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Subject (Philosophy) --- Liberty --- Ethics, Modern --- History --- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, --- Subject (Philosophy) - History - 18th century --- Liberty - History - 18th century --- Ethics, Modern - 18th century --- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, - 1712-1778 --- Ethics, Modern.

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This collection of essays by one of the preeminent Kant scholars of our time transforms our understanding of both Kant's aesthetics and his ethics. Guyer shows that at the very core of Kant's aesthetic theory, disinterestedness of taste becomes an experience of freedom and thus an essential accompaniment to morality itself. At the same time he reveals how Kant's moral theory includes a distinctive place for the cultivation of both general moral sentiments and particular attachments on the basis of the most rigorous principle of duty. Kant's thought is placed in a rich historical context including such figures as Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, Hume, Burke, Kames, as well as Baumgarten, Mendelssohn, Schiller, and Hegel. Other topics treated are the sublime, natural versus artistic beauty, genius and art history, and duty and inclination. These essays extend and enrich the account of Kant's aesthetics in the author's earlier book, Kant and the Claims of Taste (1979).

General ethics --- Aesthetics --- Kant, Immanuel --- Aesthetics, Modern --- Ethics, Modern --- Free will and determinism. --- Aesthetics, Modern - 18th century. --- Ethics, Modern - 18th century. --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Aesthetics. --- Ethics. --- Contributions in doctrine of free will and determinism. --- Ethics --- Free will and determinism --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy

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Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823) is a complex figure of the late German Enlightenment. Sometime Catholic priest and active Mason even when still a cleric in Vienna; early disciple of Kant and the first to try to reform the Critique of Reason; influential teacher and prolific author; astute commentator on the immediate post-Kantian scene; and at all times convinced propagandist of the Enlightenment––in all these roles Reinhold reflected his age but also tested the limits of the values that had inspired it. This collection of essays, originally presented at an international workshop held in Montreal in 2007, conveys this multifaceted figure of Reinhold in all its details. In the four themes that run across the contributions––the historicity of reason; the primacy of moral praxis; the personalism of religious belief; and the transformation of classical metaphysics into phenomenology of mind––Reinhold is presented as a catalyst of nineteenth century thought but also as one who remained bound to intellectual prejudices that were typical of the Enlightenment and, for this reason, as still the representative of a past age. The volume contains the text of two hitherto unpublished Masonic speeches by Reinhold, and a description of recently recovered transcripts of student lecture notes dating to Reinhold’s early Jena period.

Enlightenment. --- Ethics, Modern -- 18th century. --- Reinhold, Karl Leonhard, 1758-1823. --- Philosophy & Religion --- Philosophy --- Enlightenment --- Reinhold, Karl Leonhard, --- Philosophy. --- Modern philosophy. --- Modern Philosophy. --- Philosophy, general. --- History of Philosophy. --- Modern philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Philosophy, modern. --- Philosophy (General). --- Philosophy, Modern. --- Philosophy—History. --- Early Modern Philosophy.

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Ethics --- 170 --- 330.8 --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- 330.8 Economisch denken. Economische scholen. Economische theorieen --- Economisch denken. Economische scholen. Economische theorieen --- Social ethics --- Economic schools --- Economics --- Classical school of economics --- Ethics, Modern --- Early works to 1800 --- Smith, Adam, --- Ethics. --- Morale --- economisch beleid --- politique economique --- Economics - Early works to 1800 --- Ethics, Modern - 18th century --- Ethics - Early works to 1800 --- Smith, Adam, - 1723-1790

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In der gegenwärtigen Debatte um die Willensfreiheit ist Kants Freiheitstheorie zu den Akten schlechter Metaphysik gelegt worden. Dabei sind entscheidende Fragen nach wie vor nicht zureichend geklärt: 1. Welchen Freiheitsbegriff nimmt Kant in Anspruch? 2. Welche Funktion kommt diesem Begriff zu? 3. Welchen Beweis erbringt Kant zu seiner Rechtfertigung? Der Autor weist nach, dass Kants Theorie in allen drei Punkten unangemessen repräsentiert worden ist und nimmt die Verhandlungen über ihre systematische Gültigkeit wieder auf. Bojanowski zeigt, warum eine bestimmte Form moralischer Praxis nicht ohne Kants Begriff der Autonomie als absoluter Freiheit auskommt; er verteidigt diesen Begriff auf der Grundlage von Kants Erkenntniskritik gegen deterministische Moralskepsis. Abschließend erklärt er, warum dieser Begriff nicht an der Möglichkeit moralisch böser Handlungen scheitert, sondern die Rede von moralisch bösen Handlungen erst ermöglicht. In the present-day debate on free will, Kant's theory of freedom has been dismissed as bad metaphysics. This however leaves decisive questions partially unanswered, namely 1. To what concept of freedom does Kant lay claim? 2. What functions are ascribed to it? 3. What proof does Kant advance to justify it? The author demonstrates that Kant's theory has not been adequately represented in all three points, and resumes the negotiation about its systematic validity. Bojanowski demonstrates why the practice of morality cannot dispense with Kant's concept of autonomy as absolute freedom, and on the basis of Kant's epistemic critique he defends this concept against a deterministic moral scepticism. In conclusion, he demonstrates why this concept does not fail when faced with the possibility of morally evil acts, but that in fact talking about morally evil acts is not possible without it.

Metaphysics --- General ethics --- Kant, Immanuel --- Liberty --- Autonomy (Philosophy) --- Ethics, Modern --- Philosophy --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Kant, Emmanuel --- Kant, Emanuel --- Kant, Emanuele --- Contributions in concept of freedom. --- Philosophy. --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Liberty - Philosophy --- Ethics, Modern - 18th century --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804 --- Determinism. --- Kant (Immanuel). --- free will. --- freedom ‹term›.