physics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / Nuclear.

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Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is the analytical tool of choice for characterizing thin films during growth by molecular beam epitaxy, since it is very sensitive to surface structure and morphology. This 2004 book serves as an introduction to RHEED for beginners and describes detailed experimental and theoretical treatments for experts, explaining how to analyze RHEED patterns. For beginners the principles of electron diffraction are explained and many examples of the interpretation of RHEED patterns are described. The second part of the book contains detailed descriptions of RHEED theory. The third part applies RHEED to the determination of surface structures, gives detailed descriptions of the effects of disorder, and critically reviews the mechanisms contributing to RHEED intensity oscillations. This unified and coherent account will appeal to both graduate students and researchers in the study of molecular beam epitaxial growth.

Reflection high energy electron diffraction. --- Thin films --- Surfaces --- Analysis.