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Democratic Reason
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ISBN: 1283864126 140084553X 0691155658 9781400845538 9781283864121 9780691155654 Year: 2012 Publisher: Princeton, NJ

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Abstract

Individual decision making can often be wrong due to misinformation, impulses, or biases. Collective decision making, on the other hand, can be surprisingly accurate. In Democratic Reason, Hélène Landemore demonstrates that the very factors behind the superiority of collective decision making add up to a strong case for democracy. She shows that the processes and procedures of democratic decision making form a cognitive system that ensures that decisions taken by the many are more likely to be right than decisions taken by the few. Democracy as a form of government is therefore valuable not only because it is legitimate and just, but also because it is smart. Landemore considers how the argument plays out with respect to two main mechanisms of democratic politics: inclusive deliberation and majority rule. In deliberative settings, the truth-tracking properties of deliberation are enhanced more by inclusiveness than by individual competence. Landemore explores this idea in the contexts of representative democracy and the selection of representatives. She also discusses several models for the "wisdom of crowds" channeled by majority rule, examining the trade-offs between inclusiveness and individual competence in voting. When inclusive deliberation and majority rule are combined, they beat less inclusive methods, in which one person or a small group decide. Democratic Reason thus establishes the superiority of democracy as a way of making decisions for the common good.

Keywords

Democracy. --- Democracy --- Majorities. --- Philosophy. --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Voting --- Minorities --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Republics --- Majorities --- Philosophy --- E-books --- Arrow's Impossibility Theorem. --- Condorcet Jury Theorem. --- Miracle of Aggregation. --- authoritarian objection. --- cognitive artifacts. --- cognitive diversity. --- collective decision making. --- collective decision. --- collective intelligence. --- collective prediction. --- contemporary democratic theory. --- counters. --- critical literature survey. --- crowdsourcing. --- deliberation. --- democracy. --- democratic decision making. --- democratic deliberation. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic intelligence. --- democratic norms. --- democratic politics. --- democratic reason. --- democratic theory. --- democratic unreason. --- descriptive representation. --- dialogical deliberation. --- doctrinal paradox. --- dumb many. --- elected enlightened. --- epistemic democracy. --- epistemic failures. --- epistemic improvements. --- epistemic performance. --- fact. --- group polarization. --- human decision making. --- inclusive deliberation. --- incompetent multitude. --- individual decision making. --- individual reason. --- informational free riding. --- judgment aggregation. --- majority rule. --- maze. --- metaethical views. --- political cognitivism. --- political incompetence. --- politics. --- random lotteries. --- social cognitive artifacts. --- systematic biases. --- talkers. --- theory of reasoning. --- transformative epistemic properties. --- value. --- voting paradox. --- voting.


Book
Democracy and prosperity : reinventing capitalism through a turbulent century
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9780691182735 0691182736 0691188874 0691210217 Year: 2019 Publisher: Princeton (N.J.): Princeton university press,

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It is a widespread view that democracy and the advanced nation-state are in crisis, weakened by globalization and undermined by global capitalism, in turn explaining rising inequality and mounting populism. This book, written by two of the world's leading political economists, argues this view is wrong: advanced democracies are resilient, and their enduring historical relationship with capitalism has been mutually beneficial. For all the chaos and upheaval over the past century--major wars, economic crises, massive social change, and technological revolutions--Torben Iversen and David Soskice show how democratic states continuously reinvent their economies through massive public investment in research and education, by imposing competitive product markets and cooperation in the workplace, and by securing macroeconomic discipline as the preconditions for innovation and the promotion of the advanced sectors of the economy. Critically, this investment has generated vast numbers of well-paying jobs for the middle classes and their children, focusing the aims of aspirational families, and in turn providing electoral support for parties. Gains at the top have also been shared with the middle (though not the bottom) through a large welfare state. Contrary to the prevailing wisdom on globalization, advanced capitalism is neither footloose nor unconstrained: it thrives under democracy precisely because it cannot subvert it. Populism, inequality, and poverty are indeed great scourges of our time, but these are failures of democracy and must be solved by democracy.

Keywords

Democracy --- Economic development --- #SBIB:324H20 --- #SBIB:17H25 --- #SBIB:33H012 --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Political aspects --- Politologie: theorieën (democratie, comparatieve studieën….) --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: economische orde en arbeid --- Economische stelsels (Marxisme, capitalisme …) --- Capitalism --- Globalization --- 330.342.14 --- 321.01 "..." --- 321.01 "..." Staatsleer --"tijd" --- Staatsleer --"tijd" --- 330.342.14 Kapitalistische economie. Free enterprise. Markteconomie. Vrije concurrentie --- Kapitalistische economie. Free enterprise. Markteconomie. Vrije concurrentie --- Political systems --- Economic order --- Economic development - Political aspects --- Capitalism. --- Democracy. --- Globalization. --- Fordism. --- Fordist economy. --- advanced capitalism. --- advanced capitalist sectors. --- capitalism. --- capitalist democracies. --- capitalist democratic state. --- communications technology. --- deindustrialization. --- democracy. --- democratic institutions. --- economic transition. --- education. --- globalization. --- government support. --- inequality. --- information technology. --- innovation. --- knowledge economy. --- labor force. --- political coalitions. --- political opposition. --- populism. --- poverty. --- public investment. --- research. --- skilled labor. --- technological change. --- wealth accumulation. --- welfare state. --- workforce.


Book
Why not default? : The political economy of sovereign debt
Author:
ISBN: 9780691180106 0691180105 9780691217437 9780691184937 0691184933 Year: 2019 Publisher: Princeton: Princeton university press,

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The European debt crisis has rekindled long-standing debates about the power of finance and the fraught relationship between capitalism and democracy in a globalized world. Why Not Default? unravels a striking puzzle at the heart of these debates--why, despite frequent crises and the immense costs of repayment, do so many heavily indebted countries continue to service their international debts? In this compelling and incisive book, Jerome Roos provides a sweeping investigation of the political economy of sovereign debt and international crisis management. He takes readers from the rise of public borrowing in the Italian city-states to the gunboat diplomacy of the imperialist era and the wave of sovereign defaults during the Great Depression. He vividly describes the debt crises of developing countries in the 1980s and 1990s and sheds new light on the recent turmoil inside the Eurozone--including the dramatic capitulation of Greece's short-lived anti-austerity government to its European creditors in 2015. Drawing on in-depth case studies of contemporary debt crises in Mexico, Argentina, and Greece, Why Not Default? paints a disconcerting picture of the ascendancy of global finance. This important book shows how the profound transformation of the capitalist world economy over the past four decades has endowed private and official creditors with unprecedented structural power over heavily indebted borrowers, enabling them to impose painful austerity measures and enforce uninterrupted debt service during times of crisis--with devastating social consequences and far-reaching implications for democracy.

Keywords

Debts, Public --- History --- Public finance --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Debts, Public - History --- History. --- Amsterdam capital market. --- Argentina. --- Bank of Greece. --- Brady debt restructuring. --- Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. --- European debt crisis. --- Great Depression. --- Greece. --- Greek debt crisis. --- IMF. --- International Monetary Fund. --- King Philip II. --- Latin America. --- Mexico. --- Syriza party. --- bailout. --- bankers' alliance. --- bonds. --- capitalism. --- capitalist economy. --- conditional lending. --- contract enforcement. --- credit class. --- credit repayment. --- credit-money. --- credit. --- creditors. --- cross-border contract. --- debt crisis. --- debt moratorium. --- debt repayment. --- debt restructuring. --- debt service. --- debt servicing. --- debtor compliance. --- debtor discipline. --- default. --- democracy. --- democratic institutions. --- emergency lending. --- enforcement mechanism. --- external debt. --- finance. --- financial crisis. --- fiscal distress. --- foreign credit. --- foreign debt servicing. --- foreign investment. --- global finance. --- globalization. --- intermediary. --- international creditors. --- international crisis management. --- international debts. --- international lending. --- internationalization. --- lending cycles. --- long-term reputation. --- market discipline. --- power. --- public debt. --- repayment. --- short-term credit. --- social costs. --- solvency. --- sovereign debt crises. --- sovereign debt repayment. --- sovereign debt. --- sovereign default. --- spillover costs. --- structural power. --- syndicated lending. --- trade sanctions.


Book
In our name : the ethics of democracy
Author:
ISBN: 1280494123 9786613589354 1400842387 9781400842384 9780691154619 0691154619 0691168156 Year: 2012 Publisher: Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press

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When a government in a democracy acts in our name, are we, as citizens, responsible for those acts? What if the government commits a moral crime? The protestor's slogan--"Not in our name!"--testifies to the need to separate ourselves from the wrongs of our leaders. Yet the idea that individual citizens might bear a special responsibility for political wrongdoing is deeply puzzling for ordinary morality and leading theories of democracy. In Our Name explains how citizens may be morally exposed to the failures of their representatives and state institutions, and how complicity is the professional hazard of democratic citizenship. Confronting the ethical challenges that citizens are faced with in a self-governing democracy, Eric Beerbohm proposes institutional remedies for dealing with them. Beerbohm questions prevailing theories of democracy for failing to account for our dual position as both citizens and subjects. Showing that the obligation to participate in the democratic process is even greater when we risk serving as accomplices to wrongdoing, Beerbohm argues for a distinctive division of labor between citizens and their representatives that charges lawmakers with the responsibility of incorporating their constituents' moral principles into their reasoning about policy. Grappling with the practical issues of democratic decision making, In Our Name engages with political science, law, and psychology to envision mechanisms for citizens seeking to avoid democratic complicity.

Keywords

Democracy --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects --- John Rawls. --- Justice as Fairness. --- agency. --- associative accounts. --- authority. --- belief. --- citizens. --- citizenship. --- coauthors. --- cognitive biases. --- cognitive burden. --- cognitive partisanship. --- complicity. --- cosubjects. --- decision making. --- delegation. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic labor. --- democratic state. --- democratic theory. --- distributive justice. --- elections. --- epistemic virtues. --- ethics. --- government. --- heuristics. --- injustice. --- judicial mechanisms. --- judicial review. --- justice. --- lawmaking. --- macrodemocratic theory. --- marginality. --- microdemocratic theory. --- moral obligations. --- moral value. --- morality. --- nonideal democratic theory. --- participation. --- participatory accounts. --- patriotism. --- peer principle. --- philosopher-citizens. --- plebiscitary mechanisms. --- political science. --- political wrongdoing. --- politics. --- popular constitutionalism. --- practical authority. --- pride. --- principled representation. --- principles theory. --- principles. --- public speech. --- reasoning. --- redundancy. --- regret. --- representation. --- representatives. --- responsibility. --- shared liability. --- social order. --- socioeconomic inequalities. --- superdeliberation. --- superdeliberators. --- triage principle. --- usability principle. --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- General ethics


Book
Why not default? : the political economy of sovereign debt
Author:
ISBN: 0691184933 Year: 2019 Publisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press,

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How creditors came to wield unprecedented power over heavily indebted countries-and the dangers this poses to democracyThe European debt crisis has rekindled long-standing debates about the power of finance and the fraught relationship between capitalism and democracy in a globalized world. Why Not Default? unravels a striking puzzle at the heart of these debates-why, despite frequent crises and the immense costs of repayment, do so many heavily indebted countries continue to service their international debts?In this compelling and incisive book, Jerome Roos provides a sweeping investigation of the political economy of sovereign debt and international crisis management. He takes readers from the rise of public borrowing in the Italian city-states to the gunboat diplomacy of the imperialist era and the wave of sovereign defaults during the Great Depression. He vividly describes the debt crises of developing countries in the 1980s and 1990s and sheds new light on the recent turmoil inside the Eurozone-including the dramatic capitulation of Greece's short-lived anti-austerity government to its European creditors in 2015.Drawing on in-depth case studies of contemporary debt crises in Mexico, Argentina, and Greece, Why Not Default? paints a disconcerting picture of the ascendancy of global finance. This important book shows how the profound transformation of the capitalist world economy over the past four decades has endowed private and official creditors with unprecedented structural power over heavily indebted borrowers, enabling them to impose painful austerity measures and enforce uninterrupted debt service during times of crisis-with devastating social consequences and far-reaching implications for democracy.

Keywords

Debts, Public --- History. --- Amsterdam capital market. --- Argentina. --- Bank of Greece. --- Brady debt restructuring. --- Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. --- European debt crisis. --- Great Depression. --- Greece. --- Greek debt crisis. --- IMF. --- International Monetary Fund. --- King Philip II. --- Latin America. --- Mexico. --- Syriza party. --- bailout. --- bankers' alliance. --- bonds. --- capitalism. --- capitalist economy. --- conditional lending. --- contract enforcement. --- credit class. --- credit repayment. --- credit-money. --- credit. --- creditors. --- cross-border contract. --- debt crisis. --- debt moratorium. --- debt repayment. --- debt restructuring. --- debt service. --- debt servicing. --- debtor compliance. --- debtor discipline. --- default. --- democracy. --- democratic institutions. --- emergency lending. --- enforcement mechanism. --- external debt. --- finance. --- financial crisis. --- fiscal distress. --- foreign credit. --- foreign debt servicing. --- foreign investment. --- global finance. --- globalization. --- intermediary. --- international creditors. --- international crisis management. --- international debts. --- international lending. --- internationalization. --- lending cycles. --- long-term reputation. --- market discipline. --- power. --- public debt. --- repayment. --- short-term credit. --- social costs. --- solvency. --- sovereign debt crises. --- sovereign debt repayment. --- sovereign debt. --- sovereign default. --- spillover costs. --- structural power. --- syndicated lending. --- trade sanctions.


Book
Open democracy : reinventing popular rule for the twenty-first century
Author:
ISBN: 9780691181998 9780691212395 9780691208725 0691181993 0691212392 0691208727 Year: 2021 Publisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press,

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To the ancient Greeks, democracy meant gathering in public and debating laws set by a randomly selected assembly of several hundred citizens. To the Icelandic Vikings, democracy meant meeting every summer in a field to discuss issues until consensus was reached. Our contemporary representative democracies are very different. Modern parliaments are gated and guarded, and it seems as if only certain people - with the right suit, accent, wealth, and connections - are welcome. Diagnosing what is wrong with representative government and aiming to recover some of the lost openness of ancient democracies, this book presents a new paradigm of democracy in which power is genuinely accessible to ordinary citizens.

Keywords

Political systems --- démocratie participative --- représentation politique --- Deliberative democracy --- Representative government and representation --- Political participation --- BPB2104 --- #SBIB:324H50 --- Discursive democracy --- Democracy --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Mass political behavior --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political behavior --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Politics, Practical --- Parliamentary government --- Political representation --- Representation --- Self-government --- Constitutional history --- Constitutional law --- Political science --- Elections --- Republics --- Suffrage --- politické zastoupení --- reprezentacja polityczna --- politikai képviselet --- politisk representation --- poliitiline esindus --- politiskā pārstāvība --- reprezentare politică --- politinis atstovavimas --- politisk repræsentation --- politično predstavništvo --- political representation --- πολιτική εκπροσώπηση --- representación política --- политичко заступање --- политичка застапеност --- politická reprezentace --- përfaqësim politik --- ionadaíocht pholaitiúil --- politieke vertegenwoordiging --- politická reprezentácia --- politische Vertretung --- rappreżentanza politika --- representação política --- poliittinen edustus --- rappresentanza politica --- политическо представяне --- političko zastupanje --- participative democracy --- δημοκρατική συμμετοχή --- demokratische Partizipation --- demokratisk deltagelse --- demokratická participácia --- demokraatlik osalus --- demokratinis dalyvavimas --- parteċipazzjoni demokratika --- participation démocratique --- uczestnictwo w demokracji --- sudionička demokracija --- participación democrática --- demokratikus részvétel --- osallistuva demokratia --- pjesëmarrje demokratike --- демократско учество --- demokratična udeležba --- demokrātiskā līdzdalība --- democratic participation --- demokratische Mitbestimmung --- participare democratică --- democratische participatie --- demokratiskt deltagande --- participação democrática --- részvételen alapuló demokrácia --- демократско учешће --- demokratická účast --- partecipazione democratica --- учествувачка демократија --- deltagelsesdemokrati --- osallistava demokratia --- partizipative Demokratie --- democrație participativă --- democrazia partecipativa --- participativní demokracie --- συμμετοχική δημοκρατία --- deltagandedemokrati --- osalusdemokraatia --- demokrazija parteċipattiva --- demokraci pjesëmarrëse --- participatieve democratie --- līdzdalības demokrātija --- dalyvaujamoji demokratija --- részvételi demokrácia --- daonlathas rannpháirtíochta --- партиципативна демократија --- партиципативна демокрация --- participatívna demokracia --- democracia participativa --- participatory democracy --- demokracja uczestnicząca --- participativna demokracija --- Politieke participatie en legitimiteit (referenda, directe democratie, publieke opinie...) --- DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY -- 323.22 --- CASESTUDIES -- 323.22 --- ICELAND -- 323.22 --- CASE STUDIES -- 321.7 --- représentation politique --- démocratie participative --- Deliberative democracy. --- Representative government and representation. --- Political participation. --- Deliberative democracy - Iceland - Case studies. --- 1944 constitution. --- Citizen Convention on Climate Change. --- Democracy When the People Are Thinking. --- Democracy and Knowledge. --- France. --- Great National Debate. --- Iceland. --- Icelandic constitutional process. --- James Fishkin. --- Josiah Ober. --- Lisa Disch. --- Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens. --- Michael Saward. --- Nathan Heller. --- Rousseau. --- The New Yorker. --- The Representative Claim. --- Vikings. --- citizen assemblies. --- classical Athens. --- climate change. --- constitution. --- crisis of democracy. --- crowdsourcing. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- democratic crisis. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic representation. --- democraticity. --- direct democracy. --- dynamic inclusiveness. --- electoral paradigm. --- electoral representation. --- exclusionary biases. --- illiberalism. --- inductive political theory. --- legitimacy. --- liquid representation. --- lottocratic representation. --- majoritarianism. --- majority rule. --- oligarchic biases. --- oligarchy. --- open mini-public. --- participation rights. --- participatory democracy. --- polity. --- random selection. --- referendums. --- representation. --- representative democracy. --- representativeness. --- self-appointment. --- self-selected representation. --- sortition. --- substantive equality. --- transparency. --- vote delegation.

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