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The conversion and storage of renewable energy sources is key to the transition from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a low-carbon society. Many new game-changing materials have already impacted our lives and contributed to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, such as high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, blue light-emitting diodes, and cathodes for Li-ion batteries. However, new breakthroughs in materials science and technology are required to boost the clean energy transition. All success stories in materials science are built upon a tailored control of the interconnected processes that take place at the nanoscale, such as charge excitation, charge transport and recombination, ionic diffusion, intercalation, and the interfacial transfer of matter and charge. Nanostructured materials, thanks to their ultra-small building blocks and the high interface-to-volume ratio, offer a rich toolbox to scientists that aspire to improve the energy conversion efficiency or the power and energy density of a material. Furthermore, new phenomena arise in nanoparticles, such as surface plasmon resonance, superparamegntism, and exciton confinement. The ten articles published in this Special Issue showcase the different applications of nanomaterials in the field of energy storage and conversion, including electrodes for Li-ion batteries and beyond, photovoltaic materials, pyroelectric energy harvesting, and (photo)catalytic processes.

nanoparticle --- nanoalloy --- catalyst --- CO2 reduction --- hydrocarbon --- synthetic fuel --- iron --- cobalt --- perovskite solar cell --- hole transport layer --- CuCrO2 nanoparticles --- thermal stability --- light stability --- aluminum ion batteries --- reduced graphene oxide --- tin dioxide --- 3D electrode materials --- mechanical properties --- TiO2 --- azo dye --- wastewater treatment --- photocatalysis --- sodium formate --- dry etching --- black silicon --- photovoltaics --- plasmonics --- heterogeneous catalysis --- nanoparticles --- single molecule localization --- super-resolution microscopy --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- Li-ion batteries --- anodes --- intermetallics --- silicon --- composites --- nanomaterials --- coating --- mechanochemistry --- zinc sulfide --- wurtzite --- co-precipitation synthesis --- solvent recycling --- green synthesis --- scaling up --- pilot plant --- chalcopyrite compounds --- nanocrystals --- hydrothermal --- spin coating --- EIS --- conductivity --- lithium-ion batteries --- SnO2 --- nanoarray --- anode --- high-rate --- n/a

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The start of high-volume production of field-effect transistors with a feature size below 100 nm at the end of the 20th century signaled the transition from microelectronics to nanoelectronics. Since then, downscaling in the semiconductor industry has continued until the recent development of sub-10 nm technologies. The new phenomena and issues as well as the technological challenges of the fabrication and manipulation at the nanoscale have spurred an intense theoretical and experimental research activity. New device structures, operating principles, materials, and measurement techniques have emerged, and new approaches to electronic transport and device modeling have become necessary. Examples are the introduction of vertical MOSFETs in addition to the planar ones to enable the multi-gate approach as well as the development of new tunneling, high-electron mobility, and single-electron devices. The search for new materials such as nanowires, nanotubes, and 2D materials for the transistor channel, dielectrics, and interconnects has been part of the process. New electronic devices, often consisting of nanoscale heterojunctions, have been developed for light emission, transmission, and detection in optoelectronic and photonic systems, as well for new chemical, biological, and environmental sensors. This Special Issue focuses on the design, fabrication, modeling, and demonstration of nanodevices for electronic, optoelectronic, and sensing applications.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- concentrator systems --- GaInP/GaInAs/Ge --- multi-junction --- photovoltaics --- solar cells --- space --- triple-junction --- FeFET --- ferroelectric --- nonvolatile --- semiconductor memory --- SBT --- nanoantennas --- optics --- optoelectronic devices --- photovoltaic technology --- rectennas --- resistive memories --- thermal model --- heat equation --- thermal conductivity --- circuit simulation --- compact modeling --- resistive switching --- nanodevices --- power conversion efficiency --- MXenes --- electrodes --- additives --- HTL/ETL --- design of experiments --- GFET --- graphene --- high-frequency --- RF devices --- tolerance analysis --- molybdenum oxides --- green synthesis --- biological chelator --- additional capacity --- anodes --- lithium-ion batteries --- carbon nanotube --- junctionless --- tunnel field effect transistors --- chemical doping --- electrostatic doping --- NEGF simulation --- band-to-band tunneling --- switching performance --- nanoscale --- phosphorene --- black phosphorus --- nanoribbon --- edge contact --- contact resistance --- quantum transport --- NEGF --- metallization --- broadening --- zigzag carbon nanotube --- armchair-edge graphene nanoribbon --- quantum simulation --- sub-10 nm --- phototransistors --- photosensitivity --- subthreshold swing --- GaN HEMTs --- scaling --- electron mobility --- scattering --- polarization charge --- 2D materials --- rhenium --- selenides --- ReSe2 --- field-effect transistor --- pressure --- negative photoconductivity --- n/a

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This book describes recent studies in the development of nanomaterials for various secondary batteries, including Li-ion batteries (LIBs), Li–air batteries, and multivalent aqueous batteries. A simple, low-cost, and scalable synthetic process for the development of nanomaterials is another research topic in this book. The recent studies dedicated by researchers in this book highlight the importance of innovative nanostructures and new functional materials, which can open new opportunities for battery research.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- SnO2 --- self-assembly --- MoS2 --- nanosheets --- lithium-ion battery --- inorganic filler --- gel polymer electrolytes --- TiO2 --- Al2O3 --- SiO2 --- ZrO2 --- CeO2 --- BaTiO3 --- lithium polymer batteries --- Ag --- nanoparticle --- high rate --- zinc metal anode --- copper coating --- alloy interfacial layer --- uniform Zn deposition --- aqueous zinc-ion battery --- Ce-doped LaMnO3 perovskite --- XPS of LaMnO3 --- bifunctional activity --- probe sonication --- carbon-based composite --- transition metal dichalcogenide --- aqueous multivalent metal-ion batteries --- zinc-ion batteries --- magnesium-ion batteries --- aluminum-ion batteries --- aqueous batteries --- electrochemistry --- electrode materials --- ammonium vanadate --- ZnO --- composites --- binary --- ternary --- LIBs --- anode --- Zn metal anode --- aqueous Zn ion batteries --- mildly acidic electrolyte --- dendrite-free --- hydrogen evolution reaction suppression --- InSb --- InSb-C --- PAA binder --- anodes --- Li-ion batteries --- WS2 --- W2C --- hydrothermal method --- carbon nanotubes --- lithium-ion batteries

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"Written by prominent scholars from industry, academia, and research institutions, the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology presents a wide scope of articles on chemical substances—including their properties, manufacturing, and uses. It also focuses on industrial processes and unit operations in chemical engineering, as well as covering fundamentals and scientific subjects related to the field. Additionally, environmental and health issues concerning chemical technology are also addressed."--About page

Chemistry, Technical --- Chemistry [Technical ] --- Encyclopedias --- Chemical technologies --- Chemistry, Technical. --- ENCYCLOPEDIAS --- Chemical technology --- Industrial chemistry --- Technical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Technology --- Chemical engineering --- Monograph --- Chemical Engineering --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Optical detectors. --- Patents. --- Petroleum. --- Gases. --- Materials. --- Microbiology. --- Nanoparticles. --- Optical rotation. --- Aquaculture --- Coal. --- Coating processes. --- Coatings. --- Colloids. --- Combustion --- Glass. --- Information science. --- Infrared spectroscopy. --- Insects. --- Ion exchange. --- Iron compounds. --- Ketones. --- Laboratories. --- Raman spectroscopy. --- Rare earth metal compounds. --- Immunoassay. --- Immunochemistry. --- Carbohydrates. --- Heat --- Mass transfer. --- Disinfection. --- Transmission. --- Computer software. --- Cosmetics. --- Databases. --- Composites --- Ceramics. --- Fuel. --- Genetic engineering. --- Heat exchangers. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Digestive System. --- Growth Substances. --- Géotextiles --- Lasers. --- Lead compounds. --- Lead. --- Light. --- Liquids. --- Manganese compounds. --- Mass spectrometry. --- Nuclear magnetic resonance. --- Marketing --- Actinide elements. --- Adsorption --- Aérosols --- Pollution atmosphérique --- Chemistry, Forensic. --- Flotation. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Fluidization. --- Fluorine compounds. --- Fluorine. --- Food additives. --- Food contamination. --- Food handling. --- Fuel cells. --- Digestive System --- Growth Substances --- Disinfection --- Benzene, ethenyl --- Benzene, ethenyl, polymers --- Butanedioic acid --- Dyes --- Microgravity --- Particle size --- Pesticides --- Silicon compounds --- Silk --- Silver --- Silver compounds --- Soaps --- Sodium --- Sodium compounds --- Soil --- Sol-gel processing --- Solar energy --- Solders --- Solvents --- Soybeans --- Spectroscopy --- Sprays --- Stains (coloring materials) --- Starches --- Steam --- Steel --- Steroids --- Stimulants (nervous systems) --- Strontium --- Strontium compounds --- Styrene-butadiene rubber --- Fungicides --- Furnaces --- Gallium --- Gallium compounds --- Gasoline --- Gelatins --- Gemstones --- Geothermal energy --- Germanium --- Germanium compounds --- Glycerol --- Glycols --- Gold --- Gold compounds --- Grignard reaction --- Gums --- Hafnium --- Hafnium compounds --- Hair preparations --- Hardness (mechanical) --- Heat resistant materials --- Heat stabilizers --- Metallic glasses --- Natural gas --- Safety --- Synthetic fuels --- Waters, natural --- 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl --- Biocides --- Butanedioic acid, methylene --- -Catalysis --- Electric insulators --- Ethenone derivatives --- Hypoglycemic agents --- Imines --- Incinerators --- Inclusion compounds --- Indium --- Indium compounds --- Indole derivatives --- Industrial hygiene --- Inks --- Inorganic polymers --- Integrated circuits --- Iodine --- Iodine compounds --- Ion implantation --- Ionomers --- Iron --- Isocyanates --- Plastics, laminated --- Reaction kinetics --- Sound insulators --- Thermal insulators --- 2-butenedioic acid (z) --- Brown coal --- Esr (electron spin resonance) --- Latex --- Leather --- Lecithins --- Lignins --- Lime --- Limestone --- Liquefied petroleum gases --- Liquid crystals --- Lithium --- Lithium compounds --- Lubricants --- Lubrication --- Luminescent materials --- Machining --- Magnesium --- Magnesium compounds --- Magnetic substances --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Malt --- Manganese --- Propanedioic acid --- 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy --- -2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl --- Chloro hydrocarbons --- Chlorosulfuric acid --- Chocolate --- Choline --- Chromatography --- Chromium --- Chromium compounds --- Chromophores --- Cobalt --- Cobalt compounds --- Coffee (beverage) --- Color --- Coloring materials --- Hydroxy compounds --- Phenols --- Photography --- 2h-1-benzopyran-2-one --- Antifoaming agents --- Benzene, 1-methylethyl --- Contact lenses --- Contraceptive agents --- Controlled-release drug delivery systems --- Coordination compounds --- Copper --- Copper compounds --- Corrosion --- Cotton fibers --- Cryogenics --- Crystallization --- Cyanamide derivatives --- Cyanides (inorganic) --- Cyanine dyes --- Cyanohydrins --- Cyanuric acid --- Cyclohexane derivatives --- Cyclopentadiene --- Dairy products --- Dental materials --- Detergency --- Drying agents --- Laboratory experiment --- Nitriles --- 2-propanone --- 2-propenal --- Ablative materials --- Abrasives --- Absorption --- Acetic acid --- Acrylic polymers --- Adhesives --- Aeration --- Air conditioning --- Alcohols --- Aldehydes --- Alkali metal hydroxides --- Alkaloids --- Ethyne derivatives --- Hexanedioic acid --- Polyoxymethylenes --- Adrenal cortex hormones --- Aerogels --- Benzene, dimethyl --- Biopolymers --- Bioremediation --- Chirality --- Condensation (physical) --- Furans --- Microemulsions --- Molecular modeling --- Molecular recognition --- Photoresists --- Purity --- Recycling of polymeric materials --- Semiconductor compounds --- Separation --- Surface analysis --- Thermography --- Urea --- Water-soluble polymers --- Weighing --- Welding --- Wine --- Wood --- ANTIBIOTICS --- ANTI-OBESITY AGENTS --- ANTIFREEZE --- ANTIMONY --- ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS --- ANTIOXIDANTS --- ANTIOZONANTS --- PARASITICIDES --- ANTISTATIC AGENTS --- VIRUCIDES --- AQUACULTURE --- ARSENIC --- ARSENIC COMPOUNDS --- ASBESTOS --- ASPHALT --- AIR POLLUTION --- INSTRUMENTATION --- JET AIRCRAFT FUEL --- DYES --- BAKERY PRODUCTS --- BARIUM --- BARIUM COMPOUNDS --- POLYMERS --- PERMEABILITY --- FUEL CELLS --- PROPERTIES --- 9,10-anthracenedione --- Alcohols, compounds, metal salts --- Alkyd resins --- Alkylation --- Allylic compounds --- Aluminum --- Aluminum compounds --- Amides --- Amines --- Amino acids --- Amino alcohols --- Aminoplasts --- Ammonia --- Ammonium compounds --- Analgesics --- Analytical chemistry --- Anesthetics --- Antibacterial agents --- Antibiotics --- Bronchodilator agents --- Senescence --- POWER --- PRESSURE --- PRINTING --- PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS --- ENERGY CONSERVATION --- PRODUCT LIABILITY --- 1-PROPANOL --- 2-PROPANOL --- OXIRANE, METHYL --- PROSTAGLANDINS --- PROSTHETIC DEVICES --- PROTEINS --- PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS --- PULP (CELLULOSE) --- PUMPS --- PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES --- PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES --- PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITIONS --- PYRROLE DERIVATIVES --- QUALITY CONTROL --- QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS --- QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES --- QUINONES --- CROSSLINKING AGENTS --- RADIATION --- ISOTOPE INDICATORS --- RADIOELEMENTS --- RADIOGRAPHY, CONTRAST AGENTS --- PHARMACEUTICALS, RADIO --- RADIOPROTECTANTS --- REACTORS --- COATINGS --- RECYCLING --- CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL EFFECTS --- MATCHES --- MATERIALS --- STANDARDS --- MEAT PRODUCTS --- DIAGNOSIS --- DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING --- MEMBRANES --- MEMORY, BIOLOGICAL --- MERCURY --- MERCURY COMPOUNDS --- ANODES --- METALS --- METALLURGY --- COMPOSITES --- SURFACE (CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS) --- 2-PROPENOIC ACID, 2-METHYL --- METHANOL --- MICA-GROUP MINERALS --- POLYSACCHARIDES, BACTERIAL --- METABOLISM (MICROBIAL) --- MICROENCAPSULATION --- MICROSCOPY --- MICROWAVE --- MILK --- DAIRY PRODUCTS --- MINERAL ELEMENTS --- NUTRIENTS --- MINERALS --- MIXING --- MOLECULAR SIEVES --- MOLYBDENUM --- MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS --- NAPHTHALENE DERIVATIVES --- NAPHTHENIC ACIDS --- NEUROHORMONES --- NEUROTRANSMITTER AGONISTS --- NEUROTRANSMITTER ANTAGONISTS --- PREPARATION --- 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid --- Carbonic dichloride --- Disperse systems --- Paper --- Perchloric acid --- Perfumes --- Peroxides --- Pharmaceutical preparations --- Phenolic resins --- Phosphates --- Phosphine derivatives --- Phosphoric acid --- Phosphorus --- Phosphorus compounds --- Photochemistry --- Photoconductivity --- Photoelectric devices --- Phthalocyanine compounds --- Pigments --- THIOGLYCOLIC ACID --- THIOLS --- THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES --- THIOSULFATES --- THORIUM --- THORIUM COMPOUNDS --- THYROID GLAND --- THYROID HORMONES --- TIN --- TIN ALLOYS --- TIN COMPOUNDS --- TIRES --- TITANIUM --- TITANIUM ALLOYS --- TITANIUM COMPOUNDS --- TOLUENE --- TOXICOLOGY --- TRACE ELEMENTS --- TRANSPORTATION --- TUNGSTEN --- TUNGSTEN ALLOYS --- TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS --- ULTRAFILTRATION --- UNITS OF MEASUREMENT --- URANIUM --- URANIUM COMPOUNDS --- THALLIUM COMPOUNDS --- POLYURETHANES --- VACCINES --- VACUUM --- VANADIUM --- VANADIUM ALLOYS --- VANADIUM COMPOUNDS --- VANILLIN --- VETERINARY MEDICINE --- VINEGAR --- VINYL COMPOUNDS --- VINYL POLYMERS --- ANALYSIS --- 1,1'-biphenyl, deriv --- Alcoholic beverages --- Alkadienes --- Aromatic hydrocarbons --- Bearings --- Beer --- Benzene --- Beryllium --- Biotechnology --- Bismuth --- Bleaching agents --- Blood --- Boron --- Bromine --- Cadmium --- Calcium --- Carbides --- Carbon --- Construction materials --- Friction materials --- Alditols --- Films (physical chemistry) --- S-substitution --- Sulfamic acid --- Sulfolane --- Sulfonation --- Sulfonic acids --- Sulfoxides --- Sulfur --- Sulfur compounds --- Sulfuric acid --- Supercritical fluids --- Surfactants --- Sutures --- Sweetening agents --- Talc --- Tall oil --- Tanks (containers) --- Tantalum --- Tantalum compounds --- Tar --- Tea --- Tellurium --- Tellurium compounds --- Temperature sensors --- Terpenes --- Textiles --- Thallium --- Thallium compounds --- Thermodynamics --- Thermoelectricity --- Anemometers --- Blood chemical analysis --- Flavoring agents --- Flocculating agents --- Fluorescent brighteners --- Foams --- Formaldehyde --- Formic acid --- Fractionation --- Fracture (materials) --- Friedel-crafts reaction --- Fruit and vegetable juices --- Plastics, cellular --- Viscosimeters