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NEUROPEPTIDES --- IMMUNOLOGY --- REGULATION --- CHOLECYSTOKININ --- DOPAMINE --- NEUROTENSIN --- FLUOROQUINOLONES --- QUINOLONES --- ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS --- CLOZAPINE --- I.M.A.O. --- REGULATION --- NEUROPEPTIDES --- IMMUNOLOGY --- REGULATION --- CHOLECYSTOKININ --- DOPAMINE --- NEUROTENSIN --- FLUOROQUINOLONES --- QUINOLONES --- ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS --- CLOZAPINE --- I.M.A.O. --- REGULATION

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The secretions of the exocrine pancreas provide for digestion of a meal into components that are then available for processing and absorption by the intestinal epithelium. Without the exocrine pancreas, malabsorption and malnutrition result. This chapter describes the cellular participants responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes and fluid that in combination provide a pancreatic secretion that accomplishes the digestive functions of the gland. Key cellular participants, the acinar cell and the duct cell, are responsible for digestive enzyme and fluid secretion, respectively, of the exocrine pancreas. This chapter describes the neurohumoral pathways that mediate the pancreatic response to a meal as well as details of the cellular mechanisms that are necessary for the organ responses, including protein synthesis and transport and ion transports, and the regulation of these responses by intracellular signaling systems. Examples of pancreatic diseases resulting from dysfunction in cellular mechanisms provide emphasis of the importance of the normal physiologic mechanisms.

Pancreas. --- Pancreatic acinar cells. --- Pancreas, Exocrine. --- Pancreas --- Secretion --- Digestive enzymes --- Acinar cell --- Duct cell --- Digestion --- Centroacinar cell --- Cholecystokinin --- Secretin --- Endoplasmic reticulum --- Zymogens --- Zymogen granule --- Condensing vacuole --- Lysosome --- Unfolded protein response --- Cystic fibrosis --- Trypsinogen --- Lipase --- Amylase

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Identification and development of cancer biomarkers and targets have greatly accelerated progress towards precision medicine in oncology. Studies of tumor biology have not only provided insights into the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis, but also led to discovery of molecules that have been developed into cancer biomarkers and targets. Multi-platforms for molecular characterization of tumors using next-generation genomic sequencing, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and blood-based biopsies have greatly expanded the portfolio of potential biomarkers and targets. These cancer biomarkers have been developed for diagnosis, early detection, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response. The molecular targets have been exploited for anti-cancer therapy and delivery of therapeutic agents. This Special Issue of Biomedicines focuses on recent advances in the discovery, characterization, translation, and clinical application of cancer biomarkers and targets in malignant diseases of the digestive system. The goal is to stimulate basic and translational research and clinical collaboration in this exciting field with the hope of developing strategies for prevention and early detection/diagnosis of cancer in digestive organs, and improving therapeutic and psychosocial outcomes in patients with these malignant diseases.

n/a --- liver graft injury --- HFE --- neurokinin --- chemotherapy --- intestinal tumors --- therapeutic targets --- biliary tract carcinoma --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- clinical trial --- cell adhesion molecules --- colorectal cancer --- biomarkers --- phenotypic mosaics --- gastrointestinal oncology --- Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) --- biomarker --- psychosocial support --- precision therapy --- pancreatic carcinoma --- precision medicine --- Liver transplantation --- predictive biomarkers --- CD274 --- cholecystokinin --- The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) --- gastrin --- pembrolizumab --- immunotherapy --- gastrin-releasing peptide --- stereotactic body radiation therapy --- immunohistochemistry --- gastric carcinoma --- liver transplant --- CAM invasion assay --- intragraft gene expression profiles --- molecular profiling --- targeted therapy --- neurotensin --- intestinal disorder --- ramucirumab --- next-generation sequencing --- colorectal carcinoma --- tumor progenitor --- circulating tumor cells --- gastrointestinal malignancies --- bombesin --- trastuzumab --- somatostatin --- zebrafish --- G protein–coupled receptors --- G protein-coupled receptors

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Although insect endocrinology is one of the oldest and most active branches of insect physiology, its classic general texts are long out of date, while its abundant primary literature provides little biological context in which to make sense of the discipline as a whole. In this book, H. Frederik Nijhout's goal is to provide a complete, concise, and up-to-date source for students and nonspecialists seeking an overview of the dynamic and wide-ranging science that insect endocrinology has become since its beginnings nearly eighty years ago in the study of insect metamorphosis. The author offers a comprehensive survey of the many roles that hormones play in the biology of insects. Among the topics discussed are the control of molting, metamorphosis, reproduction, caste determination in social insects, diapause, migration, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, diuresis, and behavior. The account features a summary of the most current and accurate thinking on the complex roles of ecdysone and juvenile hormone in the control of metamorphosis, a process still misunderstood and misrepresented in biological textbooks and many professional reviews. Throughout, the book's emphasis is on the biology of the organism and the ways in which physiological and developmental regulatory mechanisms are integrated into the insect's life cycle.

Insects --- Insect hormones. --- Physiology. --- Development. --- Acetyl choline. --- Adenylate cyclase. --- Ageratum houstonianum. --- Aglais urticae. --- Allometric constant. --- Anastrepa suspensa. --- Androgenic hormone. --- Apanteles congregatus. --- Araschnia levana. --- Baculovirus. --- Behavioral castes. --- Brain hormone. --- Butterfly scales. --- Byrsotria fumigata. --- Caffeine. --- Cediopsylla simplex. --- Cholecystokinin. --- Chromatic adaptation. --- Chromatophores. --- Cocoon spinning. --- Coleoptera. --- Critical daylength. --- Cryptonephridial system. --- Cuticulin. --- Dacus. --- Developmental hormones. --- Developmental switches. --- Dipetalogaster maximus. --- Ecdysial membrane. --- Ecdysial suture. --- Ephemeroptera. --- External skeleton. --- Frontal ganglion. --- Glycogen. --- Habrobracon juglandis. --- Homeostasis. --- Hormone assays. --- Hypocerebral ganglion. --- Insecticyanin. --- Juvabione. --- Kinoprene. --- Larval differentiation. --- Long-day insects. --- Magicicada. --- Manduca quinquemaculata. --- Membracidae. --- Metabolism. --- Migration. --- Myzus persicae. --- Neuroblasts. --- Neurohemal organ. --- Neurotransmitter.

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The main aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of recent advances in the processing, characterization, structure–activity links, and applications of natural bioactive molecules from a wide range of sources. The incorporation of these bioactive compounds in innovative functional matrices is also a matter of interest.

Technology: general issues --- anti-hypertension --- bioactivity --- Gaba --- Gaba-rich product --- health benefit --- Nibea japonica --- marine collagen peptides --- proliferation --- wound healing --- processing by-products --- Meretrix meretrix oligopeptides --- cyclophosphamide --- immunomodulatory --- immune-deficient mice --- Cytisus scoparius --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- Brassica rapa --- Quercus robur --- sun creams --- thermal spring waters --- fermentation --- fermented foods --- whole grains --- health benefits --- phenolic compounds --- antioxidant activity --- bee products --- bioactive molecules --- cosmetics --- emulsion --- functional matrices --- honey --- hydration --- organoleptic properties --- transepidermal water loss --- bioactive peptides --- in vitro gastrointestinal digestion --- fish byproduct hydrolysate --- cholecystokinin --- glucagon-like peptide 1 --- DPP-IV inhibitory peptides --- Taxus baccata L. red arils --- polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids --- α-linolenic acid --- nutritional value --- amino acids --- elements --- anti-hypertension --- bioactivity --- Gaba --- Gaba-rich product --- health benefit --- Nibea japonica --- marine collagen peptides --- proliferation --- wound healing --- processing by-products --- Meretrix meretrix oligopeptides --- cyclophosphamide --- immunomodulatory --- immune-deficient mice --- Cytisus scoparius --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- Brassica rapa --- Quercus robur --- sun creams --- thermal spring waters --- fermentation --- fermented foods --- whole grains --- health benefits --- phenolic compounds --- antioxidant activity --- bee products --- bioactive molecules --- cosmetics --- emulsion --- functional matrices --- honey --- hydration --- organoleptic properties --- transepidermal water loss --- bioactive peptides --- in vitro gastrointestinal digestion --- fish byproduct hydrolysate --- cholecystokinin --- glucagon-like peptide 1 --- DPP-IV inhibitory peptides --- Taxus baccata L. red arils --- polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids --- α-linolenic acid --- nutritional value --- amino acids --- elements