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Article
The gerbil elevated plus-maze I: Behavioral characterization and pharmacological validation.

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Abstract

Several neurokinin NK1 receptor antagonists currently being developed for anxiety and depression have reduced affinity for the rat and mouse NK1 receptor compared with human. Consequently, it has proven difficult to test these agents in traditional rat and mouse models of anxiety and depression. This issue has been overcome, in part, by using non-traditional lab species such as the guinea pig and gerbil, which have NK1 receptors closer in homology to human NK1 receptors. However, there are very few reports describing the behavior of gerbils in traditional models of anxiety. The aim of the present study was to determine if the elevated plus-maze, a commonly used anxiety model, could be adapted for the gerbil. Using a specially-designed elevated plus-maze, gerbils exhibited an 'anxious' behavioral profile similar to that observed in rats and mice, i.e., reduced entries into, and time spent exploring, an open, aversive arm. The anxiolytic drugs diazepam (0.03-3 mg/kg i.p.), chlordiazepoxide (0.3-10 mg/kg i.p.), and buspirone (0.3-30 mg/kg s.c.) increased open arm exploration and produced anxiolytic-like effects on risk-assessment behaviors (reduced stretch-attend postures and increased head dips). Of particular interest, the antidepressant drugs imipramine (1-30 mg/kg p.o.),fluoxetine (1-30 mg/kg, p.o.) and paroxetine (0.3-10 mg/kg p.o.) each produced some acute anxiolytic-like activity, without affecting locomotor activity. The antipsychotic, haloperidol, and the psychostimulant, amphetamine, did not produce any anxiolytic-like effects (1-10 mg/kg s.c). The anxiogenic beta-carboline, FG-7142, reduced time spent in the open arm and head dips, and increased stretch-attend postures (1-30 mg/kg, i.p.). These studies have demonstrated that gerbils exhibit an anxiety-like profile on an elevated plus-maze, and that the gerbil elevated plus-maze may have predictive validity for anxiolytics, and antidepressants with potential anxiolytic-like effects. (C) 2002 American Colle

Analytical profiles of drug substances and excipients
Author:
ISSN: 00995428 10756280 ISBN: 0122608046 0122608054 0122608035 0122608062 0122608070 0122608089 0122608097 0122608100 0122608119 0122608127 0122608135 0122608143 0122608151 012260816X 0122608178 0122608208 0122608216 0122608224 0122608232 0122608240 9786611742379 1281742376 0080860990 9786611742508 1281742503 0080861121 9786611742416 1281742414 0080861032 9786611742447 1281742449 0080861067 9786611742539 1281742538 0080861156 9786611742430 1281742430 0080861059 9786611742478 1281742473 0080861091 9786611742553 1281742554 0080861172 9786611742386 1281742384 0080861008 9786611742461 1281742465 0080861083 9786611742423 1281742422 0080861040 9786611742393 1281742392 0080861016 9786611713324 1281713325 0080861199 9786611742485 1281742481 0080861105 9786611742492 128174249X 0080861113 9786611742560 1281742562 0080861180 9786611742409 1281742406 0080861024 9786611742546 1281742546 0080861164 9786611742454 1281742457 0080861075 9780122608209 9780122608063 9780122608131 9780122608179 9780122608056 9780122608247 9780122608216 9780122608100 9780122608223 9780122608094 9780122608124 9780122608117 9780122608155 9780122608087 9780122608162 9780122608230 9780122608148 9780122608070 9780122608049 Year: 1972 Publisher: New, York: Academic press,

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Keywords

Pharmaceutical Preparations --- analysis --- Drugs --- Pharmaceutical chemistry --- Médicaments --- Chimie pharmaceutique --- Analysis --- Yearbooks. --- Analyse --- Pharmaceutical Preparations - analysis --- Atenolol --- Camphre --- Chloroquine --- Cholecalciferol --- Cimetidine --- Disopyramide (phosphate) --- Indomethacine --- Ketofifene --- Melphalan --- Moxalactam (disodium) --- Oxyphenbutazone --- Pentazocine --- Phenytoine --- Pyridoxine --- Reserpine --- Saccharine --- Salicylamide --- Sulfadadiazine argent --- Sulindac --- Tetracycline (chlorhydrate --- Tolbutamide --- Vitamine d3 --- CHLORTHALIDONE --- IMIPRAMINE HCl --- CISPLATIN --- ANALYTICAL PROFILE --- TRIPELENNAMINE HCl --- XYLOMETAZOLINE HCl --- MEFLOQUINE HCl --- ACIDE IOPOANOIQUE --- LIDOCAINE --- LIDOCAINE HCl --- BENPERIDOL --- HYDRATE DE TERPINE --- ATROPINE --- ISOPROTERENOL --- WARFARIN --- NALOXONE HCl --- DIFLUNISAL --- BACLOFEN --- ACETAMINOPHEN --- HALOTHANE --- Bacitracine --- Bretylium --- Carbamazepine --- Ccyproheptadine --- Cefaclor --- Cefamandole --- Dibenzepine --- Digoxine --- Doxorubicine --- Fluphenazine --- Gentamicine (sulfate) --- Griseofulvine --- Haloperidol --- Khellin --- Lorazepam --- Methadone --- Methoxsalen --- Monographies medicaments --- Nadolol --- Nitrazepam --- Nitroglycerin --- Trifluoroperazine --- Acide ascorbique --- Acide flufenamique --- Aminophylline --- Captopril --- Cefotaxime --- Cefoxitine sodium --- Clofibrate --- Clotrimazole --- Dopamine chlorhydrate --- Ergonovine maleate --- Hexestrol --- Mestranol --- Noscapine --- Penicilline-g benzathine --- Phenylbutazone --- Sulfadiazine --- Amantadine --- Amikacine sulfate --- Benzocaine --- Dibucaine --- Dibucaine chlorhydrate --- Dioctylsulfosuccinate de sodium --- Estrone --- Etomidate --- Heparine sodium --- Hydrocortisone --- Isopropamide --- Metoprolol tartrate --- Phenylpropanolamine chlorhydrate --- Pilocarpine --- Pyrazinamide --- Pyrimethamine --- Quinine chlorhydrate --- Quinine sulfate --- Rutine --- Trimipramine maleate --- AMILORIDE CHLORHYDRATE --- AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE --- CAFEINE --- COCAINE CHLORHYDRATE --- EPHEDRINE CHLORHYDRATE --- OESTRADIOL --- GUANABENZ ACETATE --- IODAMIDE --- LITHIUM CARBONATE --- MAPROTILINE CHLORHYDRATE --- PENICILLIN G --- POTASSIUM --- PIROXICAM --- RANITIDINE --- STRYCHNINE --- VIDARABINE --- ZOMEPIRAC --- SODIUM --- CHLORAMPHENICOL --- LIDOCAINE CHLORHYDRATE --- SODIUM NITROPRUSSIATE --- Acide aminosalicylique --- Azathioprine --- Benzoate de benzyle --- Chlorhydrate d'emetine --- Chlorhydrate de clindamycine --- Chlorhydrate de methylphenidate --- Colchicine --- Cyanocobalamine --- Glibenclamide --- Heroine --- Hydrochlorothiazide --- Ketoprofen --- Nabinole --- Natamycine --- Oxytocine --- Penicillamine --- Phosphate de codeine

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