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This book looks at the way primarily external actors influenced and were influenced by the revolutionary chaos that erupted in the Arab Middle East in 2011. The Arab revolutions radically altered the Middle East dynamic and particularly the strategic standing of key actors, both locally and globally. The 'winners' are leaders with strategic understanding of the region and a scheme for exploiting the chaos - Putin, Netanyahu and Iran's Qasem Soleimani-along with, strikingly, the very institution of Arab monarchy. The 'losers' are the Arab autocrats who were deposed in Egypt, Libya and Yemen. The Palestinians, seemingly bypassed by the dynamic of Arab revolution, are also losers. So are the American presidents - Bush and Obama - whose disastrous strategic decision-making catalyzed Arab state fragmentation and opened the gates of the Levant to Iran's drive for regional hegemony. Western democratic society suffered too - from waves of Islamist terrorism and the effects of Muslim migration generated at least in part by Arab chaos. Only in the case of two leaders was the jury still out by 2019. Saudi Arabia's brutal reformist crown prince, Mohamed bin Salman, put Saudi women in the driver's seat but butchered and abused political rivals and neighbors alike. And US President Trump's demand to get America out of the Middle East would actually make some sense in this chaotic context if it were embedded in a cohesive strategy. This book takes a global look at a massive regional upheaval that is far from over. It is an essential read for everybody interested in the Arab revolutions, Middle East and international strategic affairs.

ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- ARAB COUNTRIES--FOREIGN RELATIONS

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"From the founding of Islam in the seventh century, there had always been a dominant Muslim empire, or "caliphate." But in 1924, the Ottoman Caliphate was formally abolished. Since then, there has been an ongoing struggle to establish a legitimate political order in the Middle East. At the center of that struggle is the vexing problem of religion and its role in political life. In Islamic Exceptionalism, Brookings Institution scholar and acclaimed author Shadi Hamid offers a novel and provocative argument on how Islam is, in fact, "exceptional" in how it relates to politics, with profound implications for how we understand the future of the Middle East. With unprecedented access to Islamist activists and leaders across the region, Hamid argues for a new understanding of how Islam and Islamism shape politics - and how the practice of politics shapes Islam. Despite the hopes of the Arab Spring, ideological and religious polarization has actually worsened. Divides among citizens aren't just about power but are products of fundamental disagreements over the very nature and purpose of the modern nation state. Drawing on hundreds of hours of interviews across the region, Hamid examines different models of reckoning with the problem of religion and state, including the terrifying - and alarmingly successful - example of ISIS. Offering a panoramic and ambitious interpretation of the region's descent into violence, Islamic Exceptionalism is a vital contribution to our understanding of Islam's past and present, and its outsized, exceptional role in modern politics. We don't have to like it; but we have to understand it, because it will continue to be a force that shapes not just the region, but the West as well, in the coming decades"--

Islam and politics --- Middle East --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Middle East - Politics and government - 20th century --- Middle East - Politics and government - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 20th century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century

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Political science --- History --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Political science - Arab countries - History --- Arab countries - Politics and government

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Cet ouvrage expose les multiples facettes de la pensée politique arabe depuis le XIX e siècle, inscrite dans la richesse d'une culture trop méconnue. Avec ce vaste panorama, vivant et érudit, Georges Corm atteste la vitalité de cette pensée et des grandes controverses qui l'ont traversée. Il montre que ses acteurs, loin d'être figés dans le carcan théologicopolitique décrit par certains récits canoniques sur les Arabes et l'islam, ont souvent exprimé une pensée critique forte, sur les plans religieux et philosophique, anthropologique et politique. Inscrivant l'œuvre de ces penseurs dans le maelström des bouleversements géopolitiques et socioéconomiques ayant marqué le monde arabe depuis deux siècles, il explique comment les puissantes hégémonies externes, militaires, académiques et médiatiques ont contribué à marginaliser la pensée critique arabe. Cela a facilité l'installation hégémonique de la pensée islamiste, instrumentalisée par certains régimes arabes comme par leurs protecteurs occidentaux. En retraçant finement les avatars successifs du nationalisme arabe moderniste, confronté à partir des années 1950 au double défi de la création de l'État d'Israël et de la manne pétrolière, Georges Corm donne les clés pour comprendre les révoltes libertaires arabes de 2011, ainsi que les contre-révolutions et interventions externes qui les ont suivies. Un guide précieux pour se familiariser avec la complexité de la pensée arabe, exposée ici de façon claire et exhaustive. Un guide d'autant plus utile que le retour à la paix dans la région dépend largement de la reconnaissance de la puissante dynamique de cette pensée à la fois critique et profane, loin de l'image politico-religieuse sclérosée qui en est souvent donnée

Ideology --- Islam and state --- Democracy --- Revolutions --- Political aspects --- History --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Intellectual life --- Ideology - Political aspects - Arab countries --- Islam and state - Arab countries --- Democracy - Arab countries --- Revolutions - Arab countries - History --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 19th century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 20th century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21th century --- Arab countries - Intellectual life - 19th century --- Arab countries - Intellectual life - 20th century --- Arab countries - Intellectual life - 21th century

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Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Syria --- Foreign relations --- Arab countries - Politics and government. --- Syria - Politics and government. --- Syria - Foreign relations - Arab countries. --- Arab countries - Foreign relations - Syria.