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Disgust is among the strongest of aversions, characterized by involuntary physical recoil and even nausea. Yet paradoxically, disgusting objects can sometimes exert a grisly allure, and this emotion can constitute a positive, appreciative aesthetic response when exploited by works of art -- a phenomenon labelled here "aesthetic disgust." While the reactive, visceral quality of disgust contributes to its misleading reputation as a relatively "primitive" response mechanism, it is this feature that also gives it a particular aesthetic power when manifest in art. Most treatments of disgust mistakenly interpret it as only an extreme response, thereby neglecting the many subtle ways that it operates aesthetically. This study calls attention to the diversity and depth of its uses, analyzing the emotion in detail and considering the enormous variety of aesthetic forms it can assume in works of art and --unexpectedly-- even in foods. In the process of articulating a positive role for disgust, this book examines the nature of aesthetic apprehension and argues for the distinctive mode of cognition that disgust affords -- an intimate apprehension of physical mortality. Despite some commonalities attached to the meaning of disgust, this emotion assumes many aesthetic forms: it can be funny, profound, witty, ironic, unsettling, sorrowful, or gross. To demonstrate this diversity, several chapters review examples of disgust as it is aroused by art. The book ends by investigating to what extent disgust can be discovered in art that is also considered beautiful.

Aversion. --- Aesthetics. --- Philosophical anthropology --- onderzoek in de kunsten --- philosophy of art --- aesthetics --- Aesthetics --- Aversion --- Abhorrence --- Antipathy --- Disgust --- Dislike --- Disrelish --- Distaste --- Loathing --- Repugnance --- Emotions --- Beautiful, The --- Beauty --- Esthetics --- Taste (Aesthetics) --- Philosophy --- Art --- Criticism --- Literature --- Proportion --- Symmetry --- Psychology --- Radio broadcasting Aesthetics --- Esthétique --- Dans l'art --- Thèmes, motifs --- Esthétique --- Thèmes, motifs

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The US Supreme Court is the chief institution responsible for guarding minority rights and equality under the law, yet, in order to function authoritatively, the Court depends on a majority of Americans to accept its legitimacy and on policymakers to enforce its rulings. The Rights Paradox confronts this tension, offering a careful conceptualization and theory of judicial legitimacy that emphasizes its connection to social groups. Zilis demonstrates that attitudes toward minorities and other groups are pivotal for shaping popular support for the Court, with the Court losing support when it rules in favor of unpopular groups. Moreover, justices are aware of these dynamics and strategically moderate their decisions when concerned about the Court's legitimacy. Drawing on survey and experimental evidence, as well as analysis of Court decision-making across many recent high-profile cases, Zilis examines the implications for 'equal justice under the law' in an era of heightened polarization and conflict.

Minorities --- Aversion --- School integration --- Legitimacy of governments --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Political aspects --- Law and legislation --- Civil rights --- United States. --- Public opinion. --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- General will --- Political stability --- Regime change --- Desegregation in education --- Education --- Integration in education --- School desegregation --- Magnet schools --- Race relations in school management --- Segregation in education --- Abhorrence --- Antipathy --- Disgust --- Dislike --- Disrelish --- Distaste --- Loathing --- Repugnance --- Emotions --- Integration --- Supreme Court (U.S.) --- Chief Justice of the United States --- Supreme Court of the United States --- 美國.

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More than thirty million Americans live in small, out-of-the-way places. Many of them could have joined the vast majority of Americans who live in cities and suburbs. They could live closer to more lucrative careers and convenient shopping, a wider range of educational opportunities, and more robust health care. But they have opted to live differently. In Small-Town America, we meet factory workers, shop owners, retirees, teachers, clergy, and mayors--residents who show neighborliness in small ways, but who also worry about everything from school closings and their children's futures to the ups and downs of the local economy. Drawing on more than seven hundred in-depth interviews in hundreds of towns across America and three decades of census data, Robert Wuthnow shows the fragility of community in small towns. He covers a host of topics, including the symbols and rituals of small-town life, the roles of formal and informal leaders, the social role of religious congregations, the perception of moral and economic decline, and the myriad ways residents in small towns make sense of their own lives. Wuthnow also tackles difficult issues such as class and race, abortion, homosexuality, and substance abuse. Small-Town America paints a rich panorama of individuals who reside in small communities, finding that, for many people, living in a small town is an important part of self-identity.

Communities --- Cities and towns --- Community --- Social groups --- Global cities --- Municipalities --- Towns --- Urban areas --- Urban systems --- Human settlements --- Sociology, Urban --- United States --- Republicans. --- Suzanne Keller. --- abortion. --- agriculture. --- antipathy. --- athletics. --- big government. --- bureaucracy. --- career opportunities. --- caring. --- children. --- church closure. --- civic responsibilities. --- class. --- college. --- community life. --- community spirit. --- community ties. --- community. --- creationism. --- economic decline. --- education. --- educators. --- employment. --- ethnic diversity. --- evolution. --- family. --- frog-pond effect. --- future planning. --- gentry. --- grassroots activism. --- higher education. --- homecoming festivals. --- homosexuality. --- immigration. --- job opportunities. --- leaders. --- leadership. --- living standards. --- loyalty. --- membership criteria. --- metropolitan areas. --- money. --- moral decline. --- nature. --- neighborliness. --- neighbors. --- parents. --- pensioners. --- politics. --- population decline. --- populism. --- public officials. --- racial diversity. --- religion. --- religious buildings. --- religious congregations. --- religious organizations. --- religious participation. --- respect. --- ritual. --- school curriculum. --- self-identity. --- service class. --- slow pace. --- small towns. --- small-town life. --- social innovation. --- social networks. --- social strata. --- socioeconomic status. --- stereotypes. --- sustainable energy. --- technology. --- territory. --- townspeople. --- voluntary organizations. --- wageworkers. --- welfare. --- work. --- young people.

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At the height of the Cold War, the U.S. government enlisted the aid of a select group of psychologists, sociologists, and political scientists to blueprint enemy behavior. Not only did these academics bring sophisticated concepts to what became a project of demonizing communist societies, but they influenced decision-making in the map rooms, prison camps, and battlefields of the Korean War and in Vietnam. With verve and insight, Ron Robin tells the intriguing story of the rise of behavioral scientists in government and how their potentially dangerous, "American" assumptions about human behavior would shape U.S. views of domestic disturbances and insurgencies in Third World countries for decades to come. Based at government-funded think tanks, the experts devised provocative solutions for key Cold War dilemmas, including psychological warfare projects, negotiation strategies during the Korean armistice, and morale studies in the Vietnam era. Robin examines factors that shaped the scientists' thinking and explores their psycho-cultural and rational choice explanations for enemy behavior. He reveals how the academics' intolerance for complexity ultimately reduced the nation's adversaries to borderline psychotics, ignored revolutionary social shifts in post-World War II Asia, and promoted the notion of a maniacal threat facing the United States. Putting the issue of scientific validity aside, Robin presents the first extensive analysis of the intellectual underpinnings of Cold War behavioral sciences in a book that will be indispensable reading for anyone interested in the era and its legacy.

Intellectuals --- Research institutes --- Cold War --- Institutes, Research --- Research centers --- Think tanks --- Universities and colleges --- Learned institutions and societies --- Intelligentsia --- Persons --- Social classes --- Specialists --- Political activity --- History --- Social aspects --- Asia --- United States --- Foreign relations --- Intellectual life --- Aftermath of World War II. --- Aggression. --- Anti-Americanism. --- Anti-capitalism. --- Anti-communism. --- Anti-individualism. --- Anti-intellectualism. --- Antipathy. --- Aphorism. --- Armistice. --- Authoritarianism. --- Behavioralism. --- Behavioural sciences. --- Bernard Brodie (military strategist). --- Carpet bombing. --- Clash of Civilizations. --- Cold War. --- Communism. --- Communist International. --- Communist propaganda. --- Conventional warfare. --- Counter-insurgency. --- Counter-revolutionary. --- Counter-terrorism. --- Creation myth. --- Criticism. --- Culture war. --- Decolonization. --- Defection. --- Demoralization (warfare). --- Deterrence theory. --- Disarmament. --- Disenchantment. --- Distrust. --- Espionage. --- Explanation. --- Foreign policy. --- Global catastrophic risk. --- Ideology. --- Incest. --- Indoctrination. --- Insurgency. --- Isolationism. --- Korean War. --- Korean conflict. --- Loss of China. --- Militarism. --- Militarization. --- Mind control. --- Modernization theory. --- Narcissism. --- National security. --- Nazi Germany. --- Nazism. --- North Korean defectors. --- Nuclear strategy. --- Nuclear warfare. --- On Aggression. --- On Thermonuclear War. --- Oppression. --- Persecution. --- Political apathy. --- Political censorship. --- Political commissar. --- Political science. --- Politics. --- Prisoner of war. --- Propaganda. --- Proxy war. --- Psychoanalysis. --- Psychological warfare. --- RAND Corporation. --- Racism. --- Radicalization. --- Reprisal. --- Result. --- Science. --- Scientism. --- Separatism. --- Social science. --- Society of the United States. --- Sociology. --- Sovietization. --- Strategic bombing. --- Subversion. --- The Authoritarian Personality. --- The Wehrmacht (documentary). --- Total war. --- Totalitarianism. --- Un-American. --- Viet Cong. --- War economy. --- War effort. --- War of ideas. --- War. --- Warfare. --- Wars of national liberation. --- Weapon of mass destruction. --- World War II. --- World communism.

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"How remittances foster democracy In the growing body of work on democracy, little attention has been paid to its links with migration. Migration and Democracy focuses on the effects of worker remittances-money sent by migrants back to their home country-and how these resources shape political action in the Global South. Remittances are not only the largest source of foreign income in most autocratic countries, but also, in contrast to foreign aid or international investment, flow directly to citizens. As a result, they provide resources that make political opposition possible, and they decrease government dependency, undermining the patronage strategies underpinning authoritarianism.The authors discuss how international migration produces a decentralized flow of income that generally circumvents governments to reach citizens who act as democratizing agents. Documenting why dictatorships fall and how this process has changed in the last three decades, the authors show that remittances increase the likelihood of protest and reduce electoral support for authoritarian incumbents. Combining global macroanalysis with microdata and case studies of Senegal and Cambodia, the book demonstrates how remittances foster democracy. Migration and Democracy demonstrates how the movement of people from authoritarian nations to higher-income countries can enhance democratic expansion"-- "In the rich and growing body of work on democracy, there has been little attention to the connection between democracy and migration; and when there is, it is usually in connection with countries that see in-migration rather than out-migration. The latter is the focus of this book, which looks specifically at remittances--money sent from a migrant back to their home country--and how they reshape the internal balance of power by influencing the incentives and opportunities for political action among individuals receiving remittance income. Not only do remittances provide the resources that make contentious collective action possible, but they also reduce households' dependence on state-delivered goods and thus undermine the effectiveness of regime patronage strategies that underpin electoral authoritarianism. The book starts with a general examination of international migration and associated remittance flows, pointing out that remittance flows have become so great as to be one of the largest sources of foreign income in autocracies--and one that goes directly to democratizing agents (that is, to individuals), largely circumventing authoritarian governments. The authors then look the mechanisms that cause non-democracies collapse, and how these mechanisms are encouraged by remittances. Specifically, the authors look at how remittances inrease the likehood of individual-level protest, decrease the appeal of patronage networks, and act as an accelerant during the democratizing process"--

Emigration and immigration - Political aspects --- Emigration and immigration - Economic aspects --- Emigrant remittances - Political aspects --- Democratization - Economic aspects --- Dictatorship --- Emigration and immigration --- Political aspects. --- Economic aspects. --- Activism. --- Adventurism. --- Ant Financial Services Group. --- Antipathy. --- Beneficiary. --- Centrism. --- Citizens (Spanish political party). --- Clientelism. --- Collective behavior. --- Consumption (economics). --- Cronyism. --- Democracy promotion. --- Democratic consolidation. --- Democratization. --- Developed country. --- Development aid. --- Dictatorship. --- Economic liberalization. --- Effectiveness. --- Electoral reform. --- Estimation. --- Explanation. --- Factors of production. --- Family income. --- Government of China. --- Government shutdown in the United States. --- Government spending. --- Human capital flight. --- Illegal immigration. --- Import. --- Income. --- Incumbent. --- Insurgency. --- International non-governmental organization. --- Investment. --- Jean Ping. --- Judiciary. --- Liberalization. --- Local history. --- Marabout. --- Market price. --- Mass surveillance. --- Measurement. --- Military dictatorship. --- Modernization theory. --- Monarchy. --- Multiple citizenship. --- Nationalization. --- Nativism (politics). --- Neoliberalism. --- No taxation without representation. --- North–South divide. --- Obstacle. --- Opposition Party. --- Participation (decision making). --- Political opportunity. --- Political repression. --- Political science. --- Political sociology. --- Populism. --- Poverty reduction. --- Project. --- Prosocial behavior. --- Protest vote. --- Public good. --- Rebellion. --- Recolonization. --- Regime. --- Remittance. --- Right-wing politics. --- Safety net. --- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. --- Sewerage. --- Smuggling. --- Social science. --- Spillover effect. --- Spoils system. --- Structural adjustment. --- Subsidy. --- Suggestion. --- Tanzania. --- Tax revenue. --- Tax. --- Term limit. --- Thomas Boni Yayi. --- United Nations Security Council. --- Volunteering. --- Voting. --- Welfare. --- Youth unemployment. --- Emigrant remittances --- Democratization --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Immigrant remittances --- Remittances, Emigrant --- Foreign exchange --- Political systems --- Migration. Refugees