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Money --- Monnaie --- Africa, West --- Afrique occidentale --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions --- Conditions économiques --- Conditions sociales --- #SBIB:39A73 --- #SBIB:39A4 --- #SBIB:96G --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Toegepaste antropologie --- Geschiedenis van Afrika --- Conditions économiques --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Currency question --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Money - Africa, West --- Africa, West - Economic conditions --- Africa, West - Social conditions

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This study assesses the degree of financial integration in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). The structure of the financial sector and its institutional arrangements indicate that financial integration is well advanced in some aspects. Common and foreign ownership of banks is very high and cross-border transactions are frequent in the government securities markets. Common institutions help achieve a high degree of similarity of rules. There is nonetheless scope for further financial integration as indicated by persistent deviations from the law of one price, limited cross-border bank transactions, and differences in treatment. Policy measures could therefore help achieve greater financial convergence.

Africa, West -- Economic conditions. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Monetary unions -- Africa, West. --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Money --- Monetary unions --- Africa, West --- Economic conditions. --- Common currencies --- Currency areas --- Currency unions --- Optimum currency areas --- Currency question --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Investments: General --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Banking --- Investment & securities --- Financial integration --- Commercial banks --- Treasury bills and bonds --- Interbank markets --- Banks and banking --- International finance --- Government securities --- Côte d'Ivoire

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Economic conditions. Economic development --- West Africa --- Money --- Economic anthropology --- Monnaie --- Anthropologie économique --- Africa, West --- Afrique occidentale --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Conditions économiques --- Conditions sociales --- History. --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions --- #SBIB:39A4 --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Toegepaste antropologie --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Anthropologie économique --- Conditions économiques --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Currency question --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Commerce, Primitive --- Economics, Primitive --- Economics --- Ethnology --- History --- Money - Africa, West - History. --- Economic anthropology - Africa, West --- Africa, West - Economic conditions --- Africa, West - Social conditions --- 1960-.... --- Afrique --- Ghana --- Nigeria

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The book provides a detailed analysis of the causes of West Africa’s current economic high-growth episode and proposes ways to extend it sustainably. It examines the potential role of regional integration through the establishment of a common currency union and of other policy options that can enhance economic growth. The authors suggest appropriate methods of coordination between macroeconomic policy and industrialization to achieve higher economic growth and also examine why pro-poor strategies have not been successful. The book underscores the challenges and opportunities that will arise from the structural change to the region’s economies resulting from the necessary investment in manufacturing exports, ICT and infrastructure, which are key vehicles for extended growth. Readers will learn how the region can better reach its developmental goals by securing and perpetuating political liberty and transactional freedom for all its citizens.

Africa, West -- Economic conditions. --- Economic development -- Africa, West. --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Economic development --- Africa, West --- Economic conditions. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Development economics. --- Political economy. --- Regional economics. --- Macroeconomics. --- Economic policy. --- Development Economics. --- International Political Economy. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Economic Policy. --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Spatial economics. --- Spatial economics --- Regional economics

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KEY ISSUES Context. The region continued to experience strong growth in 2014, led by the continued economic expansion in Cote d’Ivoire. The outlook is for further strong growth, subject to a range of downward risks, in particular political instability ahead of upcoming elections in several countries, and security issues in Mali and Niger. With an elevated fiscal deficit exerting pressure on the balance of payments and the regional financial market, delays in fiscal consolidation or structural reforms pose the main medium-term risks. Policy recommendations: • Fiscal consolidation. Safeguarding external stability in the region will require governments to adhere to their budget deficit reduction plans while maintaining public investment efforts, which will require increasing tax revenue and controlling current expenditure. • Monetary policy. Macroeconomic conditions do not warrant a tightening of monetary policy at this juncture. However, if fiscal deficits do not decline as envisaged, the BCEAO should consider increasing its policy rates. In the mean time, the BCEAO should very closely follow the evolution of the macro-prudential risks flowing from its sharp increase in commercial bank refinancing. • Financial stability. The WAEMU authorities should enforce existing prudential rules and raise standards to international best practice. Ongoing reforms go in the right direction but need to be accelerated. • Structural transformation and regional integration. Policies to promote structural transformation should focus on addressing weaknesses, such as the lack of education and training, finance, and supportive regulatory environments. Countries should refrain from using the possibility to deviate from the common external tariff of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in force since January 1, 2015, in order to protect the gains from regional integration in WAEMU.

Africa, West -- Economic conditions. --- Africa, West -- Economic policy. --- Monetary policy -- Africa, West.. --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Banking --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Fiscal Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Financial services law & regulation --- Economic growth --- Government debt management --- Commercial banks --- Capital adequacy requirements --- Fiscal consolidation --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Financial sector development --- Financial markets --- Public debt --- Financial institutions --- Revenue administration --- Banks and banking --- Debts, Public --- Fiscal policy --- Asset requirements --- Economic development --- Financial services industry --- Revenue --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Burkina Faso