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Fungi range from being microscopic, single-celled yeasts to multicellular and heterotrophic in nature. Fungal communities have been found in vast ranges of environmental conditions. They can be associated with plants epiphytically, endophytically, or rhizospherically. Extreme environments represent unique ecosystems that harbor novel biodiversity of fungal communities. Interest in the exploration of fungal diversity has been spurred by the fact that fungi perform numerous functions integral in sustaining the biosphere, ranging from nutrient cycling to environmental detoxification, which involves processes like augmentation, supplementation, and recycling of plant nutrients - a particularly important process in sustainable agriculture. Fungal communities from natural and extreme habitats help promote plant growth, enhance crop yield, and enhance soil fertility via direct or indirect plant growth promoting (PGP) mechanisms of solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, and zinc, production of ammonia, hydrogen cyanides, phytohormones, Fe-chelating compounds, extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, and bioactive secondary metabolites. These PGP fungi could be used as biofertilizers, bioinoculants, and biocontrol agents in place of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in eco-friendly manners for sustainable agriculture and environments. Along with agricultural applications, medically important fungi play a significant role for human health. Fungal communities are useful for sustainable environments as they are used for bioremediation which is the use of microorganisms' metabolism to degrade waste contaminants (sewage, domestic, and industrial effluents) into non-toxic or less toxic materials by natural biological processes. Fungi could be used as mycoremediation for the future of environmental sustainability. Fungi and fungal products have the biochemical and ecological capability to degrade environmental organic chemicals and to decrease the risk associated with metals, semi-metals, and noble metals either by chemical modification or by manipulating chemical bioavailability. The two volumes of Recent Trends in Mycological Research aim to provide an understanding of fungal communities from diverse environmental habitats and their potential applications in agriculture, medical, environments and industry. The books are useful to scientists, researchers, and students involved in microbiology, biotechnology, agriculture, molecular biology, environmental biology and related subjects.

Mycology. --- Agriculture. --- Sustainable development. --- Plant breeding. --- Sustainable Development. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Botany --- Fungi --- Microbiology --- Environmental aspects --- Fungi. --- Mycology --- Research. --- Fongs --- Agricultura sostenible --- Desenvolupament sostenible --- Bioremediació --- Bioremeiació --- Bioreparació --- Biotecnologia ambiental --- Biotecnologia del medi ambient --- Descontaminació biològica --- Biodegradació --- Contaminació --- Fitoremediació --- Creixement sostenible --- Desenvolupament ecologicament sostenible --- Economia sostenible --- Sostenibilitat --- Creixement negatiu (Economia) --- Ciutats sostenibles --- Edificis sostenibles --- Consum responsable --- Desenvolupament econòmic --- Economia circular --- Energia exosomàtica --- Pesca sostenible --- Petjada ecològica --- Reivindicacions socials --- Agricultura alternativa --- Agricultura integrada --- Agricultura viable --- Conreus integrats --- Producció agrícola integrada --- Producció integrada (Agricultura) --- Agricultura --- Silvicultura sostenible --- Agricultura biològica --- Agricultura de conservació --- Ecologia agrícola --- Sistemes agrícoles --- Criptògames --- Ascomicets --- Basidiomicets --- Deuteromicets --- Llevats (Botànica) --- Mixomicets --- Bolets --- Fungal kingdom --- Fungus kingdom --- Funguses --- Mycobiota --- Mycota --- Cryptogams --- Fungal biology --- Fungology --- Fungus biology

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Healthy environment is important for any kind of biota on earth. It provides the basic elements of life such as clean water, fresh air, fertile soil and supports ecosystem of the food chain. Pollution drastically alters quality of the environment by changing the physico-chemical and biological aspects of these components. Accordingly, toxic metals, combustible and putrescible substances, hazardous wastes, explosives and petroleum products are all examples of inorganic and organic compounds that cause contaminations. Specifically, pollution of toxic and heavy metal in the environment is a growing problem worldwide, currently at an alarming rate. Toxic metals threaten the aquatic ecosystems, agriculture and ultimately human health. Traditional treatment techniques offer certain advantages such as rapid processing, ease of operation and control and flexibility. But, they could not maintain the quality of the environment due to the high operational costs of chemicals used, high energy consumption and handling costs for sludge disposal and overburden of chemical substances which irreversibly affect and destroy biodiversity, which ultimately render the soil useless as a medium for plant growth. Therefore, bioremediation and biotechnology, carried out by living assets to clean up, stabilize and restore contaminated ecosystems, have emerged as promising, environmental friendly and affordable approaches. Furthermore, the use of microbes, algae, transgenic plants and weeds adapted to stressful environments could be employed to enhance accumulation efficiency. Hence, sustainable and inexpensive processes are fast emerging as a viable alternative to conventional remediation methods, and will be most suitable for developing countries. In the current volume, we discuss pollution remediation challenges and how living organisms and the latest biotechnological techniques could be helpful in remediating the pollution in ecofriendly and sustainable ways.

Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Sustainable development. --- Applied ecology. --- Agriculture. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Sustainable Development. --- Applied Ecology. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Ecology --- Environmental protection --- Nature conservation --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Environmental quality --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Sustainable engineering --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Environmental aspects --- Quality --- Composition --- Bioremediation. --- Environmental biotechnology --- Biodegradation --- Bioremediació --- Contaminació --- Enginyeria ambiental --- Protecció ambiental --- Conservació ambiental --- Conservació del medi ambient --- Protecció del medi ambient --- Protecció mediambiental --- Ciències ambientals --- Agricultura de conservació --- Avaluació d'impacte ambiental --- Conservació de la natura --- Conservació dels recursos naturals --- Control de la contaminació --- Principi de precaució --- Protecció del paisatge --- Protecció dels sòls --- Normes ISO 14000 --- Política ambiental --- Qualitat ambiental --- Control ambiental --- Control del medi ambient --- Enginyeria del medi ambient --- Enginyeria mediambiental --- Tecnologia ambiental --- Auditoria ambiental --- Condicions de treball --- Enginyeria ambiental (Edificis) --- Seguiment ambiental --- Higiene ambiental --- Contaminació ambiental --- Contaminació industrial --- Contaminació química --- Pol·lució --- Influència de l'home en la natura --- Salut pública --- Catàstrofes ecològiques --- Contaminació acústica --- Contaminació agrícola --- Contaminació atmosfèrica --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Contaminació dels sòls --- Contaminació lumínica --- Contaminació microbiana --- Contaminació radioactiva --- Contaminació transfronterera --- Efecte de la contaminació sobre els animals --- Sediments contaminats --- Contaminants --- Descontaminació --- Residus perillosos --- Bioremeiació --- Bioreparació --- Biotecnologia ambiental --- Biotecnologia del medi ambient --- Descontaminació biològica --- Biodegradació --- Fitoremediació